Su Yu 1902 was born in a mountain village in Pingyang County, Zhejiang Province in September. Although the family is poor, his parents scrimp and save, and they have to work hard to pay for his education. When he was in junior high school, he was not interested in mathematics. He thinks mathematics is too simple, and he will understand it as soon as he learns it. It can be measured that a later math class influenced his life.
That was when Su was in the third grade. He was studying in No.60 Middle School in Zhejiang Province. Teacher Yang teaches mathematics. He has just returned from studying in Tokyo. In the first class, Mr. Yang didn't talk about math, but told stories. He said: "In today's world, the law of the jungle, the world powers rely on their ships to build guns and gain benefits, and all want to eat and carve up China. The danger of China's national subjugation and extinction is imminent, so we must revitalize science, develop industry and save the nation. Every student here has a responsibility to' rise and fall in the world'. " He quoted and described the great role of mathematics in the development of modern science and technology. The last sentence of this class is: "In order to save the country and survive, we must revitalize science. Mathematics is the pioneer of science. In order to develop science, we must learn math well. "I don't know how many lessons Sue took in her life, but this lesson will never be forgotten.
Teacher Yang's class deeply touched him and injected new stimulants into his mind. Reading is not only to get rid of personal difficulties, but to save the suffering people in China; Reading is not only to find a way out for individuals, but to seek a new life for the Chinese nation. That night, Sue tossed and turned and stayed up all night. Under the influence of Teacher Yang, Su's interest shifted from literature to mathematics, and since then, she has set the motto "Never forget to save the country when reading, and never forget to save the country when reading". I am fascinated by mathematics. No matter it is the heat of winter or the snowy night in first frost, Sue only knows reading, thinking, solving problems and calculating, and has worked out tens of thousands of math exercises in four years. Now Wenzhou No.1 Middle School (that is, the provincial No.10 Middle School at that time) still treasures a Su's geometry exercise book, which is written with a brush and has fine workmanship. When I graduated from high school, my grades in all subjects were above 90.
/kloc-At the age of 0/7, Su went to Japan to study, and won the first place in Tokyo Technical School, where she studied eagerly. The belief of winning glory for our country drove Su to enter the field of mathematics research earlier. At the same time, he has written more than 30 papers, and made great achievements in differential geometry, and obtained the doctor of science degree in 193 1. Before receiving her doctorate, Su was a lecturer in the Department of Mathematics of Imperial University of Japan. Just as a Japanese university was preparing to hire him as an associate professor with a high salary, Su decided to return to China to teach with his ancestors. After the professor of Zhejiang University returned to Suzhou, his life was very hard. In the face of difficulties, Su's answer is, "Suffering is nothing, I am willing, because I have chosen the right road, which is a patriotic and bright road!" "
This is the patriotism of the older generation of mathematicians.
The epitaph of a mathematician
Some mathematicians devoted themselves to mathematics before their death, and after their death, they carved symbols representing their life achievements on tombstones.
Archimedes, an ancient Greek scholar, died at the hands of Roman enemy soldiers who attacked Sicily. ), people carved the figure of the ball in the cylinder on his tombstone to commemorate his discovery that the volume and surface area of the ball are two-thirds of that of the circumscribed cylinder. After discovering the regular practice of regular heptagon, German mathematician Gauss gave up the original intention of studying literature, devoted himself to mathematics, and even made many great contributions to mathematics. Even in his will, he suggested building a tombstone with a regular 17 prism as the base.
/kloc-Rudolph, a German mathematician in the 6th century, spent his whole life calculating pi to 35 decimal places, which was later called Rudolph number. After his death, someone else carved this number on his tombstone. Jacques Bernoulli, a Swiss mathematician, studied the spiral (known as the thread of life) before his death. After his death, a logarithmic spiral was carved on the tombstone, and the inscription also said, "Although I have changed, I am the same as before." This is a pun, which not only describes the spiral nature, but also symbolizes his love for mathematics.
Zu Chongzhi (AD 429-500) was born in Laiyuan County, Hebei Province during the Northern and Southern Dynasties. He read many books on astronomy and mathematics since childhood, studied hard and practiced hard, and finally made him an outstanding mathematician and astronomer in ancient China.
Zu Chongzhi's outstanding achievement in mathematics is about the calculation of pi. Before the Qin and Han Dynasties, people used "the diameter of three weeks a week" as pi, which was called "Gubi". Later, it was found that the error of Gubi was too large, and the pi should be "the diameter of a circle is greater than the diameter of three weeks". However, there are different opinions on how much is left. Until the Three Kingdoms period, Liu Hui put forward a scientific method to calculate pi-"secant" which approximated the circumference of a circle with the circumference inscribed by a regular polygon. Liu Hui calculated the circle inscribed with a 96-sided polygon and got π=3. 14, and pointed out that the more sides inscribed with a regular polygon, the more accurate the π value obtained. On the basis of predecessors' achievements, Zu Chongzhi devoted himself to research and repeated calculations. It is found that π is between 3. 14 15926 and 3. 14 15927, and the approximate value in the form of π fraction is obtained as the reduction rate and density rate, where the six decimal places are 3. 14 1929. There's no way to check now. If he tries to find it according to Liu Hui's secant method, he must work out 16384 polygons inscribed in the circle. How much time and labor it takes! It is obvious that his perseverance and wisdom in academic research are admirable. It has been more than 1000 years since foreign mathematicians obtained the same result in the secrecy rate calculated by Zu Chongzhi. In order to commemorate Zu Chongzhi's outstanding contribution, some mathematicians abroad suggested that π = be called "ancestral rate".
