Nationality: Han nationality Date of birth:1June 2, 9651.

Native place: Suizhong County, Liaoning Province

Party member, China.

Height: 168cm

Weight: 65 kg

Family members: wife and son Yang.

Resume:/kloc-0 joined the army in June, 1983, and/kloc-0 graduated from the Eighth Flying Academy of China People's Liberation Army Air Force in 1987. He has served as a pilot and squadron leader of a certain division of the Air Force. He has been flying fighters and other planes 1350 hours, and was rated as a first-class pilot. Now he is a third-class astronaut of China People's Liberation Army Astronaut Brigade. 1996, participated in the astronaut primary election and was shortlisted; 1998 65438+ 10 month, standing out from more than 800 finalists and becoming one of the first astronauts in China; In the preparation stage of Shenzhou 5 manned spacecraft launch, the expert group voted by secret ballot and was selected as the "three-person first flight echelon", and was determined as the chief candidate.

Yang Liwei's voice

Before the expedition, Yang Liwei confided his heart to the soldiers of the whole army when answering a reporter's question at the press conference of Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.

Our reporter asked: what do you want to say to your comrades in the three armed forces through the military newspaper? Yang Liwei: As an astronaut, I am a soldier of the Republic of China first. As a soldier, through so many years of training and education, I believe that in carrying out this task, I will be able to carry forward the glorious tradition and fearless revolutionary spirit of the people's army, obey orders and commands, overcome all difficulties and resolutely complete the task. I also want to thank our comrades-in-arms of the whole army for their encouragement, care and love through the military newspaper, and please rest assured that I will live up to your expectations and add color to our military flag.

"For the peace and progress of mankind, China people came to space!" On the occasion of boarding the Shenzhou 5 manned spacecraft, Yang Liwei, the first astronaut in China manned space flight wearing a spacesuit, wrote this sentence passionately for reporters.

The Chinese are coming, and Yang Liwei is coming! June 65438+10/October 65438+May 9, 2003, with the 38-year-old Lieutenant Colonel astronaut Yang Liwei flying into space in a manned spacecraft designed and manufactured by China, the Chinese dream of thousands of years has finally come true, and China has become the third space power to send astronauts into space after Russia and the United States.

The whole world has remembered the name of a China person-Yang Liwei.

Flying fighter for ten years

On June 2 1 965, Yang Liwei was born into a scholarly family in Suizhong County, Liaoning Province.

Yang Liwei's father was a college student who graduated in the early 1960s. My father became a teacher first, and then he did administrative work in an agricultural and sideline products company in Suizhong County. My mother worked as a Chinese teacher in a middle school in the county until she retired. He also has a sister and a brother. Five people in the family live in harmony and live a comfortable and peaceful life.

"Doing things in a down-to-earth manner and being an honest man" are the requirements of Yang Liwei's parents. As a child, Yang Liwei is smart, quick-witted and has a doll head. When he graduated from primary school, he was admitted to the top class of the county key middle school with excellent results, and participated in the county middle school mathematics competition many times, winning many awards.

1In the summer of 983, 18-year-old Yang Liwei was admitted to the Eighth Flight Academy of the China People's Liberation Army Air Force. During his four years of college life, his academic and training achievements have been excellent.

1987, Yang Liwei graduated from the Flight Academy and became a fighter pilot in a division of the Air Force. With natural intelligence and hard work, he quickly became a top pilot in the division and later became an excellent fighter pilot. 10 years, he flew from north China to northwest, and from northwest to southwest. The blue sky of Wan Li motherland left his vigorous figure.

1in the summer of 992, Yang Liwei's unit came to an airport in Xinjiang to perform training tasks. That day, he was flying eagles at an ultra-low altitude over Lake Aiding in Turpan. Suddenly the plane made a loud noise, and the instrument showed that the cylinder temperature suddenly rose and the engine speed dropped sharply! Yang Liwei understood that he had encountered a serious "air parking" failure, and one of the aircraft engines did not work! At an emergency, Yang Liwei was unusually calm: Be sure to fly the plane back!

He firmly grasped the joystick, slowly closed the throttle, and drove a fighter plane with only one engine, climbing up a little. 500 meters, 1000 meters, 1500 meters, the plane crossed Tianshan Mountain and flew to the airport. Near the runway, the rest of the engines didn't work either. He decisively took emergency landing gear release measures and successfully landed the fighter plane that had completely lost power on the runway.

