Albert. Einstein was the greatest physicist in the 20th century.
He has made contributions in many fields of physics, such as studying capillary phenomenon, expounding Brownian motion, establishing special relativity and extending it to general relativity, putting forward the quantum concept of light, fully explaining photoelectric effect, radiation process and specific heat of solids with quantum theory, and developing quantum statistics.
And won the Nobel Prize in Physics at 192 1.
Albert. When Einstein was born, his head was big and out of proportion to his body. Especially the back of the head is not only big, but also angular.
If ordinary parents worry about whether their children are deformed, what about Albert's father Herman? Einstein said, "That may be because there is too much wisdom in his head!" " "In short, it is full of his expectations for children.
In a blink of an eye, Einstein was 2 years old, but he couldn't start babbling like most children. He was withdrawn and silent, which made people suspicious. People think of that abnormal head shape again, and dare not think any more: "Will this child be dumb or demented?"
Little Einstein is almost three years old and can't speak yet.
His mother Pauline said to her husband, "Dear, didn't you say that our son's big head is full of wisdom?" But he is too old to talk, so what's on his mind! "
However, the father still has confidence in the big-headed son. He said, "Although he said he lived late. When he can talk, he will never stop talking! "
At this time, although Einstein could not speak, his ears were extremely sensitive to music.
Once, my mother played the piano in her garden. While she was playing hard, she suddenly noticed a noise behind her. She turned around and found little Einstein leaning his big head and listening to her attentively. Besides, she was obviously fascinated by it.
She patted Einstein on the head with a smile: "My lovely baby, see you happy. Do you understand? "
Next, whenever his mother sits in front of the piano and plays the works of some famous composers such as Beethoven, he will sit quietly next to her and listen quietly.
In his early years, he learned that music can not only express his inner feelings, but also paint the blue sea and soft moonlight like a brush. This is really great.
After observing again and again, my mother thought that "Big Head Son" must have a musical talent, so she invited one of the best violinists in the city, Einstein's family music teacher, to teach him to play the violin.
Einstein made little progress, but he worked very hard.
Gradually, he can play some fragments of Mozart's works intermittently.
Little Einstein entered the world of music without speaking. No one knows what he saw in this world, but one thing is certain, that is, he found what he wanted.
However, things didn't develop as my father hoped.
Little Einstein didn't speak until he was almost four years old, and he didn't "talk forever" as his father expected.
On the contrary, he is silent all day.
Little Einstein finally spoke, which gradually relieved Mrs. Pauline's hanging heart.
But this taciturn child consciously avoids his peers, never plays with other children, and often hides in a quiet place to meditate.
Mother spends as much time as possible communicating with little Einstein.
The purpose of this is to pull him out of the closed world and promote the development of his language.
As long as her son can speak his mind, she can help him.
However, when Einstein grew up a little, his personality was also very strange. He never plays with children his own age.
When Einstein was five years old, his parents hired a tutor for him.
In the first class, Einstein probably found that he would lose his free personal world, lost his temper again and threw a chair at the teacher as a sign of * * *.
To this end, Einstein's parents had to immediately end the first education that had not yet begun.
One day, Einstein and his wife came back from a trip. When they opened the gate, they were surprised: there was a model building in the yard! There is almost no difference between the style of the model and the real building, which is simply the condensation of the real building!
A closer look shows that this miniature building is all made of small pieces of waste wood.
Moreover, those small pieces of wood bite each other and strive to be uniform, as if they were made by a middle school student who knows geometry and mechanics.
They don't believe this is the masterpiece of little Einstein.
Father asked little Einstein, "Son, who was here just now?" .
Little Einstein said, "Nobody came.
I don't want anyone to bother me! "
Mom pointed to the building model and asked, "So who built this small building?"
Little Einstein said without looking up, "Of course I made it!"
Mother picked up little Einstein and kissed him all her life.
This incident made her more convinced that Einstein Jr. was not as stupid as he appeared, but an exceptionally clever child.
