Notes on composition teaching in the second grade of primary school
Composition teaching should start from grade one. Composition teaching should not only cultivate students' ability to make sentences and lay out articles with words, but also cultivate students' ability to observe and analyze things.
These two abilities should be cultivated from the first grade. Looking at pictures, talking and writing is the initial training of composition. "
Grade two: further strengthen sentence training and lay a solid foundation for sentence fluency in writing; Continue to look at pictures, speak and write, practice various semi-independent compositions, and gradually guide students to write propositional compositions.
Grade three: I can write short narratives of 300 to 400 words, with emphasis on complete structure and fluent sentences.
Fourth grade: able to write 500-600-word narrative, pay attention to specific content and choose appropriate materials.
Grade five: I can write a narrative of about 1000 words, focus on the theme, and master some basic composition knowledge. Test. Look at the picture and speak. Let the students observe the pictures. The teacher will guide you through the dialogue. Dialogue can be divided into two layers. The first layer is to grasp the main content of the picture, such as when? Where is it? Who is the man in the photo? What is he doing? Wait a minute. The other layer is to pay attention to the details of the diagram and guide it according to the specific situation of the diagram. On the basis of observing the dialogue, guide the students to look at the pictures and speak in an orderly way. Pay attention to four points: first, ask students to speak clearly and not to be confused; Second, it is necessary to have the basic content without losing the key points; Third, we should encourage students with unique languages and praise them for reading carefully and speaking well, so as not to form word-for-word recitation; Fourth, we should consider using the words that students have learned as much as possible, so as to facilitate the smooth progress of the next writing. Writing according to the outline next semester is a key step to cultivate students' independent writing ability. There are five reasons:
First, students take the first step of writing from looking at pictures and talking, and they can't do without pictures. Now, their thinking ability and writing ability have improved, so they can stop talking about pictures and learn to make an outline and write according to it.
Second, in reading class, with the deepening of the text content, teachers give students more basic knowledge of composition through reading class. In a subtle way, they have initially felt that every text has an "outline"; It is necessary to write an outline before writing a composition.
Thirdly, with the improvement of students' writing ability and extensive selection of materials, the proportion of "independence" in "semi-independent composition" is greatly enhanced. This will guide them to be more flexible in sketching to meet the diverse needs of material selection.
Fourth, the outline of the composition is detailed and short. A detailed outline should include "theme", "subject matter", "characters" and "paragraph meaning", which is often adopted by senior students. Now students just learn composition, and the content will not be too complicated. Just learn to use a short outline first.
Fifth, writing according to the outline is not only the key requirement of this unit, but also a basic skill that runs through the composition of senior and middle school students, and it is an indispensable ability to solve practical problems in the future. test
Why emphasize guiding students to outline?
First, don't do any work, make a plan first, and then proceed. The same is true of writing articles. It is necessary to cultivate students' ability to draw up an outline before writing and cultivate their good habit of planning and working according to the plan before work.
Second, outlining is the need of the composition itself. Students have mastered this skill since childhood, which has lifelong practical significance. Being able to write according to the outline is an important means to cultivate students' logical thinking.
Third, junior students are young and know little about the internal structure of the article. The teacher asked the students to write in three parts from the beginning, the middle and the end, and then gradually instructed them to use subtitles and write according to the outline.
If you insist on doing this every time, students will not feel that the outline is redundant, but will like the outline and gradually develop the good habit of writing after the outline. If we persist in this way, the students' basic skills will be solid by the middle and high grades. How can we arouse students' enthusiasm for writing?
First, make students feel that the composition is very useful.
Second, let students believe that composition is not difficult to learn. Often say to students: "writing and speaking are the same thing, both to express their views." You don't find it difficult to talk, do you? Is writing not difficult? "
Third, let students know how to learn composition well. There are four conditions for students with good composition scores:
(1) has a clear concept of right and wrong and a clear view of the surrounding things.
(2) A wide range of life, active participation in group activities and rich knowledge.
(3) Good language foundation, good vocabulary, good sentence making and good reading.
I am interested in writing. I mean it every time I write it. The more I write, the more I like writing.
Fourth, let students feel that they are making progress. Teachers often praise students a lot, which is an effective means to arouse students' enthusiasm for writing. Examination composition teaching means that the master leads the apprentice to build a house, while reading teaching means that the master leads the apprentice to demolish the house. Experienced teachers often lead apprentices to familiarize themselves with the basic structure by demolishing old houses, and then teach them how to build new houses and let them know what they are doing.
In the lower grade texts, narration almost always "expresses the central idea with one thing". When writing, you can tell your child: "In order to explain a truth, it is better to use a concrete thing, which is much better than just saying empty words."