When he got out of the cabin, his flight suit was soaked with sweat. Comrades gathered around to hug him. The colonel excitedly announced on the spot that he would give Yang Liwei a third-class merit.

The correct handling of this "special situation in the air" shows Yang Liwei's excellent psychological quality.

Stand out from the 800 finalists

1In the early summer of 1996, Yang Liwei, who is 1.68 meters tall and weighs 65 kilograms, was informed that he would go to Qingdao Sanatorium to take part in the physical examination of the astronauts' primary election. After passing the preliminary examination, he was informed to take the clinical examination in Beijing Air Force General Hospital. Yang Liwei was happy and came three days early. The nurse joked with him, "Are you too active?"

Next, he came to the Beijing Institute of Aerospace Medical Engineering to participate in the "special inspection", that is, the inspection of aerospace physiological functions.

Gagarin, the first astronaut in the former Soviet Union who flew into space, once described his participation in the physical examination of astronaut selection: doctors should look for hidden defects in everyone besides checking their health. They use all possible biochemical, physiological, EEG and psychological methods as well as special functional tests for examination. Check us in all kinds of very thin air pressure chambers and rotate us on centrifuges. All this took several weeks and wiped out many companions.

China should also "go through five hurdles and cut six generals" when selecting astronauts. Medical clinical examination should examine dozens of organs of human body one by one. The follow-up examination of spatial physiological function is more demanding, and it needs to rotate quickly on the centrifuge to test the overweight endurance of the subjects in the direction of chest, back and head and basin. Subjects rose to 5000m and10000m respectively in the low-pressure test chamber to test their hypoxia tolerance. The vestibular function of the subject should be checked on the rotating seat and swing. A few months later, there were only a few more than 800 finalists left.

Yang Liwei successfully passed one hurdle after another. The last check he did was "10,000-meter hypoxia and low pressure check". This requires removing oxygen and nitrogen outside the cabin, and then sitting in the cabin simulating the low pressure of 10 thousand meters. When he descended from the simulated height of 10 thousand meters, he thought, "It's all over at last." He felt very relaxed and subconsciously touched his head. As a result, the doctor was nervous. After coming down, ask him, "Are you uncomfortable up there?"

Yang Liwei is the luckiest and the best. His clinical medicine and aerospace physiological function indexes have reached excellent, conquering all the experts in the selection Committee. 1998 65438+ 10, as one of the first astronauts in China, Yang Liwei came to the Beijing Astronaut Training Center with dreams and pursuits.

In the middle of winter, the climate in Beijing is particularly cold, and his heart is warm. He and a dozen other astronauts visited the rocket system, flight system and measurement and control system of China's manned spaceflight project and listened to the lectures of experts. His understanding of the astronaut profession has changed from the initial mystery to profound.

He learned that China had its own missiles, atomic bombs and artificial earth satellites in the decades after the founding of the People's Republic of China, and now it has begun to sprint to manned space flight; Behind him and other Chinese astronauts, there are many unsung heroes who contribute silently. Thousands of troops are holding China's "Shenzhou".

He thinks that China had the dream of the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon in ancient times. For thousands of years, many scholars have written touching poems for this, and thousands of people have made extremely tragic attempts. Now, the flying of the Chinese dream will become a reality with his participation and efforts!

Yang Liwei can't help but feel excited and proud of this!

Strive to climb the "ladder to heaven"

Alexei leonov, a former Soviet astronaut who was selected with Gagarin, once called the training stage of astronauts "a ladder to heaven". His companion Valery Bekowski added: "This is not a short ladder." They are right.

The first step of Yang Liwei's climbing is basic theory training. I have been a pilot for 10 years, and now I am sitting in the classroom again. More than a dozen courses, such as the basis of manned spaceflight engineering, the basis of aerospace medicine, anatomy and physiology, and star recognition, should be learned from the beginning.

When leaving the air force, the teacher who saw him off once said to him, "I have nothing to worry about your health and training." But you may have to face the challenge of learning many new things. "At that time, Yang Liwei didn't care too much about this.