Fortunately, Einstein's "uniqueness" was not discriminated as heresy by his parents, which made it possible for Einstein to grow into a great physicist.
This is worth learning from many parents in China.
In Einstein's childhood, there is another thing worth mentioning.
One night, as soon as Mr. Herman came home from work, he shouted to Einstein's room, "Albert, come and see what dad bought you!" " "
Einstein, who was concentrating on practicing the piano, heard the word "gift" and immediately ran out of the room in high spirits.
I saw my father take out a paper box from his bag and open it slowly and carefully.
Einstein took it curiously and saw a round thing like a big pocket watch inside.
It's just that there are four letters N, S, E and W written around this "big pocket watch", and there are even scales.
The bigger difference between it and a pocket watch is that it has only one pointer and keeps swinging from side to side.
"What is this? Is it a watch? However, there seems to be something on it. " Einstein asked his father in surprise.
"Let me tell you, it's not a watch, it's used for timing. With this thing, you can know the direction. It's used to determine the direction." Father patiently became a commentator.
When Einstein found the compass so magical, his eyes began to shine.
Now, the wonderful function of this compass has made Einstein fondle admiringly.
He kept shaking with a compass. No matter how he shakes it, the needle always points in one direction-north.
"Why does the pointer always point to the north?" Einstein looked at the magic compass as if talking to himself.
"This is because the earth we live in has magnetism, which leads the magnetic needle to the north." After listening to Einstein, my father patiently explained.
"Where is this magnetic force?"
"It can be said that the whole earth is everywhere."
Later, for several days in a row, Einstein often held the small compass in his hand and couldn't speak.
He kept trying to turn it over or turn it slowly, but no matter what he did, the little pointer always pointed north.
He knows that this is the invisible earth's magnetic field at work.
He wants to feel the earth's magnetic field with that little pointer, which still points to the north, but he doesn't feel anything himself.
One day, Einstein finally couldn't help asking Uncle Jacob, because Uncle Jacob was not only a college student, but also an engineer.
"Uncle Jacob, can you tell me more about the magnetic field?" He raised his little face and his eyes were full of curiosity.
"Albert, you are so young, why do you ask this question?" Uncle Jacob thought it was a little strange.
Einstein carefully took the compass out of his arms and asked, "I can't see the magnetic field, and I can't touch it."
So how does it make the pointer of the compass point to the north? "
Uncle Jacob felt a little embarrassed about Einstein's question, because he didn't know much about the earth's magnetic field, so he had to say, "I don't know how to answer this question at the moment, or I don't know how to say it before you can understand."
You are still young. You'll understand when you go to middle school and college.
To tell the truth, many problems are also being studied by adults. "
"Then-the magnetic field is invisible and scratching. How do we humans know and determine its existence? " Einstein had no choice but to take a step back and ask.
"It exists.
Isn't the pointer in the compass a good proof? In fact, many things in the world are invisible to us, but they do exist.
For example, the gravitational field, which we call the gravitational field on earth, also exists like the magnetic field.
When we throw something into the air, it falls back to the ground, because of the gravity field. "
Einstein still didn't quite understand, but he subconsciously felt that his uncle was right, so he nodded seriously.
Uncle Jacob said to Einstein, "There are certain laws behind all natural phenomena in the world.
The world is ruled by these invisible but certain laws.
Although we can't see it, we can find it and understand it. "
"They are like gods, aren't they?"
Uncle Jacob smiled and said, "A little.
But these are two different things. "
Einstein is looking forward to growing up as soon as possible, so that he can figure out the reasons behind some things.
Einstein was often lost in thought.
Uncle Jacob is very happy. He believes that this ordinary and sacred curiosity is the necessary driving force for Einstein's growth!
Einstein was always absent-minded when he was at school, and he always wanted to finish class quickly so that he could return to his vast world quickly.
Einstein's performance, of course, will not be liked by teachers, so in the eyes of most teachers, Einstein is not a good student because he is neither disciplined nor absorbed all day, and no one can figure out what he is thinking.
