1. The importance of directional enlightenment;
2. How to help children know the orientation, understand the orientation and improve their thinking ability in life?
Recently, Sima chatted with a mother, and she shared such an interesting story with me:
I went to the supermarket with my family at the weekend. When I stopped obviously, I remembered the location of the car in despair. I didn't expect to turn around and come back, feeling familiar and strange.
Just when she was dumbfounded, Lele pointed to the sign hanging in the air and said, "Mom, look at this. Let's follow it. " At that time, I was still muttering to myself, dear son, my mother is a "road idiot". Even if there is a road sign, I can't find it.
Before I could answer, Lele dragged me away, turned left and right, and finally found the car! ! I am really surprised. You know, my son used to be confused about right and left, and even his shoes were often worn backwards. ......
Thanks for the directional enlightenment I gave him in the past six months, but I didn't expect it to really work.
In fact, not all parents attach importance to their children's directional enlightenment like this mother. Even many parents don't care about this. They think that children's confusion is only temporary, and they can learn it naturally when they are older.
But you know what?
According to the cognitive development law of preschool children, 3-6 years old is the best period for orientation perception.
If at this stage, children can't clearly understand and understand the orientation, and parents can't give correct enlightenment methods, then TA will encounter great difficulties after entering school, no matter according to the teacher's instructions, or Chinese reading and mathematics learning.
For example, a math problem often appears in the examination paper of grade one in primary school: there are 7 children in front of you and 6 children behind you, so how many children are there in this team?
The reason why many children do wrong questions is not that they can't count, but because they don't understand the "position", which leads to the problem.
Therefore, directional cognition has become one of the necessary mathematical abilities for preschool children. Today Sima will talk to you about how to help children know and understand orientation in their daily lives.
1. Get to know each other
"Up and down" refers to the relative relationship between two objects in height, and it is also a common position in daily life.
For example, we often say to children, "Remember to put the picture book on the desk after reading it, and don't throw it around", "Bao Xiao's ball fell under the bed" and so on.
For the "up and down" orientation of enlightenment, parents can take the following two ways:
Positive and negative thinking
Here, you can use a familiar teaching aid-building blocks. Try to use different colors or patterns of building blocks to facilitate children's more intuitive perception.
In addition to basic enlightenment methods, such as letting children put green building blocks on yellow building blocks, it is also important for children to learn the transformation of positive and negative thinking. Take the yellow-green building blocks just now, and try to ask the children, "Now the green building blocks are on the yellow building blocks, so is the yellow building blocks above or below the green building blocks?" This can help children face such problems flexibly.
Transform reference object
When multiple items are superimposed on one item, the selected reference objects are different, and the superimposed items will have different orientations.
Let's take building blocks as an example. Let the children overlap three blocks with different colors. For example, the colors are red, yellow and green from bottom to top. If the green building blocks are taken as the reference, then the red and yellow building blocks are below; If you take the red building block as a reference, yellow and green building blocks are on it. Parents can also appropriately increase the number of building blocks and reference objects to improve the difficulty.
Only by understanding the relationship between reference objects and orientation changes can children truly grasp the spatial meaning of "up and down".
Understand the left and right
"Left and right" refers to the relationship between one object and another on the same plane, for example, we often say "go left and go right".
For the enlightenment of "left and right" orientation, parents need to repeat "left" and "right" in their lives to familiarize their children with these two directional words, and then adopt the following methods:
Transform reference object
Choose 4 cards with different patterns and arrange them from left to right. For example, in the picture below, you can ask the child, "What small animals are there on the left side of the bee? What kind of small animal is the squirrel on the left? "
It is also on the left, but the result is different, which is caused by the different choice of reference objects: the front reference object is a bee and the back reference object is a squirrel.
Combine numbers, directions
In mathematics learning, the problem of orientation is often combined with numbers. On the one hand, we can examine children's counting ability, on the other hand, we can also examine children's orientation perception ability.
For example, in the picture below, you can ask your child to take out the second card on the left of the white rabbit, then change the order and repeat the practice many times.
When children master the spatial meaning of "up and down" and "left and right", they can play "maze" together ~ this will make children feel the sense of orientation in playing.
3. Know the past and know the future
"Before and after" also refers to the relationship between one object and another on the same plane. This locative word is not only a common word in math and Chinese questions, but also a frequent test site in many "young to young" interviews, and its importance is self-evident.
For the enlightenment of "before and after" orientation, it is best to explain it to children through the queue in reality. Of course, the following two methods can also be adopted:
Transform reference object
In order to make it easier for children to understand the front and back clearly, they can use the train toys at home as teaching AIDS, that is, the locomotive walks in front, so it is "front" and the train tail walks behind, so it is "back".
Here, you can also deepen your understanding by changing the reference, for example, asking the child, "What car is in front of the blue car?" How about the one in front of the green car? "
Combine numbers, directions
Parents can make up some short stories first to bring their children into such a situation. For example, "the little monkey is going to take this train to the party in the forest kingdom." It wants to sit in the second car in front of the blue car. Which car is that? "
Or, "the little monkey's friend, the little white rabbit, is sitting in the second car behind the blue car." Little monkey wants to play with it. Can you help the little monkey determine which car the little white rabbit is in? "
Although the directional enlightenment seems simple, it needs spatial imagination and abstract thinking for children, so parents should make use of some teaching AIDS in life and adopt some fun and effective methods to let children understand "up and down", "left and right" and "before and after" more deeply.