Curriculum reform is the core content of the whole education reform and one of the key links to promote quality education in a solid and effective way. Mathematics is an important content of the national basic education curriculum reform. In today's society, many countries regard mathematics education as an important part of citizens' quality education and put it in a prominent position in the development strategy of basic education. Calculation is the most widely used mathematical method in people's life, study, scientific research and life practice, and it is also one of the important tools for people to understand the objective world and things around them. From an abstract point of view, the manifestations of the objective world can be summarized as: number, quantity, space, time and their relationships. From a mathematical point of view, it is mainly manifested in three aspects: number, quantity and shape, but calculation cannot be separated from number and calculation, and spatial shape and its relationship cannot be quantified without number and calculation. Elementary arithmetic is basically used to calculate the laws of any subject, after they are converted into formulas.
Second, the research status quo
Teachers don't know enough about cultivating students' computing ability.
In fact, it is very important to attach importance to students' written calculation ability, ignore students' oral calculation ability and estimation ability, and cultivate students' oral calculation ability. In the four calculations, verbal calculation is the foundation, and the foundation must be laid well. The accuracy of students' written calculation is directly proportional to their oral calculation ability. In daily life, there are calculations everywhere, and estimation is also indispensable everywhere. With the rapid development of computing tools and the wide use of computers, the content and requirements of large-scale computing are constantly being adjusted. Therefore, in a sense, the application of estimation has greatly exceeded the accurate calculation.
2. Teachers only pay attention to the results of students' calculations, not the process.
In fact, calculation is a complicated operation process, and it takes many operation steps to get a result. We should carefully analyze what is wrong. When we correct the calculation questions, we should point out which step the students have taken in the order of calculation. Before correcting the mistakes, let the students know the reasons for the mistakes.
3. Teachers don't pay enough attention to computer teaching.
Teaching pays more attention to cultivating students' logical thinking ability and spatial concept, but ignores the cultivation of computing ability. I feel that there is a high technology now, and students can calculate with computers and calculators. As long as you can calculate, there will be conceptual deviation, so let students understand the logic and know the algorithm, and further improve their computing ability by solving practical problems.
Students are not concerned with arithmetic, but with algorithm.
When students are studying calculation, they don't understand arithmetic, which is why they calculate like this, but they attach great importance to the algorithm of calculation, thinking that as long as they can calculate it. There is a general lack of interest in calculation problems, and they think that calculation problems can be solved without thinking, resulting in cognitive deviation, so that they are careless and not serious enough when doing calculation problems.
5. Students have a weak sense of simplicity.
Students' calculation methods are not reasonable and flexible enough. Students' calculation methods should be flexible and diverse. They should choose a reasonable algorithm from a variety of solutions to achieve algorithm optimization. In fact, students' sense of simplicity is not strong. If there is no requirement for simplification of a calculation problem, the problem that can be easily calculated will not be simplified, and the best solution can not be actively selected according to the characteristics of specific formulas for calculation.
Third, the definition of subject.
Calculation teaching mainly refers to the teaching of operation meaning and calculation method. Combining the meaning of operation with the teaching of calculation method.
The calculation ability of primary school students means that students have high accuracy and appropriate speed in basic mathematical calculation according to the requirements of curriculum standards, including mastering basic methods and using them reasonably and flexibly.
Under the guidance of the new curriculum concept, this topic focuses on cultivating students' good calculation habits in mathematics classroom teaching, promoting students' mastery of calculation methods, improving students' correct rate of mathematical calculation, making them reach a certain level of proficiency and gradually making calculation methods reasonable and flexible.
Fourth, the expected goal of the study.
1. Make students understand the basic arithmetic of digital operation and use various methods to calculate; Enable students to explore and understand the operation law, initially understand the mathematical thought of incomplete induction, experience the order of mathematical thinking, and apply the law to perform simple operations, thus improving the calculation ability in many ways.