I feel it now. He called the class teacher: "You are right! Now I am doing my homework like a student preparing for the college entrance examination every day. "

Yang Liwei was born unwilling to lag behind. At the thought of his sacred mission, he even forgot to eat and sleep. He recalled: "In the first two years, I didn't sleep before 12 pm."

He used to have a poor foundation in English. In order to remember words and sentences, he calls home from the astronaut apartment every night and asks his wife Zhang Yumei to ask questions on the phone. Over and over again. Later, he actually got 100 in the exam.

The second step, space environment adaptability training. This is a very hard training. Take "Overweight Endurance" training as an example. When the spacecraft returns to earth in ballistic orbit, the overweight value will reach more than a dozen "G", that is, people have to bear the pressure equivalent to more than ten times their own weight. Under normal circumstances, it is easy to cause people to breathe extremely hard or stop, lose their will, and even directly affect their life safety. Yang Liwei must strengthen his overweight endurance through training.

"Centrifuge" training is the most effective form for astronauts to improve their overweight endurance. In the rotunda, Yang Liwei sat in a cylinder with an iron arm more than 8 meters long. During the high-speed rotation of 100 km/h, he should not only practice anti-load movements such as tense abdominal muscles and abdominal breathing, but also answer questions and interpret signals at any time to maintain his agile judgment and reaction ability.

The centrifuge is rotating, and the load is gradually increased from 1 g to 8 g. Yang Liwei's facial muscles begin to deform and sag, and the muscles are pulled down, and his forehead is raised high. The head and basin are too heavy, and his blood presses to the lower limbs, causing cerebral ischemia and dizziness; When his chest and back are overweight, his chest and back are like a boulder weighing hundreds of kilograms, which causes his heart to beat faster and he has difficulty breathing. Every time he trains, he has to pay huge physical exertion.

Yang Liwei is a thoughtful person. He knows that the methods of resisting load taught by teachers rely on personal experience and exploration in practice. Therefore, every time he trains, he consciously practices according to the method of personal experience, communicates with the teacher in time, sums up experience, grasps the strength and frequency of load resistance, and slowly explores the laws and methods, so that this challenging and harsh training gradually becomes easier.

The training of "swivel chair" and "bow down" is also unbearable for ordinary people, but Yang Liwei also did a good job.

On a rest day, when his wife came home, she found him spinning around in the living room alone. She was very surprised and asked, "What are you doing?" He said: "In a couple of days, we will evaluate the swivel chair training. I will stimulate myself first. "

An old expert with high requirements for astronaut training proudly said: "Yang Liwei is the best in swivel chair training. He is my most proud student. "

Similarly, a few days before doing the "bow down" training, Yang Liwei stopped sleeping with a pillow at night. According to him, it is also to "stimulate yourself first."

Other "ladders" include physical training, psychological training, professional and technical training, flight procedure and mission simulation training, life-saving and survival training, and so on. Yang Liwei, with his incomparable love and persistent pursuit of the aerospace industry, is strict with himself and strives for perfection in everything, and his training results have become the best among his peers.

Nothing can affect my training.

Yang Liwei's wife, Zhang Yumei, used to be a middle school teacher. Later, she was specially recruited as an archivist in the army. She is quiet and weak, and her husband sings with her after marriage. In order to support her husband's career, Zhang Yumei undertook all the housework, even when her son was born, which did not delay her husband's work.

My son Yang is in the third grade of primary school. Xiao's biggest hero is his father. When the teacher asked him to write a composition, he took a photo of his father and wrote a poem "The Magnificence of Father". He wrote: "I feel very proud and proud to see my father's selfless dedication and hard training for the aerospace industry of the motherland in the photo." This composition was later published in the school's Composition Guide, and Xiao Kangning also got the manuscript fee of 18 yuan.

In July, 20001year, his wife Zhang Yumei was hospitalized due to illness and needed surgery. Zhang Yumei said: "When I was pushed into the operating room, I was heartbroken to see Yang Liwei's eyes that I had never seen before."

After the operation, Zhang Yumei was so weak that he lay in bed for 24 hours and didn't dare to move at all. However, on the third day after the operation, Yang Liwei will bid farewell to his wife and go to an air base in Jilin to conduct high-altitude flight training for astronauts.

The day before departure, he sat in the chair beside his wife's bed all night, and then returned to the astronaut brigade without hesitation.

