1. Definition of course type

"Course categories" are generally general education courses, basic courses, compulsory courses, elective courses, elective courses and practical teaching courses.

2. What are the typical definitions of kindergarten curriculum?

What are the typical definitions of kindergarten curriculum? What does each mean?

A: (1) Kindergarten curriculum is a teaching subject. This is the definition of kindergarten curriculum that has influenced China for the longest time and the widest range since the founding of New China. This curriculum definition emphasizes systematic knowledge teaching, and teachers should impart necessary and valuable knowledge to children. Moreover, the implementation of this curriculum definition is also convenient for teachers to master. However, this definition is quite narrow, focusing only on subject knowledge and easily divorced from the reality of children's lives. At the same time, this definition divides the organic connection between knowledge artificially.

(2) Kindergarten curriculum is an educational activity, which generally refers to the sum of educational activities set for young children and different from other educational institutions. This definition no longer regards kindergarten curriculum as a narrow teaching subject, but summarizes it as all educational activities for young children. Kindergarten curriculum is not limited to subject teaching activities, but also includes any other types of educational activities, including life activities, game activities, sports and so on. However, each child's interest and demand for educational activities are different, and his experience in the activities is also different. This definition only pays attention to children's explicit activities, but does not take into account the internal experience and psychological structure changes in children's activities.

(3) Kindergarten curriculum is learning experience, which is a concept of kindergarten curriculum that appeared in the late 1980s in China. This definition holds that "kindergarten curriculum is an educational experience that children get in kindergarten environment to promote their all-round physical and mental development." Children must gain experience through activities, and the experience provided to children should be carefully selected and valuable, rather than scattered natural experience. From this perspective, kindergarten curriculum is a purposeful, planned and organized learning experience for children. Curriculum definition changes the understanding of curriculum from "static" to "dynamic", taking into account children's interests, needs and experiences. However, experience is subjective, which is often difficult for educators to grasp, and the implementation of this course is difficult.

3. Briefly describe the classic definition of curriculum

Curriculum refers to the total number of subjects that school students should study and its process and arrangement. Curriculum is the planning and design of educational objectives, teaching contents and teaching activities, and the sum of the implementation processes of teaching plans, teaching outlines and many other aspects.

In a broad sense, curriculum refers to the sum of educational contents and processes selected by schools to achieve their training goals, including various disciplines taught by school teachers and purposeful and planned educational activities. A course in a narrow sense refers to a certain subject.

(3) Extended reading of several typical curriculum definitions:

Course classification

1, ideal course: a course that scientists think is valuable and useful. Such scientists are at the forefront of their work and field, and they are rethinking how students receiving secondary education and higher education can acquire newly developed knowledge.

2. Written course: it is a document detailing the learning objectives, contents of related fields, examination requirements and achievement standards that must be achieved. Written courses vary in detail, from general descriptions (for example, in official state documents) to textbooks and workbooks.

3. Explain the course: it is the teacher's explanation of the written course documents.

4. Implementation course: It is composed of the way that teachers construct content, provide information and describe the problems that students should solve.

5. Evaluation course: It represents students' achievements through exams, formal tests and attitude questionnaires.

4. What are the four representative definitions of short answer courses?

Children are in a critical period of growth and development. Writing with correct posture is not only beneficial to physical development and vision protection, but also beneficial to writing correct Chinese characters. Only "orthography", "orthography" and "orthography" can achieve orthography.

Content characteristics:

1, will know Tian Zige, pen-holding posture, writing posture, writing order rules, writing requirements into an easy-to-understand nursery rhyme.

2. Arrange the practice of writing strokes corresponding to the strokes learned in this lesson.

3. Know the basic strokes of 19.

4. Write 100 Chinese characters.

5, 20 origami exercises.

6. Arrange expansion activities with "I want to go to primary school" as the main line. Make effective guidance and connection for children to adapt to primary school life smoothly.

Characteristics of teaching methods:

1, breaking through the traditional mechanical repetitive training method.

2. Highlight the fun.

3. The training method is scientific and the effect is remarkable. According to the process of learning nursery rhymes, practicing calligraphy, knowing strokes, learning the order of new words, practicing in the blank and actually holding a pen to write.

