1, what is an abacus? Answer: Abacus is a method of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division with abacus as a calculation tool. 2. What is mental arithmetic? Answer: The mind is a method of calculating results by listening to or looking at numbers without using pens and calculation tools. 3. What is abacus mental arithmetic? A: In layman's terms, mental arithmetic means doing it in your head. Mental abacus calculation is based on abacus calculation, which completely internalizes the operation process of abacus calculation, thus completely separating from the actual external action of abacus calculation. With this internalized "mental abacus" (also called "virtual abacus"), it is the method of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division in the brain. 4. What's the difference between abacus mental arithmetic and other mental arithmetic? Answer: Other mental arithmetic processes are based on the concept of symbol number (mainly Arabic numerals), which is a symbol processing process without the support of visual images, so the "internalization" process is incomplete, which affects the speed and accuracy of calculation. Abacus mental arithmetic takes full advantage of the unity of abstraction and concreteness of symbols. Through programmed language-operation mode and repeated practice, it exerts the integration effect of human brain thinking, gradually gets rid of the limitations of physical actions such as actual abacus operation, and achieves a high degree of internalization, forming a special operation mode in which the internal processing mechanism of its operation process is different from that of ordinary mental arithmetic, that is, completely internalized abacus mental arithmetic. 5. What is the expression of mental arithmetic? A: The expression of mental abacus is a kind of "Esperanto". When the "Pearl Image" 3 appears, it becomes the "Pearl Image" 4, which is understood by China people, Malays, Indians and people of other races. As an educational tool, numbers are incomparable. Abacus mental arithmetic is a logical thinking with physical images, which accords with children's psychological characteristics. Abacus mental arithmetic is consistent with people's thinking order from a high position. The mental operation of "virtual abacus" is a remarkable feature of abacus mental arithmetic, which enables students to form excellent brain thinking function in the brain. Abacus mental arithmetic is a catalyst to promote people's development from low-frequency thinking to high-frequency thinking. 6. What are the characteristics of abacus mental arithmetic? A: Abacus mental arithmetic itself has the characteristics of grouping calculation, which undoubtedly helps children who have difficulty in calculating large numbers to master the concept of logarithm and overcome the phenomenon of children counting one by one. Abacus mental arithmetic has the characteristics of "five liters decimal system", which greatly reduces the carrying difficulty. Abacus mental arithmetic has the characteristics of operation model, which is helpful to improve children's computing ability. The operation of abacus mental arithmetic is a collaborative process of various sensory organs and motor organs, which requires the close cooperation of eyes, ears and mouth. So as to promote the development of the corresponding parts of the cerebral cortex closely connected with it and improve the intelligence level of children. 7. What is the relationship between abacus mental arithmetic and mathematics? A: abacus mental arithmetic is inseparable from mathematics. Abacus mental arithmetic is a unique computing system based on mathematical principles, using abacus as a tool and using abacus to represent numbers. Mathematics is an abstract thinking activity, and it is difficult to learn mathematics because of poor abstract thinking ability in childhood. Integrating abacus mental arithmetic into primary school mathematics is conducive to solving the problem of difficult mathematics learning in the enlightenment stage. In the current primary school mathematics textbooks, the tedious calculation process wastes a lot of time for primary school students. Practice shows that abacus mental arithmetic saves about 50% of thinking and division saves about 70% of thinking. Multiplication and division operations pay special attention to the simplification of "genes". Numbers and beads are symbols. Abacus mental arithmetic has only three symbols, namely 1, 5, 0; Mathematics has 10 symbols, namely 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. It can be seen that abacus mental arithmetic is simple to operate. The intuitive model function of abacus mental arithmetic can cultivate children's mathematical concept ability, and the analytical model function of abacus mental arithmetic can help children understand the structural relationship and quantitative relationship of application problems and improve their problem-solving ability. 8. What is the operation process of abacus mental arithmetic? Answer: In abacus mental arithmetic, symbols are input and symbols are output. This process is actually a comprehensive process of observation, attention, memory and thinking, and it is also the result of the synergistic effect of sensory and motor organs such as mouth, eyes and hands. Both abacus mental arithmetic and mathematics adopt decimal calculation method, and abacus mental arithmetic only adds a "five-liter system" that plays a regulating role. The operation is based on addition and subtraction within 20, multiplication and division in the table, and some laws and properties in the four operations are applicable. The process of mental abacus calculation is completed through the comprehensive application of logical thinking, image thinking and inspiration thinking, which can effectively promote the development of the overall function of the brain. 