Liberal arts, the full name of humanities and social sciences, is a discipline that takes politics, economy and culture unique to human society as its research object. Compared with liberal arts, science refers to mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, earth science, geography and other disciplines related to formal science (mathematical logic) and natural science, which are different from engineering and engineering.

Free art originated from art in English. In some education systems, not all students study the same subjects, so there are some subjects (such as arts and sciences in middle schools), and liberal arts refers to a large class of subjects. However, in different education systems, the subjects included in liberal arts may be different.

Mathematics is usually classified as a formal science, which is different from natural science in physics, chemistry, biology and other disciplines, because natural science is an organized knowledge theory, which follows a set of methods from observation or experiment, making assumptions, making predictions and testing assumptions. Generally, it is called "mathematics and natural science" in western terminology.

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In Chinese mainland's higher education, liberal arts include language, literature, history, philosophy, psychology, sociology, education, art and communication. Some disciplines have interdisciplinary elements, such as cognitive psychology, an important branch of psychology, which belongs to science. The Ministry of Education divides disciplines into four categories: liberal arts, finance and economics, politics and law, science and engineering, and agriculture and medicine.

Each discipline has an education department under the Higher Education Department of the Ministry of Education, which is responsible for managing the affairs of the discipline. In China's college entrance examination, there are science candidates and liberal arts candidates. The subjects that liberal arts candidates need to study are Chinese, foreign languages, mathematics (literature, history and philosophy), politics, history and geography. Middle schools in most parts of China are divided into liberal arts classes and science classes in senior two, that is, the liberal arts division system, which is connected with the college entrance examination.

In Taiwan Province Province, ordinary high schools are divided into arts and sciences from the second academic year, that is, social groups and natural groups, and so are the subject courses of comprehensive high schools, social and natural courses.

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