Order for training.

4. Consolidate the strokes you know in various ways.

5, master the writing method, draw inferences from one another, write 100, and write other new words at the same time.

6. Arrange an origami content in each class to promote the development of small muscle groups and exercise hands-on ability.

7. Expand activities, assign a task to children in each class, and cultivate their sense of task.

Teaching objectives:

After 20 class hours of study and practice, large classes in kindergarten, preschool children and first-grade primary school students have written standardized and beautiful Chinese characters.

Master 20 children's songs, 19 basic strokes, write 100 Chinese characters well, learn 20 manual origami, understand primary school life step by step according to the code of conduct of primary school students, and form good habits such as observing time and sorting out school supplies.

Pinyin direct dial manual

As we all know, Chinese Pinyin is an effective learning tool. If you learn Chinese Pinyin well, you can accurately confirm the new words in textbooks and extracurricular phonetic symbols, and read them smoothly, so as to understand nature, science and history. Learning Chinese Pinyin well can play the role of pronunciation, correct dialects, speak Mandarin well, and realize effective language communication and exchange. To learn Chinese Pinyin well, you can also use Pinyin input method to input Chinese characters quickly and accurately. Only by learning Chinese Pinyin well can we look it up in the dictionary, so it is not difficult to overcome all kinds of difficulties in learning. Information processing is inseparable from Chinese Pinyin, which is the basis of automatic processing of Chinese information. Not only that, learning Pinyin can also cultivate children's rich imagination and accurate language discrimination. Therefore, we should learn Chinese Pinyin well and use it well.

However, due to the abstract and boring pinyin letters, the effect of rote memorization is not ideal for children. In the current teaching of Chinese Pinyin, some have high requirements, some have low requirements, some repeat learning, and some do not review and consolidate after teaching, resulting in poor teaching effect and serious forgetting.

At present, many primary schools rely on children to learn pinyin at the pre-school stage, without focusing on pinyin teaching, which makes some children unable to master pinyin knowledge firmly. Even if some schools spend a lot of time, the teaching effect is not good, especially in dialect areas, and even limited by conditions, some remote villages do not teach Chinese Pinyin.

So how can we learn Chinese Pinyin well?

Content characteristics:

1, organize the compilation of teaching materials according to teaching methods.

2. Use various forms of games to consolidate knowledge points, which is convenient for teachers to operate in class. (reflected in the textbook)

3, the full pinyin environment makes it easier for children to master.

4. Arrange reading tongue twisters, train oral muscle flexibility and voice discrimination ability, and improve interest in learning Pinyin.

5. Give priority to reading, supplemented by writing exercises, so as to reduce the learning difficulty.

6. Do coloring exercises once in each class to cultivate children's aesthetics and improve their interest in learning.

7. Let children evaluate themselves and build up self-confidence based on the principle of encouragement.

8. Arrange a parent-child activity in each class to consolidate the knowledge learned that day, which is conducive to the communication between parents and children, enhance feelings and make the parent-child relationship more harmonious. It is beneficial to the interaction between parents, kindergartens and children, and achieves the purpose of family education.

Characteristics of teaching methods:

1, breaking through the traditional rote learning mode, rearranging letters in a special way, learning "parts" first and then "combination".

2. Make sure to read 23 initials in an hour without confusion (telling stories, drawing pictures, saying nursery rhymes and doing actions).

3. Let the children master the four tones accurately through the combination of sound and shape, and reach the standard of seeing sound, recognizing sound and smelling sound.

4. Refine the knowledge points of Pinyin, and then subdivide each knowledge point into ordinary types and special types, so as to reduce the spelling difficulty and master it step by step and easily.

5, not only can spell, but also reach the level of direct call.

6. Master the correct pronunciation, writing order and occupation of pinyin letters.

7. Vivid, vivid, interesting and operable, and the learning effect is remarkable.

Teaching objectives:

After 60 hours of study, kindergarten students, preschool children and first-grade primary school students can fluently call any pinyin reading materials to realize easy reading.