2. Improve the teaching methods of computing teaching, and improve the teaching value and efficiency of computing teaching.
3. Through research, seek teaching strategies to improve students' computing speed and accuracy, and summarize training methods to improve students' computing ability, so as to improve students' academic performance and lay a solid foundation for future study.
4. In the research, cultivate teachers' awareness of scientific research and constantly improve teachers' educational and scientific research level.
Research content of verb (abbreviation of verb)
Focusing on the research focus, we divide the research content into three parts:
1, to promote students' good computing habits.
Some students have low computing ability, although there are some reasons, such as unclear concepts, not really understanding arithmetic, not mastering algorithms and so on. However, not developing good computing habits is also one of the important reasons. Some people have poor habits of reviewing questions, and often do it only after reading half; Some handwriting is not standardized, numbers and operation symbols are scribbled, and numbers and symbols are copied incorrectly; Some people don't have the habit of checking, and the problem is solved. In view of these phenomena, we believe that to improve students' computing ability, we must first cultivate students' good computing habits and let them master some methods. We will study how to promote students' good computing habits in classroom teaching, extracurricular exercises and exams.
2. Research on improving students' computing ability through classroom teaching.
The basic knowledge about calculation is widely distributed in primary school mathematics textbooks, which requires every math teacher to be familiar with the teaching requirements of each textbook, carefully design teaching plans according to the cognitive rules, age characteristics and knowledge base of primary school students, and flexibly control the teaching process. While strengthening basic knowledge, we should also pay attention to cultivating ability and developing intelligence in order to achieve the best teaching effect. We will focus on these three aspects: (1) research on the teaching process and methods of calculation.
Dominated by the traditional teaching concept, many teachers adhere to the principle of "practice makes perfect" and implement "sea tactics" in computing teaching, which makes more and more students hate and fear computing. Reading the new curriculum standard carefully, it is not difficult to find that the requirement of calculation mentions "paying attention to cultivating students' innovative consciousness and practical ability". This requires us to actively change our teaching concepts, focus our teaching objectives more on the thinking process of computing itself, and how to carry out the teaching and learning activities of computing class, so that students can actively and happily participate in computing, feel the charm of computing, taste the fun of computing and improve their computing ability. Therefore, we will study how to carry out the teaching process in the classroom of computing teaching and what kind of teaching strategies can be adopted to make students really like and understand computing.
(2) Research on realizing algorithm diversification.
"Encouraging algorithm diversification" is an important concept in the new curriculum standard. The essence of algorithm diversification is to let students learn new knowledge from existing knowledge and experience, and encourage students to explore ways to solve problems through independent thinking. The diversity of algorithms has been highly valued and actively practiced by teachers, but the understanding and grasp of computational diversity are different. We will study how to grasp the essence of algorithm diversification in mathematics teaching, handle the relationship between algorithm diversification and algorithm optimization, and pursue the rationality and flexibility of the algorithm.
(3) Strengthen the research on the teaching of oral arithmetic estimation.
The verbal calculation is also satisfactory. It is a calculation method that directly calculates numbers without using calculation tools, mainly relying on thinking and memory. The new curriculum standard points out that oral calculation is not only the basis of written calculation, estimation and simple calculation, but also an important part of calculation ability. It can be seen that to cultivate students' computing ability, we must first start with oral computing ability.
Mathematics curriculum standards clearly point out that students can estimate the results of operations and explain the rationality of the results in the process of developing their sense of numbers. Estimation is one of the effective ways to develop students' sense of number, and it is also an important link to ensure the correctness of calculation, which is very beneficial to improve students' computing ability. Through the estimation before calculation, approximate results can be estimated, creating conditions for the accuracy of calculation; The calculated estimate can judge whether there is any error in the calculation, find out the cause of the error and correct it in time. In students' daily oral and written calculations, the estimation before and after calculation has certain value.
