Jia Xian
Jia Xiou, an outstanding mathematician in the Northern Song Dynasty in ancient China, wrote Nine Chapters of Arithmetic Fine Grass of the Yellow Emperor (nine volumes) and Arithmetic Ancient Collection (two volumes), both of which have been lost.
His main contribution is to create the "Jiaxian Triangle" and the multiplication and division method, that is, the positive root method for finding the higher power. At present, the principle and procedure of mixed division in middle school mathematics are similar to this, while the method of multiplication and multiplication is neat, simple and more programmed than the traditional method, so it is especially advantageous to use it to open higher powers. This method was put forward more than 700 years before the conclusion of European mathematician Horner.
Qin
Qin (about 1202- 126 1), a native of Anyue, Sichuan, was an official in Hubei, Anhui, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and was exiled to Meizhou (now Meixian, Guangdong) about 126 1 year ago. Shu Shu Jiu Zhang was written in 1247. The book consists of 18 volumes and 8 1 questions, which are divided into nine categories. His most important mathematical achievements-"total derivation" (first congruence group solution) and "extraction of positive and negative roots" (numerical value of higher order equation
Ye Li
Ye Li (1 192- 1279), formerly known as Li Zhi, was born in Luancheng, Jin Dynasty. He used to be the governor of Zhou Jun (now Yuxian County, Henan Province). Zhou Jun was attacked by the Mongols in 1232, and went to study in seclusion, and was later hired by Kublai Khan of Yuan Shizu. Its main purpose is to explain the method of arranging equations by celestial elements. "Tianyuan" is similar to the method of arranging equations in modern algebra, that is, "setting Tianyuan as a certain" is equivalent to "setting X as a certain", which can be said to be an attempt of symbolic algebra. Ye Li also has another mathematical work Yi Gu Yan Duan (1259), which also explains the astronomical phenomena.
Zhu Shijie
Zhu Shijie (1300 or so), whose real name is Han Qing, lives in Yanshan (now near Beijing), "has traveled around the lake and sea with famous mathematicians for more than 20 years" and "gathered scholars by following the door" ("Mo Ruo and Zu Yi: The Preface of Philip Burkart Meeting"). Zhu Shijie's representative works of mathematics include The Enlightenment of Arithmetic (65438+). It influenced the development of mathematics in Korea and Japan. The encounter of thinking of source is another symbol of the peak of mathematics in China Song and Yuan Dynasties, among which the most outstanding mathematical creations are thinking of source (the formulation and elimination of multivariate higher-order equations), superposition (the summation of higher-order arithmetic progression) and seeking difference (the interpolation of higher-order).
Chungchi Tsu
Zu Chongzhi (AD 429-500) was born in Laiyuan County, Hebei Province. He was an outstanding scientist in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. He is not only a mathematician, but also familiar with astronomical calendar, mechanical manufacturing, music and other fields, and he is also an astronomer.
Zu Chongzhi's main achievement in mathematics is the calculation of pi, and his formula for finding the root of pi (3. 14 159260) is proved by using the area relation of geometric figures in Sunrise Note. The method used by astronomers in the Han Dynasty to measure the height and distance of the sun is called gravitational difference technique.
Hua
Hua, a modern mathematician in China, was born in Jintan, Jiangsu Province on June, 20021912. June 1985 died in Tokyo. 1924 After graduating from junior high school in June, he published an article on 1930, which attracted the attention of experts. He was invited to work in Tsinghua University and began to study number theory. 1934, became a researcher of China Education and Culture Foundation. 1936 went to Cambridge University as a visiting scholar. /kloc-returned to China in 0/938. He was hired as a professor at Southwest United University. 1946 was invited by the Institute of Advanced Studies in Princeton, Soviet Union as a researcher and taught at Princeton University. He is a professor at the University of Illinois, 1948.
1924 graduated from Jintan middle school and taught in Tsinghua University after 1930. 1936 Visiting and studying in Cambridge University, UK. 1938 became a professor in The National SouthWest Associated University after returning to China. /kloc-went to the United States in 0/946, and worked as a researcher at Princeton Institute of Mathematics, Princeton University and the University of Illinois. In the 1940s, he returned to China from 1950, solved the historical problem of Gaussian complete trigonometric sum estimation, and obtained the best error order estimation (this result is widely used in number theory). The results of G.H. Hardy and J.E. Littlewood on the Welling problem and E. Wright on the Tully problem have been greatly improved and are still the best records.
In algebra, the basic theorem of one-dimensional projective geometry left over from history for a long time is proved. This paper gives a simple and direct proof that the normal child of an object must be contained in its center, which is the so-called Cartier-Bourgeois-Hua theorem. His monograph "On Prime Numbers of Pile Foundations" systematically summarizes, develops and perfects Hardy and Littlewood's circle method, vinogradov's triangle sum estimation method and his own method. Its main achievements are still in the leading position in the world after more than 40 years of publication, and have been translated into Russia, Hungary, Japan and Germany. It has become one of the classic works of number theory in the 20th century. His monograph "Harmonic Analysis of Several Typical Domains of Complex Variables" gives the complete orthogonal system of typical domains by using accurate analysis and matrix techniques and combining with group representation theory, thus giving the expressions of Cauchy and Poisson kernel. This work has a wide and in-depth impact on harmonic analysis, complex analysis and differential equations, and won the first prize of China Natural Science Award. It advocates the development of applied mathematics and computers. He has published many books, such as Master Planning Method and Optimality Research, which have been popularized and applied in China. He cooperated with Professor Wang Yuan in the applied research of modern number theory method, and achieved important results, which is called "Hua Wang Fa". He made great contributions to the development of mathematics education and the popularization of science. He has published more than 200 research papers and dozens of monographs and popular science works.
Jingrun Chen
Mathematician, Academician of China Academy of Sciences. 1933 was born in Fuzhou, Fujian on May 22nd. 1953 graduated from Xiamen University.
Mathematics department. From 65438 to 0957, he entered the Institute of Mathematics of China Academy of Sciences and studied number theory under the guidance of Professor Hua. He has been a researcher at the Institute of Mathematics of China Academy of Sciences, a member of the academic committee of the Institute, a professor at Guiyang University for Nationalities, Henan University, Qingdao University, Huazhong University of Science and Technology and Fujian Normal University, a member of the Mathematics Discipline Group of the State Science and Technology Commission, and the editor-in-chief of Mathematics Quarterly. Mainly engaged in the research of analytic number theory. He has made international leading achievements in the research of Goldbach conjecture. This achievement is called "Chen Theorem" internationally and is widely cited. This work won him the first prize of National Natural Science 1978 together with Professor Wang Yuan and Professor Pan Chengdong. Later, the above theorem was improved, and at the beginning of 1979, the paper "Minimum Prime Number in arithmetic progression" was completed. The minimum prime number was pushed from 80 to 16, which was well received by the international mathematics community. The close relationship between combinatorial mathematics and modern economic management, scientific experiments, cutting-edge technology and human life has also been studied. He has published more than 70 research papers, including "Interesting Talks on Mathematics" and "Combinatorial Mathematics".