The leader of the brigade said, "Your wife is very ill. Are you ... "

Yang Liwei said, "Please rest assured, I have asked my old mother to come and take care of me. Nothing can affect my training. "

Yang Liwei completed this high-altitude flight training cleanly and achieved excellent results again.

The brigade leader told the reporter: "On the one hand, there is a seriously ill wife, and on the other hand, there is intense training. The pressure of Yang Liwei can be imagined. However, his training performance is steadily improving and he is always among the best among his peers. "

Voted as the "chief candidate" by the expert group.

Choose the best among the best, and choose the best among the strong. In the preparatory stage of the launch of Shenzhou 5 manned spacecraft, Yang Liwei was selected as the "Three-person First Flight Echelon" by secret ballot of the expert group, and was honored as the chief candidate for his excellent training achievements and comprehensive quality.

Yang Liwei is committed to intensive training.

Most of the time, he stayed in the "spaceship simulator". Spacecraft simulator is a professional technical training place to simulate the spacecraft environment in equal proportion on the ground and train astronauts in space flight procedures and operations. It is often said that one minute on the stage takes ten years off the stage. It takes tens or even hundreds of hours for the spacecraft to launch into orbit and then adjust its attitude to return to Earth, with thousands of flight program instructions and more than 100 operations. The red and blue indicator lights on the dashboard in the engine room are dense, various lines are criss-crossed, and various facilities and products are scattered. To be familiar with and master them, and be able to carry out various operations and troubleshooting, only through repeated drills.

Yang Liwei found all the equipment diagrams and electrical switch diagrams in the cabin and posted them on the dormitory wall to memorize them at any time. He also used a small camera to record the internal equipment and structure of the cockpit, input it into the computer, and carved a CD for himself to watch in his spare time.

Every training, Yang Liwei's eyes are always so bright, all inspections are always so detailed, and every movement is always in place. He won the praise of the teachers with his earnest spirit and skilled technology. In the final stage of professional and technical examination, the teacher set him many fault traps, which he could quickly find and eliminate. After each assessment, the teacher asked him, "Is there anything wrong with your homework?" He confidently replied: "There is nothing wrong!"

Five normal flight procedure exams, he scored 99 points twice and 0/00 points for three times, ranking first in the comprehensive evaluation of professional technology.

On the eve of the launch, Yang Liwei came to Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center to participate in the joint test drill of "man, ship, arrow and earth".

At this moment, Yang Liwei, who has experienced a lot of trials, is already familiar with the flight procedures and operational procedures of the spacecraft. He confidently told reporters: "Now as soon as I close my eyes, I can think clearly about the positions of all instruments and switches in the cockpit; Name a piece of equipment in the engine room casually, and I can immediately think of its color, position and function; I can recite the operation manual I need to read during the operation. If I encounter special circumstances, I can handle it without reading the manual. "

When the spacecraft is actually launched, about 3 minutes and 20 seconds after takeoff, the "fairing" outside the cockpit will be thrown away according to the procedure. At this time, astronauts can start to see the sky outside the porthole. However, during the exercise, this can only be an imaginary situation and will not actually happen. Therefore, the bosses in the command hall didn't expect the astronauts to react at this time.

The drill is going on, and Yang Liwei in the cockpit of the spacecraft is doing all kinds of prescribed actions meticulously and nervously. Just three minutes and 20 seconds into the program, Yang Liwei's resounding report came from the hall of the command center: "The fairing was thrown away, and I saw the sky outside the window!"

A boss was surprised to ask Su Shuangning, director of the Institute of Aerospace Medical Engineering: "You astronauts are trained so well that you even know this?"

As the commander-in-chief and chief designer of the astronaut system of China's manned spaceflight project, Su Shuangning is proud: "Just kidding, what do you know, can he not understand?" ! "Space round trip, China in five thousand.

Since Gagarin, hundreds of astronauts have traveled in space in various spacecraft. Today, the people of China have leapt into the advanced ranks of the world with their wisdom and courage.

Before the first flight, Yang Liwei's psychology teacher once asked him, "Have you ever thought about what it's like to really fly in a spaceship?"

He smiled and replied, "I think I will be more relaxed than usual." Let me fly in peace! "

Oh, Li Wei! You shoulder the great trust of the Chinese nation and greet the eyes of the whole world with a smile. The Milky Way dances for you, and the morning sun sends you to triumph!