Mr. Herman ran to school for his son to go to school, and the director of the school's discipline department was responsible for receiving Herman.
Looking at the frosty face of the director, Herman asked cautiously, "According to my son's personality, what kind of career should I pursue in the future?"
I didn't expect the dean to be rude: "Don't ask, no matter what your son does, he will accomplish nothing." After that, he gave Einstein's father a contemptuous look, lowered his head and began to do his own thing.
Father stood there at a loss and felt very uncomfortable. He doesn't know what to say or do.
After a while, the director looked up again and introduced all Einstein's "bad" performances at school to Herman, saying that all the teachers thought Einstein was withdrawn and boring, and accused him of being "undisciplined, absent-minded and fond of dreaming" and so on.
"Prejudice, all this is caused by prejudice.
My son Albert. Einstein is a good boy! "Herman said bitterly in my mind.
Later Einstein was ordered to drop out of school because he was addicted to self-study.
The father still insisted, "My son, Albert? Einstein is a good boy! "
Think about it. Einstein couldn't speak until he was 4 years old. He has been eccentric and even a little slow since he was a child. His grades in primary school were not good, so he was ordered to drop out of middle school. In the eyes of ordinary people, is this a stupid child? However, Einstein's parents discovered his superhuman musical talent and valuable spirit of exploration with appreciation, which opened the door to a broad life for him.
Einstein succeeded, but everything depends on the success of parents' education first.
Newton, a great British physicist.
166 1 year, studying at Trinity College, Cambridge University.
1669, became a professor of mathematics at Cambridge University at the age of 27.
1672 was elected as a member of the Royal Society.
From 1685 to 1687, with the encouragement and sponsorship of astronomer Harley, Newton published the famous mathematical principles of natural philosophy, completed the historic discovery-the laws of motion and gravity, and made great contributions to the development of modern natural science.
1703 was elected president of the royal society.
Newton made great contributions not only to mechanics, but also to other aspects.
In mathematics, he discovered binomial theorem and founded calculus. In optics, the dispersion experiment of solar light was carried out, which proved that white light is composed of monochromatic light, studied the theory of color, and invented the reflecting telescope.
But it is such a great Newton who was called a "bookworm" when he was a child.
If it weren't for grandma, mom and uncle's appreciation, he might always be a silly child.
Newton went to primary school at the age of five. At that time, the primary school was private, with the nature of private schools, and it was a pointer education.
The school invited two teachers, a man and a woman, to teach the children grammar and arithmetic respectively.
Children who are slightly disobedient or can't answer questions will be beaten.
Especially the male teacher in black robe, like a priest, has a serious face, no expression when he speaks, and is easy to get angry. The pointer beats on the platform.
All the children are afraid. They get nervous as soon as they attend his class.
Newton was most afraid of taking his class. He was afraid to listen to his roar and the sound of the pointer hitting the podium, so he kept his head down and didn't dare to look at him.
The more so, the more called up to answer questions.
That day, it was the first arithmetic class for freshmen. The teacher kept beating the table with a thick pointer to curb these hairy children who had just entered school.
"Isaac? Newton, you stand up and answer, how much is one plus two? "
Grandma usually teaches Newton elementary arithmetic, and when making small boxes and tables, she will also encounter simple addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Newton thought such a question was too simple.
However, he is too introverted, rarely socializes with people and talks less. He has never stood up to speak in front of so many people, so he can't help but get nervous.
I forgot how to answer when I was in a hurry. I was tongue-tied for a moment and finally got a "two". I immediately heard a burst of laughter, followed by the "scratching" pointer slapping the table.
Newton replied trembling, "yes ... yes, three."
"Is it two or three?"
"Such a simple question can't be answered. What are you going to learn?
Come here and stand with your face that way. "The teacher waved the pointer, while coming, took Newton, let him stand at the edge of the platform as a punishment.
Suddenly, Newton felt blood gushing up like fire, and his face turned red in an instant.
The sense of humiliation and inferiority stung Newton's young mind like sharp thorns.