Therefore, we will study how to strengthen the training of oral arithmetic estimation, organize students to have interesting exercises in a planned way, and improve students' oral arithmetic estimation ability through examination evaluation and competition activities.
3. Research on the positive effect of family education on improving students' computing ability.
Family education is an effective supplement and natural extension of school education and plays an important role in the development of students. Students live in families, and the influence of family environment on children is all-round and crucial. Now parents have high expectations for their children and attach importance to the improvement of their abilities in all aspects, especially math learning. Some parents, while urging and tutoring their children, also hire tutors for math tutoring. However, at present, parents pay more attention to the cultivation of children's mathematical thinking ability, let children participate in special "Olympic mathematics" counseling, and pay insufficient attention to the cultivation of children's computing ability. Family education has not played its due role in improving students' computing ability. Therefore, we will study how to give full play to the unique function of family education, strengthen the contact between home and school, communicate with parents and promote each other, and give full play to the supporting role of family education in cultivating students' computing ability.
Sixth, research methods.
1, induction-deduction method. Classify the problems in the teaching of operator-operator method. The purpose of classification is to help students master the calculation methods of these questions, and then carry out deduction exercises after induction.
2. Literature research methods
It is mainly to carry out comparative research on data and materials from multiple angles, understand and master the research results at home and abroad, learn from successful practices and draw relevant lessons, thus providing a theoretical framework and methodology for this study.
3. Investigation and research methods
First, investigate the teaching situation, learning situation and the possibility of innovative education development in the project implementation point, so as to make the research feasible; The second is to investigate the factors that improve the computing power and study the relevant countermeasures to make the research targeted and effective; The third is to investigate the change effect of relevant quality indicators before and after the experiment, so that the research is reasonable and scientific.
4. Educational experience summary method
The members of the research group apply the method of summing up their own teaching experience, and learn to use the theoretical knowledge of educational science to analyze the collected materials and statistical data to improve their professional level.
Seven, the research stage
The main stages of research:
The first stage: 20 14, 1 1-20 15, 1, research and project preparation stage; Understand the research trends of this topic at home and abroad, investigate and study, establish the experimental thinking of this topic, and write the research plan and implementation plan.
The second stage: 2065438+February 2005-2065438+June 2006, the initial exploration stage; Set up a research group to study and carry out the preliminary experimental work.
The third stage: February 20 16-June 2065438+2006, which is an in-depth stage of development; According to the implementation plan, carry out the research work of subject research on a regular basis.
The fourth stage: 2065438+June 2006-2065438+June 2006,165438+October 2006, summing up the reflection stage; Collating project data, data processing, result analysis and writing research report.
Eight. Project feasibility analysis
1. Comrade Xu, the project leader, has been deeply rooted in mathematics teaching in primary schools for a long time and has solid basic teaching skills. He has been rated as a county-level teaching expert for three times in a row, won the second prize in the selection of high-quality mathematics courses in Linshu County, and won many county-level teaching achievement awards. Therefore, the comrades in charge of the project can lead the project members to carry out effective research in a planned and systematic way.
Participants in this project are all excellent front-line teachers in our school. They have rich first-line teaching experience, have a good understanding of classroom organization and subject teaching mode, and have a preliminary understanding and interest in the content of this project. I believe they can better cooperate with the research work of this topic. Secondly, they often write teaching papers, often carry out educational research, boldly explore the behavior patterns and practices in the classroom, and have a strong sense of research.
Our school has advanced hardware and equipment. Both teachers and students have cloud hosting accounts. Teachers and students can communicate and exchange learning resources through the Internet. It is positive for our research group that the street center school buys electronic whiteboards for the school. At the same time, I subscribed to various educational journals related to this topic, which are the resources of this topic. The school attaches great importance to this topic and gives strong support, which fully guarantees the resources for problem decision-making. This project is planned to be practiced and studied for one and a half years. In this process, there are meetings, exchange and learning activities, and time can be guaranteed.