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Simple derivation of mathematical derivatives in senior two.
Derived definition:

(x)= lim(δx→0)[? (x+δx)-? (x)]/δx

then what (x? )= lim(δx→0)[? (x? +δx)-? (x? )]/Δ x, where Δ x can be a negative number or a formula, which tends to 0 in short.

For ①:

lim(δx→0)[? (x? ) - ? (x? -2δx)]/(2δx)

= lim(δx→0)-[? (x? -2δx)-? (x? )]/(2δx)

= lim(δx→0)[? (x? -2δx)-? (x? ) ]/(-2δ x), if δ u =-2δ x

= lim(δu→0)[? (x? +δu)-? (x? )]/δu

= ? (x? )

For ②:

lim(δx→0)[? (x? +δx)-? (x? -δx)]/δx

= lim(δx→0)[? (x? +δx)-? (x? ) - ? (x? -δx)+? (x? )]/δx

= lim(δx→0){[? (x? +δx)-? (x? )] - [? (x? -δx)-? (x? )]}/δx

= lim(δx→0)[? (x? +δx)-? (x? )]/δx-lim(δx→0)[? (x? -δx)-? (x? )]/δx

= lim(δx→0)[? (x? +δx)-? (x? )]/δx+lim(-δx→0)[? (x? -δx)-? (x? )]/(-δx)

= ? (x? ) + ? '(x? )

= 2? (x? )

For ③:

lim(δx→0)[? (x? +2δx)-? (x? +δx)]/δx

= lim(δx→0)[? (x? +2δx)-? (x? ) - ? (x? +δx)+? (x? )]/δx

= lim(δx→0){[? (x? +2δx)-? (x? )] - [? (x? +δx)-? (x? )]}/δx

= lim(δx→0)[? (x? +2δx)-? (x? )]/δx-lim(δx→0)[? (x? +δx)-? (x? )]/δx

= 2 lim(δx→0)[? (x? +2δx)-? (x? )]/(2δx)-lim(δx→0)[? (x? +δx)-? (x? )]/δx

= 2? (x? ) - ? '(x? )

= ? (x? )

For 4:

lim(δx→0)[? (x? +δx)-? (x? -2δx)]/δx

= lim(δx→0)[? (x? +δx)-? (x? ) - ? (x? -2δx)+? (x? )]/δx

= lim(δx→0){[? (x? +δx)-? (x? )] - [? (x? -2δx)-? (x? )]}/δx

= lim(δx→0)[? (x? +δx)-? (x? )]/δx-lim(δx→0)[? (x? -2δx)-? (x? )]/(-2δx)? (- 2)

= ? (x? ) + 2? '(x? )

= 3? (x? )

Only ① ③ is correct.