Newton's lips trembled and he couldn't say a word.
The tears in Newton's eyes couldn't stop falling. He felt very wronged, but he heard the teacher's ridicule: "Oh, why are you so cowardly?" It's no use crying so easily. " Then many male students echoed their voices.
After this incident, Newton was very nervous in every class, and the teacher didn't understand anything, so every time he answered the question, he was tongue-tied and the teacher couldn't understand.
Almost all the questions about Newton ended with Newton being scolded loudly or clapping his hands.
Such a school environment makes him hate going to school more and more. The less he wants to go to school, the worse his grades are. The worse his grades are, the more he is reprimanded by his teachers and laughed at by his classmates.
Newton is often classified as an underachiever.
Although people are very concerned and sympathetic to the poor child, students often discriminate against him, and some even bully him.
Newton didn't know how many sarcastic words he heard at school and how many punches he was punched by his classmates.
The students also gave Newton a nickname: idiot! Some naughty children often make fun of him and play practical jokes.
Newton's lonely and introverted character was originally a shortcoming, but combined with his infinite love for nature, the shortcoming became an advantage-he always had the desire to explore the mysteries of nature.
Newton's happiest time was after school.
At this time, he can do whatever he wants without thinking, saying or doing according to other people's regulations.
Only then is he free.
Sometimes he doesn't even put down his schoolbag, but goes directly to the trees by the river to enjoy nature and daydream.
Sometimes as soon as he entered the room, he dropped his schoolbag and began to do his beloved carpentry.
As he grew older, what he did became more complicated.
From making imitative things such as small tables, stools and boxes to gradually making something with a sense of design.
Although Newton didn't study hard at school, little Newton was good at observation and design.
Therefore, at home, especially in his small room, all kinds of small things have devoted his efforts and wisdom.
Perhaps because of his frequent observation of natural phenomena and his love of meditation, his little head is full of all kinds of fantasies and novelties.
So, as soon as he had a new idea, he began to turn it into reality.
I don't know where he got some tools: a small saw, a small hammer, a small screwdriver, a small plane … and made a small toolbox.
On a whim, he moved these things out, including many boards, battens, nails, wire and so on. , make things all over the floor, sometimes grandma doesn't even have room to walk, and little Newton is lying on the ground, silent, working hard and devoted.
In this way, Newton didn't learn anything at school after entering school, but he explored a lot of knowledge that he couldn't learn by making it himself.
In the eyes of teachers and classmates, Newton was "stupid", but in grandma's heart, he was an extremely clever child.
/kloc-when he was 0/4 years old, his mother planned to let Newton drop out of school and help him make a living at home.
However, Newton, who loved learning, did not put his mind on farming. He has been thinking about his own problems.
He is absent-minded at work every day, so that he makes many jokes.
Once, he led a horse along the road, and the horse untied the reins and ran back to the stable, but Newton was completely ignorant, still absorbed in his own problems, and kept holding the empty rope in his hand.
On another occasion, Newton rode on a particularly steep hillside, and he had to jump off his horse and lead the horse up the slope.
When he and his horse passed the top of the slope, Newton forgot to get on the horse again and walked all the way home.
Whenever he has time, Newton reads in his arms. At the head of the field, under the tree and on the grass, Newton forgot everything as soon as he read a book. He has no idea that there are other things to do. Sometimes chickens and sheep go to the fields to eat crops, and he doesn't know it.
Sometimes, his mother tells him to go to the market with his servants so that he can get familiar with the market situation and the art of bargaining. However, every time he approached the town, Newton begged his servant to go to the town alone to make a deal. He hid behind a small bush to study, and the servant called him as soon as he turned around.
Sometimes, after the servant completes the transaction, he can't find anyone else anywhere, and he doesn't know where to hide, so he has to go home alone.
Newton was addicted to reading until he was hungry or lost sight in the dark, and he didn't remember to go home.
One day, Newton's uncle became suspicious and followed Newton to the listed town to see what he was doing.
