algebra

A is a branch of mathematics, which can be roughly divided into elementary algebra and abstract algebra.

Elementary algebra refers to the equation theory developed before the first half of19th century. It mainly studies whether an equation [group] is solvable, how to find all the roots (including approximate roots) of the equation, and what properties the roots of the equation have.

French mathematician Galois [181-1832] applied the idea of "group" in1832, which completely solved the possibility of solving algebraic equations with roots. He was the first mathematician who put forward the concept of "group" and is generally called the founder of modern algebra. He changed algebra from the science of solving equations to the science of studying algebraic operation structure, that is, he pushed algebra from elementary algebra to abstract algebra, that is, modern algebra.

Abstract algebra has an important influence on all modern mathematics and other scientific fields. Abstract algebra is developing with the development and application of various branch theories in mathematics. Following the work of boekhoff, von Neumann, kantorovich and Si Tong in 1933- 1938, lattice theory established its position in algebra. Since the mid-1940s, as a generalization of linear algebra, modular theory has been further developed and exerted a far-reaching influence. New fields such as universal algebra, homology algebra and category have also been established and developed.

Mathematicians in China began to study abstract algebra in 1930s. Significant and important achievements have been made in many aspects, especially the work of Ceng Jiong Zhi, Hua and Zhou Weiliang.