1. Newton's second law: F=ma, which describes the relationship between the force and acceleration of an object and is the basis of classical mechanics.
2. The law of universal gravitation: f = g (m1* m2)/r 2, which describes the gravitation between two objects and is the basis of astrophysics and cosmology.
3. Coulomb's law: F = K * Q 1 * Q2/R 2, which describes the interaction between charges and is the basis of electricity and electromagnetism.
Maxwell's equations: including Gauss's law, Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, Ampere's loop theorem and Maxwell's equations in differential form, which describe the relationship between electric field and magnetic field and are the basis of electromagnetism.
5. Schrodinger equation: It describes the evolution of particle wave function with time in quantum mechanics and is the basis of quantum mechanics.
6. The first law of thermodynamics: δ u = q-w, which describes the principle of energy conservation and is the basis of thermodynamics.
7. The second law of thermodynamics: It is an important principle of thermodynamics to describe the increasing trend and irreversibility of entropy.
8. Wave equation: describes the propagation and properties of waves, such as sound waves and light waves.
9. Hamiltonian equation: It describes the relationship between the total energy and the motion state of the system, and is an important tool of quantum mechanics and classical mechanics.
10. Euler-Lagrange equation: It describes the motion law of the system and is an important tool of classical mechanics and analytical mechanics.