The universe was born in a big bang 65.438+038 billion years ago, which has become the standard answer of the modern theory of the birth of the universe. Although there are different opinions, the evidence that the Big Bang theory can be confirmed by modern astronomical observation is quite sufficient. Of course, what we are struggling with today is not the origin of the big bang theory, but the singularity of the big bang. It is said that the universe was born in the Big Bang. What kind of world was it before the singularity?

From the Big Bang to the Singularity!

Since Galileo's Star Messenger, human's view of the universe has entered a new height. Copernicus' Heliocentrism was sublimated under Galileo's telescope, and Newton summed up the law of gravity on the basis of Kepler and Galileo, which made the sky full of stars have mutual ties! Newton once thought that the size of the universe was infinite, and his reason was simple:

According to modern cosmology, this view is correct, but the argument is wrong. Newton's infinite conclusion is the result of rational thinking and overcomes his fear of nature! Of course, there is another person besides Newton who has evaluated the age of the universe:

Olbers thinks that there are countless stars in the universe, so there will be countless lights reaching the earth, and the earth will be as bright as day without night, but this is not the case, because the universe has not existed long enough, and the starlight in Newton's infinite universe has not reached the earth, so the universe must have an age!

Although it is based on Newton's erroneous argument of infinite cosmology, Olbers has inferred the age of the universe, and it has to be said that Olbers has a good brain! But these are all guesses, and there is no evidence. Here we give a man who can deduce the fate of the universe from his formula.

In Einstein's general theory of relativity published in 19 16, there is a "universal equation" describing the space-time state of the universe. This is the well-known gravitational field equation, from Newton's formula of universal gravitation to the shape and destiny of the universe.

1922, Friedman assumed that the matter in the universe was evenly distributed, and found out three possible shapes of the universe, but most of them were dynamic. Then Hubble observation proved that the universe was expanding, thus inferring that the universe was once in a quite dense state.

After discovering the microwave background radiation predicted by the Big Bang, the Big Bang theory began to occupy the whole world. Hawking was inspired by the black hole singularity theory, and then put forward the big bang singularity theory. The universe begins with a dense high-temperature singularity, which contains the matter, time and space of the whole universe! This is the whole story from Newton's infinite cosmology to Hawking's singularity theory.

What does the singularity contain?

Above, we have explained that the singularity at the beginning of the universe contains the matter, time and space of the whole universe, which seems difficult to understand. Singularity contains all matter, but it can also contain time and space, which is incredible. Do you have to explain?

The starting point of a black hole and the starting point of the universe are places where the laws of physics fail, but we can still try to understand things beyond the singularity:

The essence of general relativity is to explain the source of gravity for Newton, and the most direct thing is to explain the precession of mercury. Because mercury runs in the curved space-time of the sun, Newton's gravity can't calculate momentum, which shows that the space-time view of general relativity is correct and mass bends space-time. Please pay attention to time and space, not just space! When this mass reaches the singularity of the black hole, an event horizon will appear! We all know that it is the absolute sphere of influence of black holes.

So what will happen to time and space when the matter of the whole universe is compressed into a singularity? To tell the truth, it is impossible to speculate, but space appears at the singularity with time and mass. It seems that this problem can be considered from the perspective of physics.

What was before the singularity?

Hawking did not explain the origin of the singularity, because from the infinite expansion that tore the universe, we could not infer what the universe looked like before its birth. The law of causality has reached the original origin, and where this origin came from, we don't know at all, because it was before the birth of the universe, and the historical source of all substances in our universe can only be traced back to the moment of birth!

Of course, if the future of the universe tends to shrink after expanding to a certain moment, then we can infer what the past of the universe looks like, because such cosmology supports a circular universe, that is, the universe expands to a certain moment, then contracts, and finally starts with collapse, triggering another big explosion, recreating a new universe, and so on!

At this time, we can tell you that the singularity is the last universe, so does the future development trend of our universe support this view? It doesn't seem to work. There are several arguments:

Simply put, the universe doesn't even mean to shrink again. But simply tell everyone that all the future will tend to expand infinitely. The universe seems to be one-off, and there is no meaning of going around! So we can tell you that no one can know what the singularity used to be! Is that an answer? In fact, there are many such answers in astronomy, and the boundary where we find the answer is also an answer!

A cubic centimeter singularity (not defined as matter, because scientists say that there was no matter, no time, no space and no matter at that time) has infinite mass ... and a planet with an infinite universe ... is very big. The temperature was too high ... high ... and created a physical universe, which was 65.438+0.37 billion years ago. That's interesting. That's good.