Recognize 23 initials, 24 finals, 16 whole syllables; Master four tones; Read 5 tongue twisters, 5 stories, 10 essay and 25 nursery rhymes in pinyin.

Handbook of fast calculation of magic fingers

Finger dexterity and operation ability are closely related to the intellectual activity of human brain, and finger movement is also closely related to the development of intelligence, which complement each other. No matter how advanced technology is, the most basic activities of human beings still need to be completed by hands. Even if the level of computer automation is getting higher and higher, we should start with the concept of number, especially for children. Because the computing function of the human brain will never be eliminated.

There are many cells in the brain that process the sensory and motor information of fingers, palms, backs of hands and wrists. Sensory information and hand movements from the hand are the most reflected areas in the brain. Therefore, training children's hands is equivalent to doing "mental gymnastics" for children. The more complex, precise and skillful finger movements are, the more neural connections can be established in the cerebral cortex, which is conducive to the development of intelligence and makes the brain smarter. It can be said that the finger is a lever to adjust and improve the intellectual activities of the human brain.

Content characteristics:

1, learn the basic knowledge of mathematics, understand the concept of number, and lay the foundation for learning mathematics and finger calculation.

2. According to the types of questions and the difficulty of finger movement, learn the calculation method of finger calculation, and then practice with various types of questions.

3. Arrange a training question for memory, attention and imagination in each class to effectively improve the three abilities.

4. Arrange a thinking development training in each class.

5. Arrange clever content to improve children's interest in learning.

6, arrange the training of young convergence, closely combine finger arithmetic with primary school mathematics, so as to apply what you have learned.

7. Clever calculation, the combination of mental calculation and finger calculation.

Characteristics of teaching methods:

1, finger exercises are trained in each class to promote finger flexibility.

2. Explain the comparison of objects and numbers, the comparison of numbers, the decomposition and combination of numbers.

3. The training of finger flexibility is combined with mathematics.

4. Both finger calculation and mental calculation are acceptable.

5. Don't use "sea tactics" to keep your interest in learning.

6, let children master the learning method, can draw inferences from one another, draw inferences from another.

7. Easy to learn, intelligent, scientific, efficient, innovative and operable.

Teaching objectives:

After 48 class hours' study, kindergarten classes, preschool children and primary school students master multi-digit addition and subtraction and mental arithmetic.

Learn 24 finger games, carry out 48 memory training, 48 concentration training, 48 imagination training and 48 thinking development training, and comprehensively improve mathematics ability.

Students in grades two to four of primary school master the addition and subtraction of any number through 48 class hours. Two digits and three digits are multiplied by one digit, two digits are multiplied by two digits, and two digits and three digits are divided by one digit.

Immersive reading and writing manual

The ancients called literacy "enlightenment" and regarded it as the beginning of education.

After 14 years of research, Dr. Ishii Xun, a Japanese expert on Chinese characters, found that 3-6 years old is the fastest and best time to know Chinese characters. I began to learn Chinese characters at the age of 5, and my IQ can reach115; Learning Chinese characters at the age of 4, the IQ can reach125; When learning Chinese characters at the age of 3, the IQ can reach above 130 (the average IQ of children aged 4-7 is 99.9, and above 130 is a high IQ). It can be seen that the earlier you start to read, the more conducive it is to the development of intelligence.

The quantity and speed of literacy are directly related to reading and writing, especially the time when reading begins and the strength of reading ability. Children who read early generally have strong self-confidence, initiative and sense of responsibility. Letting children study as early as possible can enrich their knowledge, broaden their horizons, enhance their curiosity, form strong self-education ability and improve their understanding ability.

Content characteristics:

1. The part of knowing new words consists of four words and one sentence rhyming.

2. Rhyme consists of words, antonyms and idioms, which can not only achieve literacy, but also master antonyms and idioms.

3. Use various forms of games in the textbook to let children master each word.

4. Rich reading content: including words, proverbs, children's songs, riddles, ancient poems, stories, etc.

5. The unit exercises arranged idioms solitaire games, classic books and other contents, which were quite interesting.

6. Teaching development activities focus on cultivating etiquette, character and behavior habits, thus promoting children's social development.

