Talking about 3d printing technology-3D printing technology
Abstract: 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, has developed rapidly in recent years and its application fields are increasing day by day. This paper analyzes the principle and application status of 3D printing, and discusses the application mode of 3D printing in the teaching field.
Keywords: 3D printing; Application status; Teaching field
1 Introduction
3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is a rapid prototyping technology, known as? An important symbol of the third industrial revolution? , instead of? Flexible manufacturing? And then what? Save raw materials? Its characteristics set off a wave in the manufacturing industry. In recent years, with the gradual maturity and accuracy of 3D printing technology, the increase of printing materials and the decrease of printing price, 3D printing has developed rapidly and its application fields have been increasing. It is not only widely used in machinery manufacturing, national defense and military industry, architecture and other fields, but also gradually enters the public's field of vision, schools, families, hospitals and other familiar places, and has also been widely concerned and applied in education, biomedical, toys and other industries. As an educator,
2 Overview of 3D printing
2. 1 3D printing principle
3D printing (also known as 3D printing) is a technology to make 3D products by using the designed 3D model and adding materials such as plastic and powder metal layer by layer through a 3D printer [1]. Generally speaking, obtaining articles through 3D printing needs four stages: modeling, segmentation, printing and post-processing [2]. Among them, the 3D virtual model can be obtained by using scanning equipment and generated digitally, and can also be created by using engineering or design software such as AutoCAD. Some applications can even make 3D models with ordinary digital photos, such as 123D Catch[3].
2.2 Advantages of 3D printing
Compared with the traditional manufacturing technology, 3D printing does not need to form or cast the prototype in advance, which greatly shortens the design cycle of the product, reduces the time from research and development to application, reduces the high cost risk that may be brought about by improper mold opening, and makes the modeling of special complex structures relatively simple, and the product can also highlight its personality. In addition, 3D printing is additive manufacturing, which uses metal powder or other materials to manufacture parts from scratch, greatly reducing the consumption of raw materials and energy, and realizing structural optimization in production.
2.3 Application Status of 3D Printing
In recent years, 3D printing has developed rapidly and is applied in almost every field. In the field of mold processing and mechanical manufacturing, 3D printing is used to design and customize molds relatively quickly, print various parts with complex shapes, and print objects with sufficient strength and personalized geometric shapes. In the fields of aerospace, national defense and military industry, 3D printing is applied to shape verification, key parts prototype manufacturing and direct product manufacturing. For example, Airbus began to print small parts of aircraft and gradually developed, and plans to print the whole aircraft around 2050. In the biomedical field, medical workers use 3D printing technology to print out the patient's heart model, mandibular defect model, traumatic intracerebral hematoma brain model and so on. It is used to assist diagnosis and make preoperative operation plan, reduce the difficulty of operation, reduce the operation time and bring accurate treatment to patients. The printing of artificial vertebral body and human tracheal cartilage makes it possible to print human organs in 3D. The prescription drug SPRITAM (levetiracetam) tablets printed in 3D can be used to treat various epilepsy diseases. In the field of building engineering, 3D printed buildings do not need templates, and the printed buildings are light in weight, strong in strength, short in time, recyclable and environmentally friendly. 3D printing is also widely used in the design and production of jewelry, food, toys and daily necessities, which can well show the personalized characteristics and needs of users. There are also breakthroughs in the application of 3D printing in the manufacture of solar panels and special materials.
Application of 3 3D Printing in Teaching Field
The exploratory activities of 3D printing in teaching have also been carried out, and it has been applied in mathematics, aviation, electronics, design, mechanical and electrical engineering, biomedicine, astronomy and other disciplines, and achieved good teaching results. Based on the rapid generation ability of 3D printing, digital models can be quickly transformed into 3D objects. With the help of the generation and use of three-dimensional objects, the teaching effect can be improved and the students' ability of cooperation, design and innovation can be cultivated.
3. 1 Printing 3D teaching AIDS and learning AIDS for teaching.