Zu Chongzhi exhibited famous works at that time and insisted on seeking truth from facts. He compared and analyzed a large number of materials calculated by himself, found serious mistakes in the past calendars, and dared to improve them. At the age of 33, he successfully compiled the Daming Calendar, which opened a new era in calendar history.
Zu Chongzhi and his son Zuxuan (also a famous mathematician in China) solved the calculation of the volume of a sphere with ingenious methods. They adopted a principle at that time: "If the power supply potential is the same, the products should not be different." That is to say, two solids located between two parallel planes are cut by any plane parallel to these two planes. If the areas of two sections are always equal, then the volumes of two solids are equal. This principle is based on the following points. But it was discovered by Karl Marx more than 1000 years after Zu's father. In order to commemorate the great contribution of grandfather and son in discovering this principle, everyone also called it the "ancestor principle". The works of Italian scientist Maria Gaetana Agnesi (17 18 ~ 1799) in natural science and philosophy have opened up a complete academic world.
Born in 17 18, Aniezer was regarded as a genius since he was a child. In her family gatherings, she always talks about a wide range of topics such as logic, machinery, chemistry, botany, zoology, mineralogy and analytic geometry. At the age of 9, she published a long speech convincingly advocating women's right to receive higher education. Although she spoke in Latin, she answered the audience in the local dialect. 1 1 years old, she is proficient in Latin, French, Greek, German, Hebrew and Spanish, including her native language Italian.
Hannuzet is modest and introverted by nature. After 1738, she didn't want to attend the party at home, but joined the monastery and devoted her life to the poor. Agnezer's father persuaded her to continue her research. Since then, she has lived an isolated life and devoted herself to the study of mathematics.
In the next fourteen years, Hannuzet focused on the field of mathematics and wrote some admirable works. Her lecture on analysis is a classic work with more than 1000 pages, including the original discoveries from algebra to calculus and differential equations. Because of her works, Hannuzet's name is often put together with the bell curve (also called "Hannuzet Witch", the equation is). Because of its mathematical properties and its application in physics, this curve has aroused the interest of mathematicians.
Hannuzet's book was called "the best and most complete work in this field" by French Academy of Sciences, and Pope Benedict XIV awarded her a gold medal in recognition of her outstanding contribution in mathematics. 1750, Agnez was appointed as the head of the Department of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy at the University of Bologna. However, she only accepted their honorary title.
175 1 year, Agnes was at the peak of her mathematics career, but she suddenly stopped all research in mathematics and science. She took care of her father until he died on 1752, and then took care of and educated her twenty brothers and sisters. After that, she devoted the rest of her life to charity and became the director of 177 1
Euler was born in the Swiss city of Basel in 1707. At the age of 13, he went to university of basel to study under the careful guidance of the most famous mathematician at that time (John johann bernoulli, 1667- 1748).
Euler's profound knowledge, endless creative energy and unprecedented rich works are amazing! He published papers from the age of 19 to the age of 76, and has written countless books and papers for more than half a century. Up to now, Euler's name can be seen in almost every mathematical field, from Euler line of elementary geometry, euler theorem of polyhedron, Euler transformation formula of solid analytic geometry, Euler solution of quartic equation to Euler function in number theory, Euler equation of differential equation, Euler constant of series theory and Euler equation of variational method. Euler formula of complex variable function, etc. , is countless. His contribution to mathematical analysis is even more original. Introduction to infinitesimal analysis is his epoch-making masterpiece, and mathematicians call him "the embodiment of analysis" at that time.
Euler is the most prolific outstanding mathematician in the history of science. According to statistics, * * * has written 886 books and papers in his tireless life, of which 40% is analysis, algebra and number theory, 18% is geometry, 28% is physics and mechanics, 1 1% is astronomy, as well as ballistics and navigation.
The amazing productivity of Euler's works is not accidental. He can work in any harsh environment. He often holds his children on his knees to finish his papers, regardless of their noise. His indomitable perseverance and tireless academic spirit made him blind, and he didn't stop studying mathematics. During the 17 years after his blindness, he also dictated several books and about 400 papers. Gauss (1777- 1855), a great mathematician in the 9th century, once said, "Studying Euler's works is always the best way to understand mathematics."
Euler's father Paul Euler is also a mathematician. He wants little Euler to study theology and teach him a little at the same time. Because of his talent and unusual diligence, he got johann bernoulli's appreciation and special guidance. When he was 19 years old, he wrote a paper on masts and won a prize from the Paris Academy of Sciences. His father no longer opposed him to study mathematics. Resources:
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