Characteristics of teaching methods:

1. Understand new words according to the teaching process of overall input, positioning association and word recognition, and there will be no phenomenon of memorizing but not recognizing.

2. Make the new words you know into words, connect them into word strings, and put them in the living environment and story environment to leave a deep impression on your child's brain.

3. Turn from centralized literacy to decentralized literacy, and naturally reach the reading state.

4. Read as early as possible by concentrating on literacy; Consolidate new words through reading; Through reading, I can know more new words in new ways.

5. Cultivate reading interest and train reading ability from the first class. Practice reading coherently and avoid reading word for word.

6. Be able to master the tone, intonation and pause of reading according to punctuation.

Teaching objectives:

After 160 class hours, children in middle class, large class and preschool class and students in grade one of primary school learned 10 riddle, 16 nursery rhymes, 45 ancient poems, 72 proverbs and 84 pairs of antonyms while knowing 2,500 common words. Master 168 idioms, 540 common words and read 50 classic stories. The reading volume reached more than 20,000 words. Fan Hui Classroom Experience Edition Textbook

The value orientation of preschool education determines the development of a person's life, and children's education in the enlightenment period is particularly important. Teaching is both a scientific activity and an artistic activity. Science pays attention to rules, art pays attention to creation, and teaching needs to follow teaching rules. Understand the key points and difficulties of the course, and properly handle all links and relationships in the teaching process. But more important is the spirit. The essence of teaching is embodied in the concept of education and the concept and wisdom of teachers. Therefore, as a teacher, we should have a correct educational concept, constantly study and ponder, change from time to time because of people and things, flexibly use various teaching methods and skillfully use our teaching wisdom. Seriously study and delve into the theory of education and teaching, combine with China's national conditions, constantly explore teaching rules and accumulate experience. However, outdated educational methods and backward teaching concepts are far from meeting the needs of rapid social development, and a scientific and bold attempt is ready.

Fan Huiban is a new teaching model created by Beijing Fan Hui Education Consulting Center. It is a class type established in each kindergarten in the form of a garden in the garden or a lieutenant colonel in the garden. The curriculum aims at connecting young children and making them fully prepared for entering primary school. All courses, class schedules, teaching plans, teacher training and teaching quality monitoring of Fan Huiban are monitored by Beijing Fan Hui Education Consulting Center. Fan Huiban unified the indoor environment layout and integrated the unique Fan Huiwen into each kindergarten.

This course is a professional teaching material for Fan Hui class. This is written according to the characteristics of Fan Hui's first month of class. The purpose is to do a good job of connecting children, promote the harmonious development of children's body and mind, and enhance their ability to adapt to primary school study and life. It is divided into four major subjects: magic finger quick calculation, pinyin direct calling, pre-school writing 100 words, and immersive literacy reading, including mathematics. It will provide support and help for the all-round development of children's emotion, attitude, personality, ability and knowledge, so that children can improve their comprehensive quality and achieve all-round development while studying.

In the teaching process, teachers can make corresponding adjustments according to the actual situation in various places to achieve the best results. A good beginning is half the battle. May our efforts accompany your child to take the first step of success.

5. What are the typical definitions of kindergarten curriculum?

What are the typical definitions of kindergarten curriculum? What does each mean?

A: (1) Kindergarten curriculum is a teaching subject. This is the definition of kindergarten curriculum that has influenced China for the longest time and the widest range since the founding of New China. This curriculum definition emphasizes systematic knowledge teaching, and teachers should impart necessary and valuable knowledge to children. Moreover, the implementation of this curriculum definition is also convenient for teachers to master. However, this definition is quite narrow, focusing only on subject knowledge and easily divorced from the reality of children's lives. At the same time, this definition divides the organic connection between knowledge artificially.

(2) Kindergarten curriculum is an educational activity, which generally refers to the sum of educational activities set for young children and different from other educational institutions. This definition no longer regards kindergarten curriculum as a narrow teaching subject, but summarizes it as all educational activities for young children. Kindergarten curriculum is not limited to subject teaching activities, but also includes any other types of educational activities, including life activities, game activities, sports and so on. However, each child's interest and demand for educational activities are different, and his experience in the activities is also different. This definition only focuses on children's explicit activities, but does not take into account the internal experience and psychological structure changes in children's activities.

