1, rational number is a common number in our life. They are the general names of integers and fractions, including integers, positive integers, negative integers, zero-sum positive fractions and negative fractions. These numbers can all be expressed by finite numbers, such as 1, -2, 3, -4, 5/2, -7/3 and so on.
2. Integer is the most basic rational number type. Integers, including positive integers, zero and negative integers, are widely used in daily life. Such as age, number, etc. Can be represented by integers. In addition to integers, fractions are also an important part of rational numbers. A fraction is obtained by dividing two integers and can be used to represent a part of the whole.
3. irrational numbers. Irrational number refers to an infinitely circulating decimal, such as √2, π, etc. These numbers can't be expressed by finite numbers, and their fractional parts are infinite. For example, √2 is an infinite acyclic decimal with a value of about1.41421356. The decimal part of this number has been circulating the six numbers 42 1356, and there will be no other numbers.
4. Irrational numbers play a very important role in mathematics. For example, Pythagorean theorem is a famous mathematical theorem, which shows that the sum of the squares of two right angles of a right triangle is equal to the square of the hypotenuse. This hypotenuse is √2, which is an irrational number. In addition, pi is also an irrational number, which is widely used to calculate the circumference and area of a circle.
On the origin of mathematics
1, the origin of mathematics: the origin of mathematics can be traced back to prehistoric times. People began to realize the concept of quantity and learned to count simply. The earliest mathematical concepts can be traced back to the ancient Egyptians and Babylonians in 3000 BC. The ancient Egyptians invented a counting system based on 10, while the ancient Babylonians used a counting system based on 60.
2. Development of ancient mathematics: The development of ancient mathematics mainly occurred in several different civilizations. In ancient Greece, Pythagoras, Euclid, Archimedes and other mathematicians made great contributions to mathematics. Pythagoras put forward Pythagorean Theorem (Pythagorean Theorem), and Euclid wrote Elements of Geometry, which is one of the foundations of western mathematics.
3. Development of Middle Ages and Modern Mathematics: In the Middle Ages, European scholars began to re-examine ancient mathematics and made new progress. They translated and studied the mathematical works of ancient Greece, ancient India and ancient China, from which they learned many new ideas and methods. These ideas and methods provide an important foundation for the development of modern mathematics in Europe.