In the course teaching, with the help of multimedia teaching methods, some abstract images can be displayed relatively intuitively, but these images are aimed at groups and form temporary visual feelings, which are not very impressive and difficult to understand. With the help of 3D printing, digital images can be transformed into real teaching AIDS and learning tools, and every student has the opportunity to feel it with his own hands, or design and plan it himself, which will undoubtedly greatly promote the understanding, mastery and application of knowledge. For example, in math class, you can print solid objects such as geometric surfaces and sections; Animation design can print out 3D models of people and animals, and can be modified in time according to the actual effect. Chinese classes can print out the areas to be explained, such as hutongs in Beijing. Students can use the model to understand the characteristics of hutong, experience hutong culture and tell the ins and outs of hutong. Mechanical manufacturing course can print related parts, gears, connecting rods and so on according to the course content.
3.2 Auxiliary innovative design in the process of practice
There are many practical teaching activities in vocational schools, such as fitter practice, CNC machine tool practice, electronics and electrician practice, animation design, Internet of Things design and so on. These all need the help of the corresponding model to design a certain model. With the help of 3D printing, students can have a general understanding of the model to be designed, and then through the process of group discussion, design and modification, they can not only increase their learning interest, promote their interactive and collaborative learning, but also improve their design level, thinking ability and practical ability. For example, in the mold design practice, project-based teaching method is adopted, 3D printing is applied, and students design and print in groups. After witnessing the process of printing and forming their own design parts and finished products, students' interest in learning has greatly increased, and the process of discussing and modifying many times has also greatly improved their design level. In the practice of CAD course, using 3D printer can design teaching content according to teaching needs, and evaluate and assemble students' design works through 3D printing, which not only enables students to master the basic ideas and processes of designing software modeling, but also has a clear understanding of how to generate concrete objects from design works, which is conducive to students' further study and development in the future.
3.3 Employment and Entrepreneurship Guidance
In recent years, the number of college graduates has increased dramatically, the employment pressure has increased, the state has vigorously advocated college students' entrepreneurship, and the whole society has also set off a wave of self-employment. For vocational school students, they have certain professional knowledge, strong hands-on operation ability and entrepreneurial enthusiasm and passion. Entrepreneurial tutors can use 3D printing equipment to guide students to set up creative design 3D printing studios, use their professional knowledge to design related products and print and sell them, and also provide DIY services for social customers, and charge certain training fees and production fees. On the basis of school-enterprise cooperation, they can also provide design and 3D printing services for cooperative enterprises. Through the above-mentioned entrepreneurial practice activities of 3D printing, students can consolidate their professional knowledge, understand the design process, and cultivate their awareness and ability of innovation and entrepreneurship.
3.4 Library applications
Introducing 3D printing service into the library is the way for the library to move from literature service to innovative service. Many foreign libraries carry out 3D printing services. Domestic comprehensive libraries, such as Shanghai Library and Suzhou Library, also provide 3D printing services. The library of Shanghai Jiaotong University in colleges and universities also carries out 3D printing service, and actively promotes this service by holding a 3D printing design competition. Popularize the knowledge of 3D printing through the contest, let students understand the cutting-edge technology of 3D printing, and inspire students to find and solve problems with innovative thinking. School libraries can be equipped with one or two 3D printers. On the basis of ensuring health and safety, we should fully consider the cost, submission steps, waiting time and screening time, formulate detailed 3D printing systems or policies, encourage students to print original works, give full play to their professional expertise, and stimulate their creativity and imagination.
4 conclusion
3D printing is moving from industrial field to various application fields. In the near future, it will also enter our society and every family like computers, mobile phones and the Internet. Educators should actively use this new technology to promote the innovation of teaching mode and teaching activities, better improve teaching quality and teaching effect, and improve students' practical ability and innovation level.
refer to
[1] Zhang Feixiang. Research on the development status and business model of 3D printing technology [J]. News communication, 20 16 (2): 5 1-53.
Li Qing, Wang Qing. 3D printing-a new learning technology [J]. Journal of Distance Education 20 13 (4): 29-35.
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