(3) Kindergarten curriculum is learning experience, which is a concept of kindergarten curriculum that appeared in the late 1980s in China. This definition holds that "kindergarten curriculum is an educational experience that children get in kindergarten environment to promote their all-round physical and mental development." Children must gain experience through activities, and the experience provided to children should be carefully selected and valuable, rather than scattered natural experience. From this perspective, kindergarten curriculum is a purposeful, planned and organized learning experience for children. Curriculum definition changes the understanding of curriculum from "static" to "dynamic", taking into account children's interests, needs and experiences. However, experience is subjective, which is often difficult for educators to grasp, and the implementation of this course is difficult.

6. What are the types of courses and what are their characteristics?

1, ideal course: a course that scientists think is valuable and useful. Such scientists are at the forefront of their work and field, and they are rethinking how students receiving secondary education and higher education can acquire newly developed knowledge.

2. Written course: it is a document detailing the learning objectives, contents of related fields, examination requirements and achievement standards that must be achieved. Written courses vary in detail, from general descriptions (for example, in official state documents) to textbooks and workbooks.

3. Explain the course: it is the teacher's explanation of the written course documents.

4. Implementation course: It is composed of the way that teachers construct content, provide information and describe the problems that students should solve.

5. Evaluation course: It represents students' achievements through exams, formal tests and attitude questionnaires.

(6) Extended reading of several typical curriculum definitions:

First, the curriculum characteristics

1. The curriculum system is organized according to scientific logic.

2. Curriculum is the embodiment of social choice and social will.

3. The curriculum is established, transcendental and static.

4. The course is beyond the learner and above the learner.

Second, the role of curriculum.

1, the basic basis of education and teaching activities.

2. The basic guarantee to achieve the educational goals of the school.

3. The intermediary of all teaching activities in the school.

4. Provide standards for school management and evaluation.

5. The basis of teachers' teaching and students' learning is the connection between teachers and students.

6, the basis of national inspection and supervision of school teaching.

7. The guarantee of realizing the educational purpose and cultivating all-round talents.

7. What are the four representative definitions of kindergarten curriculum?

Curriculum is the subject, the goal, the plan and the experience.

8. Pedagogy, please list several definitions of "curriculum".

Pedagogy, please list several definitions of a course to see what you are studying. If you are a liberal arts student, first of all, you must understand that you have the right time and place, and you must write like a composition, but if you are a math major, you must be familiar with formulas so that you can learn them easily.

9. What are the five viewpoints of curriculum enumeration?

Curriculum refers to the total number of subjects that school students should study and its process and arrangement. In a broad sense, curriculum refers to the sum of educational contents and processes selected by a college to achieve its training objectives, including various disciplines handed in by the school and purposeful and planned educational activities. A course in a narrow sense refers to a certain subject.

Some scholars believe that the national curriculum is the core educational strategy aimed at improving the quality of education. It gives all students a clear, comprehensive and legal right to study, defines the teaching content and objectives, and defines the evaluation method of academic performance. Some scholars also pointed out that the national curriculum is in charge of the Ministry of Education, which "is responsible for formulating national curriculum policies and making decisions on major curriculum reforms; Formulate a guiding curriculum plan; Formulate national curriculum standards for compulsory subjects, review and recommend subject textbooks to the whole country; Guide and inspect the management of local courses; Examining and approving major local curriculum reform experiments; Formulate the entrance examination system, guide the implementation of the entrance examination, and determine the decentralization of certain course management authority. " Some scholars pointed out: "The national curriculum is a national curriculum, which embodies the will of a country and is specially designed to train future citizens. It is a course developed according to the * * * equivalent quality that future citizens will achieve after receiving education. According to the nature and training objectives of different education stages, formulate curriculum standards or syllabuses in various fields or disciplines and compile teaching materials. It is the main part of the national basic education curriculum plan framework and an important symbol to measure the quality of a country's basic education. "