Subject: Mathematicians
Invention: Goldbach guessed the first person.
Chen Jingrun (1933.5~ 1996.3) is a modern mathematician in China. 1933 was born in Fuzhou, Fujian on May 22nd. 1953 graduated from the Mathematics Department of Xiamen University. Because he improved a result of the problem, Hua attached great importance to it. He was transferred to the Institute of Mathematics of China Academy of Sciences. He was first an internship researcher and assistant researcher, then promoted to a researcher, and was elected as a member of the Department of Mathematical Physics of China Academy of Sciences. Chen Jingrun is one of the world famous analytic number theorists. In the 1950s, he made important improvements on the existing results of Gauss circle lattice point problem, sphere lattice point problem, Tali problem and Waring problem. After 1960s, he made extensive and in-depth research on screening methods and related important issues.
2. Hua (1910.1.12-1985.6.12) is a native of Jintan District, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province.
World famous mathematician, academician of China Academy of Sciences, foreign academician of American National Academy of Sciences, academician of Third World Academy of Sciences, academician of Bavarian Academy of Sciences of the Federal Republic of Germany. Member of the 1st-6th the NPC Standing Committee of China.
He is the founder and pioneer of China's analytic number theory, matrix geometry, gauge group, automorphic function theory and multivariate complex function theory. He is also one of China's most influential mathematicians in the world and is listed as one of the 88 great mathematicians in Chicago Science and Technology Museum. The international mathematical research achievements named after Fahrenheit include Fahrenheit Theorem, Fahrenheit Inequality and Hua-Wang Method.
3. Descartes, (1596- 1650), a French philosopher, mathematician and physicist, was one of the founders of analytic geometry.
He believes that mathematics is the theory and model of all other sciences, and puts forward a methodology based on mathematics and centered on deduction, which is a philosophy left to future generations. The development of mathematics and natural science has played a great role.
Descartes analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of geometry and algebra, and showed that he wanted to find a method that included the advantages of these two sciences without their disadvantages. This method is to study the geometric problem-analytic geometry by algebraic method. Geometry confirmed Descartes' position in the history of mathematics, and geometry put forward the main ideas and methods of analytic geometry, marking the birth of analytic geometry. Sigmund called it a turning point in mathematics, and later mankind entered the stage of variable mathematics.
4. Su (1902.09.23 ~ 2003.03.17),
Academician of China Academy of Sciences, an outstanding mathematician in China, is known as the king of mathematics, and is also known as the "Three Kings of Pingyang" with chess king Xie Xiaxun and news king Ma Xingye.
Mainly engaged in differential geometry and computational geometry. Outstanding achievements have been made in the research of affine differential geometry and projective differential geometry, and in general spatial differential geometry, yoke theory in high-dimensional space, geometric shape design, computer-aided geometric design and so on. He was an academician of China Academy of Sciences, a member of several sessions of China People's Political Consultative Conference, a deputy to the National People's Congress, a member of the 5th and 6th the NPC Standing Committee, a vice-chairman of the 7th and 8th China People's Political Consultative Conference, a vice-chairman of NLD Central Committee, a director of the Department of Mathematics of Zhejiang University, and a president of Fudan University. 1978 won the National Science Conference Award.
5. Qiu Chengtong: American modern mathematician, winner of Fields Prize and Wolf Prize.
Qiu Chengtong is considered as one of the most influential mathematicians in the contemporary era. His work profoundly changed and greatly expanded the role of partial differential equations in differential geometry, and influenced many fields of mathematics and physics such as topology, algebraic geometry, representation theory and general relativity.
6. Li, formerly known as Li, whose real name is Qiu Xian and alias Ren Shu. Born on181165438+122 October and died on1882 65438+9 February in Haining, Zhejiang.
He is a famous mathematician, astronomer, mechanic and botanist in modern China. He founded the power series expansion of quadratic square root, and studied the power series expansion of various trigonometric functions, inverse trigonometric functions and logarithmic functions (now called "power sum formula of natural numbers"), which was the most significant achievement of Li and China's mathematics in the19th century.
