Law of multiple choice questions in college entrance examination mathematics 1, direct method
Directly from the conditions of the topic, apply related concepts, definitions, axioms, theorems, properties, formulas, etc. Use the correct method to solve the problem, draw the correct conclusion through strict reasoning and accurate operation, and then compare the options given in the topic? Sit in the right position? And make corresponding choices. This method is called direct method. It is a basic, important and commonly used method, which generally involves the analysis of concepts and properties or the direct method is often used for simple operations.
Rule 2, Exclusion Method
Starting from the known conditions, by observing, analyzing or reasoning the information provided by each option, the wrong options are eliminated one by one, and the correct conclusion is drawn. This method is called exclusion. When there are multiple conditions, the exclusion method is usually used. First, according to some known conditions, find out the contradictory options and eliminate them. Then, according to other known conditions, find out the contradictory options among the remaining options and eliminate them until the correct option is obtained.
Law three, special case method
According to the specific conditions and characteristics of the topic and each option, the method of choosing a special value, a special set, a special point, a special figure or a special position state that meets the conditions instead of the general conditions of the topic, drawing a special conclusion and testing each option, so as to get a correct judgment is called the special case method. Commonly used special cases include special values, special sequences, special functions, special graphs, special angles, special positions and so on.
Rule 4. A combination of numbers and shapes
The combination of numbers and shapes is to combine abstract mathematical language with intuitive graphics, that is, to organically combine abstract thinking with image thinking. Use form to help numbers? Or? Solve the shape by number? Simplify complex problems and concretize abstract problems, thus optimizing the way to solve problems.
Law five, substitution method
Substitute each multiple-choice item into the question one by one to test, so as to get the correct judgment. That is to say, taking each branch as a condition to verify the proposition, the branch that can make the proposition hold is the answer to be chosen.
Ten problem-solving skills of multiple-choice mathematics questions in college entrance examination: 1. Exclusion method: using the information provided by known conditions and options, three wrong answers are excluded from the four options, so as to achieve the purpose of correct selection. This is a common method, especially when the answer is a fixed value or has a numerical range, special points can be used instead of verification to exclude it.
2. Extra special value test method: For general mathematical problems, the problem can be specialized in the process of solving problems, and the principle that the problem does not hold in special circumstances can be used to achieve the purpose of removing the false and retaining the true.
3. Extreme principle: analyze the problem to be studied to an extreme state, so that the causal relationship becomes more obvious, thus achieving the purpose of solving the problem quickly. Extreme value is mainly used to find extreme value, range and analytic geometry. Many problems with complicated calculation steps and large amount of calculation can be solved instantly through extreme value analysis.
4. Forward deduction method: A method that uses mathematical theorems, formulas, rules, definitions and meanings to get results through direct calculus and reasoning.
5. Reverse verification method (the verification method of substituting the answer into the stem of the question): a method of substituting the option into the stem of the question for verification, thereby denying the wrong option and getting the correct answer.
6. When it is difficult to solve the problem from the front, you can gradually find a qualified conclusion from the options, or draw a conclusion from the opposite side.
7. Number-shape combination method: a method of making a figure or image that conforms to the meaning of the question according to the conditions of the question, and obtaining the answer through simple reasoning or calculation with the help of the intuition of the figure or image. The advantage of the combination of numbers and shapes is intuitive, and you can even measure the result directly with a square.
8. Recursive induction: a method of reasoning through topic conditions, looking for rules, and thus summing up the correct answer.
9. Characteristic analysis method: analyze the characteristics of questions and options, find out the rules, and summarize the methods of correct judgment.
10. Valuation selection method: For some problems, due to the limitation of subject conditions, it is impossible (or unnecessary) to make accurate calculation and judgment. At this time, we can only get the correct judgment method from the surface by means of estimation, observation, analysis, comparison and calculation.