1. Introducing abstract concepts through concrete examples: Teachers can introduce abstract concepts through concrete examples, so that students can understand and master concepts from concrete to abstract. For example, when teaching the concept of "number axis", students can first observe and compare line segments with different lengths, and then guide them to arrange these line segments according to certain rules, thus forming a number axis.
2. Using models and graphics to assist teaching: Models and graphics are effective tools to help students understand abstract concepts. Teachers can use various models and graphics to express abstract concepts, so that students can feel the concepts intuitively through observation and operation. For example, when teaching the concept of "function", students can express the functional relationship by drawing pictures.
3. Guide students to carry out inquiry learning: Inquiry learning is an effective teaching method, which can help students actively explore and discover knowledge. Teachers can design some inquiry questions or tasks to guide students to understand and master abstract concepts through practical operation and thinking.
4. Create situations to stimulate students' interest: interest is the best teacher. Teachers can stimulate students' interest in abstract concepts by creating vivid and interesting situations, thus improving students' enthusiasm and initiative in learning.
In short, in the teaching of basic concepts of mathematics, teachers should adopt various methods and means to help students understand and master abstract concepts from concrete to abstract. At the same time, teachers should also pay attention to cultivating students' thinking ability and innovation ability, so that they can use what they have learned to solve practical problems.