7. Xiong Qinglai (1893.09.1~1969.02.03), a native of Xizai Village, Maitreya City, Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, was a pioneer of modern mathematics in China and one of the main pioneers of China's function theory. Xiong qinglai mainly engaged in the research of function theory, and defined an "infinite order function", which is called "Xiong's infinite number" internationally. Xiong Qinglai has made great achievements in the field of "Functionalism". 1932 first represented China at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Zurich, Switzerland. 1934, his thesis "On Integral Functions and Meromorphic Functions of Infinite Order" was published, which enabled him to obtain a French national doctorate and became the first China person to obtain this degree. In this paper, Xiong Qinglai's definition of "infinite order function", internationally known as "Xiong's infinite number", has been recorded in the history of world mathematics, which has established his position in the international mathematics field.
8. Chen Shengshen is an important differential geometer in the 20th century, and is known as the "father of differential geometry".
As early as 1940s, Chen Shengshen combined the methods of differential geometry and topology, and completed two epoch-making important works: the Gauss-Bonne general form of Riemannian manifold and the indicator theory of Hermite manifold. He first applied the concept of fiber bundle to the study of differential geometry and introduced Chen's characteristic class (Chen's class for short). It provides an indispensable tool for large-scale differential geometry. Some concepts, methods and tools he introduced have gone far beyond the scope of differential geometry and topology and become an important part of modern mathematics.
9. Wu Wenjun, born in Shanghai on May 2009 19 12, is a mathematician from Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, an academician of China Academy of Sciences, a researcher at the Institute of Mathematics and Systems Science of China Academy of Sciences, and an honorary director of the Institute of Systems Science.
Professor Wu Wenjun's mathematical research activities can be divided into two periods, involving several fields of mathematics. He has made great contributions to algebraic topology and machine proof, and has far-reaching influence on mathematical research. 1947 to 1970s, he mainly studied algebraic topology, and his contributions mainly included two aspects:
1) indicator class research
Through the Grassmann manifold, this paper systematically discusses the demonstrative classes introduced in different ways by Steefel of Switzerland, Whitney of the United States, Pontrogakin of the Soviet Union and Chen Shengshen in the 1930s, determines the names, probes into the corresponding relations, and applies them to the construction of manifolds. The homology class he introduced was later called Wu's demonstrative class in the literature, and his two formulas containing topological invariance and homotopy invariance were later called Wu's formula. Because of their fundamental importance, these results are widely used in many problems, such as Dold in Germany in the 1950s, Hirzebruch in Germany in the 1960s, Novikov in the Soviet Union, Bott and Milnor in the United States, and so on.
2) Demonstrate the research of embedded classes.
He introduced a general construction method with homotopy topological invariants, and systematically applied it to the embedding problem, introduced the complex shape embedding class, and studied the immersion problem and the homotopy problem in the same way, and introduced similar immersion classes and trace classes. Haefiger of Switzerland listened to his lecture on the above-mentioned embedded classes in 1958, and extended the embedding problem in 196 1, thus becoming a major topology expert in Switzerland. Smale of the United States applied his work to Poincare conjecture with dimension greater than 4, and won the Fields Prize for it. Later, he applied the results of embedding class to the circuit routing problem, and gave a new criterion for judging the planarity of linear graphs, which was completely different from the previous criterion in nature, especially computable.
10 Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss (C.F. Gauss,1April 30, 777-1February 23, 855), male, a famous German mathematician, physicist, astronomer and geodetic scientist. Gauss is regarded as one of the most important mathematicians in history and has the reputation of "prince of mathematics".
Born in Brunswick, 1792 entered Collegium, where he independently discovered the general form of binomial theorem, "quadratic reciprocity law" in number theory, prime number theorem and arithmetic geometric average. 1795, Gauss entered the University of G? ttingen, 1796, and he got a very important achievement in the history of mathematics, that is, the theory and method of drawing a regular 17-sided ruler. 1855 died on February 23rd. Gauss has a great influence in history, and can be juxtaposed with Archimedes, Newton and Euler.