He found his nephew lying on the grass with his legs stretched out, still absorbed in studying a mathematical problem, just like a knowledgeable scholar studying his own problem-indeed, Newton can be called a scholar compared with children of the same age.
Once when Newton was grazing, he drove the sheep to a meadow outside the village and let them eat grass. He was lying on the grass, holding a thick math book in his arms and reading attentively.
Newton was completely immersed in the kingdom of mathematics, and it was almost noon before he knew it.
At this time, Newton's uncle William as a priest? Ayscough happened to go to his house and passed by.
Ayscough saw the sheep running around, and Newton came over angrily, regardless of whether he was lying on the grass.
He shouted Newton's name and clenched his fist to teach Newton a lesson for his sister.
Newton, on the other hand, seemed to be absorbed in reading as if nothing had happened.
Although my uncle had walked beside him, he didn't notice it.
My uncle said angrily, "Newton! You are still sleeping in, and the sheep have run away. " Hearing his uncle's cry, Newton quickly turned around, put down his book, got up sideways, patted his head and chased the scattered sheep ... At this time, Ayscough found the thick math book on the grass.
My uncle suddenly realized that Newton was studying a math book! He looked up at Newton's distant back and remembered his sister's letter about Newton. At this time, he was not only angry, but also moved by Newton's fighting spirit.
Instead of blaming Newton, he ran to help Newton gather the scattered sheep together and then went home with him.
1658 In September, a few days before the death of British protector Cromwell, a rare storm hit the British Isles. The river overflowed, the trees struggled desperately in the storm, and the branches were scattered in the wind like hair blown away by the wind.
Trees can't stand, let alone people.
The doors and windows trembled and creaked in the strong wind.
When the wind just started, Hannah was afraid that the latch of the warehouse would not be fastened properly and the wind would blow it open, so she told Newton to close the door.
However, I have been out for a long time, why haven't I come back yet? What did he do? Hannah waited for him to come back in fear.
The wind is as tight as a gust of wind, and the rain is rushing down.
Hannah was really worried. She put on her raincoat, wrapped her shoulders and rushed to the warehouse.
When she saw Newton, she was shocked: he was soaked, so Newton jumped around in the storm, marking where he landed every time.
Isaac, Isaac, what are you doing? Hannah cried eagerly, rushed forward and took her son's hand and ran to the warehouse.
She is worried that her son will go crazy.
Newton followed his mother into the room, wiped the water dripping from his hair and face with his hand, and said happily, "Mom, I'm doing an experiment!" " "
Hannah looked at her son lovingly and asked, "What experiment?"
"I'm measuring the wind.
I'll see how big the difference is between jumping with the wind and jumping against the wind, and then I can work out how big the wind is. "Newton said.
Although Hannah doesn't know how to calculate the wind in this way, she knows that her son is fascinated by what he is studying.
Through Newton's "experiment in the storm", Hannah realized more clearly that it was really wrong to let Newton go home to help him do farm work and become an excellent farmer in the future.
Because Newton was completely fascinated by study and research, he had no interest in farm work.
Although he does not refuse housework and farm work, the conflict between his spiritual interest and doing farm work is becoming more and more fierce.
Indeed, if we continue to force such a child who is eager for reading and research to do farm work, it may really turn him into a madman!
From these examples, we can see that Newton was energetic and creative when he was young, and he was good at conceiving, experimenting and operating, which laid the foundation for him to attach importance to experiments and despise unfounded assumptions and utopian style.
Newton's mother gradually realized that her son was not a farmer.
Therefore, my mother and uncle had to reconsider Newton's future.
Newton's uncle sees things more clearly. He suggested that his sister send Newton to school. Newton was probably not a vulgar country boy. His performance is different and he may become a special person. Don't delay your child's future here.
Newton went to school again.
If Newton's mother and uncle didn't think about it, if they didn't value Newton's research spirit, maybe there would never be a great scientific Newton in the world, only a failed farmer Newton! So genius is appreciated. How can there be a genius without appreciation?
There are many examples like this. ...