It turns out that there is no industrial and commercial registration before the singularity and beyond the edge of the universe, so even matter is regarded as nothingness ... haha!

HarmonyOS system universe, from the beginning of human birth to today, has obtained an eternal truth from heritage or records and word of mouth. That is, the process of everything from occurrence to development to end is inseparable from several stages. That is the initial stage, the rising stage, the slight decline stage and the extinction stage. I believe that the occurrence and development of the universe are ultimately inseparable from this law.

The so-called singularity is the invisible particle of a huge black hole that you can't touch. It is so small that it has no volume, but the neglected point has infinite mass, infinite pressure and infinite temperature.

But the question is, what is the previous singularity, that is, what is its origin and where did it come from? This is back to the current theory of cosmic expansion! Personally, I insist on the statement at the beginning of this article, that is, the singularity is the initial stage of the universe, the Big Bang is now the rising stage, and the expansion speed of the universe will change from the current rising acceleration to the peak of acceleration, that is, the peak stage. After the peak stage, it will gradually slow down, that is to say, it will slow down until it stops expanding, and then it will shrink and collapse until it returns to the original point, which is what we call singularity. This is the solution to the problem.

Seeing this, you probably know what was before the singularity, right? Don't spray it if you don't agree. It's best to explain your point of view, because there is no absolute truth in the world. The so-called truth is temporary and relative and can't stand scrutiny. Only by combining theory with practice can we see it. But this question may or may not be right for a while.

According to the big bang theory, the universe started from a singularity, which can be said to be the beginning of the universe. Because time, space and matter are all born of singularities, which are the beginning of time and the beginning of the universe.

Time starts from the singularity, which means that the singularity is not before, because "before" is also a concept of time. Of course, "singularity" does not come out of thin air. Although there is no singularity before, there is also the question of where the singularity comes from. Before answering this question, I want to make it clear. That is to say, if I answer where the singularity comes from, or what is the singularity "before", it will inevitably lead to a new question: Where does this "what" come from? Or what was "before"? So on and so on, endless. So the conventional answer to this question can't satisfy this kind of question. It can't solve the problem fundamentally.

The answer of quantum mechanics to this question is that the singularity "before" is a quantum vacuum state, which accumulates a lot of energy. Occasionally, quantum fluctuations rise and fall, and singularities erupt, resulting in the universe.

BIGBANG's "singularity" is a singularity with infinite density and infinite curvature of spacetime (i.e. no volume and no time). Others say that its mass is infinite and its temperature is infinitely high. The matter and energy of the whole universe are gathered at a point that only appears in mathematics. Why can everyone accept such a view that does not talk about "reason"? The fundamental reason is that this singularity comes from the field equation of Einstein's general relativity. If we put aside general relativity and Einstein, can people still accept such a "point"?

Let's understand this singularity in a different way. If this singularity is a "hole" or "empty" without any mass and density, energy and temperature (and certainly no volume and time), does it make sense? It is the objective reality (physical property) that does not exist in time and space that created the universe through this "hole". This singularity is just a channel or a method. The material energy that is really used to produce the whole universe is not in singularity or anywhere. This is just the existence of a physical property, which is the origin of the world. If you don't admit this, there is nothing to talk about.

This physical property doesn't have to start from a certain moment because of quantum fluctuation, but it has been going on all the time. The universe is 65.438+0.382 billion years old for our time and space, but it is not necessarily 65.438+0.382 billion years old for the time and space we can't set foot in now. After all, we are all observing the space and age of the universe around our earth.

Lao Tzu said long ago: one life two, two lives three …

BIGBANG at the singularity is a concentrated point. It's like putting a Grenade (dot) in the dark universe, which is extremely powerful. When it spontaneously ignited, it exploded the whole universe. Numerous galaxy series have been formed, and hundreds of billions of cosmic worlds are unknown.

Before exploring the singularity, human scientists curiously asked: Who put this Grenade (singularity)?

Is it natural formation or spiritual placement? This goes back to the old road of "chicken or egg first". Which comes first, the universe or the singularity? This is the confrontation between the materialist world outlook and the idealist world outlook.

Hawking has answered this question well, that is, we can't apply the existing causal view of human beings to the origin of the universe.

According to the current mainstream cosmology theory, our universe originated from the Singularity Big Bang in1380.2 billion years.

Note that this singularity and the singularity in the center of the black hole are both one-dimensional points with infinitely small volume and infinite density.