9. Do you want to use formulas in abacus mental arithmetic teaching? A: Should formulas be used in abacus mental arithmetic teaching? Do you want to use mathematical concepts? Don't use formulas, and don't teach children concepts such as "complement" and "complement" that they don't understand. Instead, use a set of concise language to guide students to carry beads. Through addition and subtraction, the ball-pulling verb is simplified to four words: up, go, forward and backward. The multiplication formula is memorized by students in the form of "pearl multiplication formula table", which makes the original tedious multiplication calculation a simple and easy-to-learn method, and everyone can know the result by looking at the multiplication topic. The calculation of division is simpler than division, and the prescription is clear at a glance. As long as the abacus mental arithmetic teaching is carried out according to the mathematical principles and the inherent laws of abacus mental arithmetic, good results can be achieved. 10, do you still have to learn abacus in the computer age? A: Some people say that with the rapid development of computer science and technology information, learning abacus is not going backwards. With airplanes, trains, cars and motorcycles, are bicycles still useful? Each has its own strengths and uses. Computers are useful, time-saving and accurate, but they cannot be the cornerstone of mathematics. Abacus mental arithmetic is different. It enables students to truly understand the whole operation process, which is a very important link in mathematics. To learn mathematics well, we must understand the whole operation process, only know the answer, but don't know why, which is not helpful to develop our thinking ability. It can only be said that the computer is a tool for calculation, and abacus mental arithmetic is helpful to develop the function of intelligence. 1 1. When did you start learning abacus mental arithmetic? A: It is best to start learning abacus mental arithmetic at the age of 4-8. From the physiological and psychological point of view, children in this age group mainly think in images. Abacus mental arithmetic is a fast mental arithmetic method that uses the spatial imagination and image reproduction ability of the brain to transform abacus and its pearl picking process from physical and physical movements into thinking and pearl picking operation in the brain. After puberty, we will lose the best time to develop our children's potential. 12, which teaching method is used in abacus mental arithmetic teaching? A: "Xu Sizhong's mental arithmetic teaching method" was adopted. Its main features are: first, teaching students in accordance with their aptitude-a wide range of teaching objects, everyone can learn; Second, step by step-the teaching system is strict and can be consolidated step by step; Third, cooperate with the textbook-intuitive teaching, easy to teach and easy to learn; Fourth, the pursuit of speed-the teaching effect is magical, and the human brain is stronger than the computer; Fifth, enlighten wisdom-the teaching method is novel and everyone becomes smart. This teaching method has changed the previous teaching method which ignored the fingering teaching and the changing law of beads, changed the clumsy and inefficient teaching method which practiced for more than two hours every day and did abacus mental arithmetic after 3-5 years, and changed the previous teaching method of cramming, cramming and mechanical sea-solving tactics. It is a brand-new teaching method that combines learning with fun, thinking with fun and practicing with fun. It can make students learn one lesson, consolidate one lesson and make progress in class, not just 13. What abacus is used in abacus mental arithmetic teaching? Answer: "Xu Sizhong" abacus. This abacus is carefully designed by Xu Sizhong's students, summarizing more than 20 years' teaching experience in abacus mental arithmetic, integrating the advantages of various abacus calculations at home and abroad, and according to children's physiological and psychological characteristics, and has been registered by China State Trademark Office. Its main features are as follows: 1. From the structure of the abacus-wooden frame, diamond beads, magnetic liquidation, firmness and durability, scientific design, exquisite material selection, precise production and convenient operation. Secondly, from the perspective of children's psychology-counting beads conforms to the law of children's physiological and psychological development, and can effectively promote the frequent activities of the small finger muscles and stimulate the cerebral cortex, thus achieving the purpose of "abacus in the brain". Third, from the perspective of educational law-under the guidance of "Xu Sizhong's mental arithmetic teaching method", children who use this abacus can quickly form a "bead image" in their minds. 14. Can children learn abacus mental arithmetic if they can't count? A: Yes. Your question is in question 9.