Unlike the singularity at the center of a black hole, the singularity of the Big Bang does not exist in time and space, but the curvature of time and space exists in the latter, because both time and space are products of the Big Bang.

Throughout the history of human science development, it is not difficult to see that all theories are based on the observation of individual natural phenomena, and then a number of "single" phenomena are summarized into universal laws.

We will use induction to create natural phenomena and even things that are difficult to take the initiative to form. This is the essence of invention. This truth is what Marx said: science is from special to general, and then the general law is used to guide the special process.

In the process of inducing phenomena, one of the most commonly used means of human beings is the law of causality.

For example, when Newton saw the apple fall to the ground, he would ask: Why did it fall downward instead of floating into the sky? So gravity is induced.

People who get scurvy will die. Doctors with scientific spirit will ask why scurvy occurs, and they will know the existence of vitamin C only in the process of exploring the reasons.

It can be said that human scientific achievements are based on curiosity, and curiosity is based on human innate preference for causality.

The concept of causality has been tried and tested in the history of human development. It seems that everything that exists has its own cause.

Hegel, a German classical philosopher, once praised the view of cause and effect with the assertion that "being is reasonable".

Even if an incomprehensible thing exists, there must be a reason for its existence, but we don't know it for the time being.

Finally, when mankind explained the origin of the universe with such a causal view, the causal view actually failed! Human beings are extremely frightened at this time, and always move out of God's role of "breaking" the law of cause and effect to deal with it. In fact, this is completely an act of stealing the bell, which is not helpful for a deep understanding of the law of cause and effect, even a cowardly act in front of the universe.

We know that the universe came from the Big Bang, so we will ask where the singularity came from. What is the reason for the existence of singularities?

Even if we understand that the reason why the singularity exists is A, then the causal view will force us to continue to ask: What is the reason why A exists?

By analogy, problems emerge one after another.

I think when you were young, everyone asked your little friend why you did it. Even if the little friend answers perfectly with reason Y, you will further ask him why Y is like this!

This is also Schopenhauer's "On the Four Roots of Sufficient Reasons" to express the causality of things.

In fact, human beings can understand this problem from another angle, that is, don't always cling to singularity, but question whether the transcendental view of cause and effect is really impeccable.

Is the causal view caused by the limitation of human consciousness?

What was the universe we lived in before the singularity?

We know that the infinite universe has never started. It has neither a beginning nor an end, so it always has a beginning, right?

The answer is no, this is a local and small-scale cognition that human beings change things from beginning to end. On a large scale, it has no beginning or end, it is always changing. This change is the essence of the universe, and it will never end.

So where did the universe come from? So many people ask? What about the beginning of this singularity?

Singularity is the beginning of small-scale changes in the universe. Can't explain the whole universe, can only say that this is a nebula change, a galaxy change process.

What we see is the Milky Way, a cloud-like nebula, full of beauty and countless colors. It rotates around a center and shrinks smaller and smaller, which is caused by the huge gravity at the center of the nebula and shrinks to a limit. This limit is not a singularity, but a hot and infinitely high-temperature substance. This substance has a certain volume, which is related to the gravity of this shrinking nebula.

We know the principles of physics. When an object is compressed to the limit, it will release a lot of heat, which will produce infinite expansion. This kind of expansion is intense, and it will release energy in a very short time, and it will blow the object to pieces, and it will fly in all directions. This process is the reconstruction of nebulae and the formation of new galaxies. A new galaxy was born.

This galaxy is small for the big universe, but it is too big for human beings confined in this universe and will never be accessible.

Man's knowledge is limited to the space in which he lives. Everything he can see is beyond human imagination and ability.

According to the big bang theory, the singularity appeared before the universe. During the operation of the universe, the center gradually produces dense substances, which will attract the surrounding galaxies when reaching a great mass. The center mass will become larger and larger, and all galaxies from the center to the periphery will be absorbed. Because of its huge mass, it produces huge gravity and compresses matter into a sphere with extremely high density. This is the singularity. Where else does the matter in the universe come from? The law of immortality of matter tells us that matter cannot be created out of nothing. So before the singularity is the universe.

An ant, it has its own feelings and experiences about storms and lightning in nature, and also has different understandings about the world. In essence, people are no different from ants. It's just that humans see farther and deeper. What human beings can know and understand is only some phenomena in the universe. It is impossible for human beings to see the whole universe, let alone explore its mysteries. Humans can only describe the world by their own cognition. Although this description is not true and accurate. Humans are also exploring along this line of thinking. In this way, people's understanding can be closer to the real image of the universe.