Article 11. Import
There is such a writer who is saying "Why do I write". He said I wrote for no other reason: I was poor at math since I was a child. I was admitted to the university and made tea all day. Reading Chinese is very complicated. I write poems occasionally, but I am glad to publish them. Nothing can make a writer. I have been writing for half a century, and now I have money. There is nothing to boast about. what do you think? It is close to Confucianism. Humanism is reasonable and lyrical. What style? Compatible and inclusive. Not ancient, elegant style. No quarrel with others, good temperament. That's all. It's really nothing. (slide)
Such a writer who calls himself "useless", "little achievement" and "really useless" is Wang Zengqi. What kind of words he wrote, what kind of person he is, today let's quietly approach him through his grape moon order (slide project).
Words on the blackboard: literati
Second, perceive the text.
1. The students previewed the text. What did this message say?
Student answers
Teacher's summary: The article takes "month" as the time unit, from 1 month to1February, from snow to February, when it is windy, it will be put on shelves in March, watered in April, watered in May, sprayed with drugs, topped and pinched, watered and pinched in June, grapes "swelled" in July and "squeezed" in August. The growth morphology of grapes in each month is described in detail.
2. Liu Dakui's theory: "Wen Gui Shu, Qi Shu Zong, secret detention; God is easy to escape, but secret is labor. "
Summary: this article is sparse and scattered, which seems to be written casually, but in fact it is "sparse" and "scattered" in prose structure; The natural simplicity of sentences is another kind of "sparseness" of prose, which contains "density", and concise, clean and neat words contain rich connotations and meanings.
Third, taste the language
1. What language does the author use to describe the growth of grapes?
Students answer: oral, natural and simple (students find out the corresponding sentences while answering and recite them with emotion)
The teacher concluded:
You can take July as an example (slide) to read and analyze the language features.
"Expanding" is vivid, "big" and "chasing" are quite colloquial, and the humor of "there was no ammonium sulfate in Han Dynasty" was written into the text. ...
The author used long and short sentences and simple and natural language with a little humor to write the growth and corresponding cultivation of July grapes.
Not only in July, but also in dictation throughout this article. There is no gorgeous rhetoric, no artificial carving, no vigorous scenes, showing a simple, clean, natural and simple beauty. No wonder, the writer Wang Anyi said that Wang Zengqi's prose language "is always the most common word, synthesizing the most common sentence", and Jia Pingwa said: "Wang is a fox and has become an old man." Wang Zengqi himself once said: "I hope to write prose in a plain, natural and homely way." (Slide) His words are like a flood, just flowing freely. They are watered with Caicai green, watered with tree green, or soaked with seeds to grow crops. Nothing is even moistened, only one melody is lively and natural.
Writing on the blackboard: words-grapes-simple and natural
2. Reproduction language
This kind of natural and homely words can be seen everywhere in the text. You can read the following text (slide) again.
Ask the students to read aloud with emotion.
(1) "Can't wait"
(2) "Hey, get up!"
(3) "Really drinking!" This sentence describes the author's surprise after discovering the water-loving characteristics of grapes, just like finding that his children can eat by themselves for the first time, and they can still eat a lot of joy. )
(4) "It's just blind growth", "It's ok to grow like this, but will it bear fruit?" The word "blind growth" seems to be the key, which shows the joy of the rapid growth of grapes. "It's no problem to grow up like this, but will it bear fruit?" This is a direct conversation with grapes. It is a tone of discussion, just like the feeling of joy and worry when seeing a child grow too fast. )
(5) "But it consumes nutrition!"
(6) "Go, grapes, let people eat."
(7) "Oh, after the fruit, it doesn't matter, right? People can't be so heartless. "
(8) "Grapes can grow as long as you want."
(9) "The weather is warm, but our grapes are cold!"
3. From these languages, what kind of feelings do we see about grapes?
The student replied:
The teacher concluded: In Wang Lao's pen, grapes are not only grapes, but also dolls he brought up. Now he is chatting with them, boasting about his children, and his tone is full of love, intimacy and even jokes.
Try to read the third paragraph (slide) of August to taste the author's feelings about grapes.
The author tried his best to render colorful grapes after the rain by means of metaphor, parallelism and exaggeration. You see, the grapes in the author's eyes are too beautiful to be described in words.
Fourth, the text is like a man 1. From planting grapes to harvesting grapes, the author makes it clear month by month. He is very good at it and has a deep love for grapes. Aside from his identity as a writer, what do you think his identity is more like?
Introduction: fruit farmers
Being able to write such an article is not only a matter of words, but also a matter of practical knowledge of grape cultivation. Where did Wang Zengqi's knowledge of grapes come from? Does he really grow grapes? Isn't it fun that he planted one tree and two trees under the window in front of his house? Did he really plant it on a large scale in the vineyard? Yes, Zhao Lihong, a Shanghai writer, once asked Wang Zengqi whether he had planted grapes himself before writing The Grape Moon Order. Mr. Wang smiled and answered, "Of course, where else can you write it?"
It can be seen that writing comes from life.
Blackboard Writing: People-Fruit Farmers-Originated from Life
Q: "Mr. Wang Zengqi, known as the last scholar-bureaucrat in China in the 20th century", how did he become a fruit farmer? "
Background: This article was written in 1958.
(slide)
Projection slide:
From 65438 to 0958, Wang Zengqi worked as a literary and artistic publication in Beijing. This summer, at the age of 38, he went to work as usual. As soon as he went up the stairs, he saw that the corridor was covered with siege posters. "I wrote countless inspections and listened to countless criticisms." "I no longer feel pain, but I am very tired. What is the crime, what punishment, hurry up, hurry up, don't have any more meetings, don't write any more inspections. " Finally, "Be a General Rightist, Decentralize Rural Labor Force" —— Wang Zengqi's Happy Life.
-It turned out that this article was written when he was sent to Zhangjiakou A&M College for compulsory labor by being labeled as a rightist. At this time, Wang Zengqi was an intellectual who sent the countryside to accept labor reform.
Can you read some negative emotions from the article?
-No, the article only contains beautiful and lovely grapes, happy and fulfilling labor, and sincerely embraces life.
He was even ordered to draw a set of China Potato Atlas. He thought that painting this atlas at the potato research station was "the life of the gods". Draw a complete potato, cut it down and draw a profile. Finished, "the potato pieces are useless, so I buried them in the cow dung fire and baked them." I dare say that there is no second person in the country who has eaten so many varieties of potatoes like me. "
From this, we can see the author's attitude towards life.
-Guide students to understand the author's mind: optimistic and open-minded. Writing on the blackboard: optimistic and open-minded spiritual quality
It is with this optimistic and open-minded heart that he can still feel the beauty of the orchard in the face of suffering: white and quiet when the snow falls, green and dripping when it melts, moist and fresh after watering, gorgeous and colorful when it blooms and bears fruit ... He can still taste the joy of labor and the poetry of life. Grapes are sweet, so life is more colorful.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) expansion and extension
How much do you know about people who remain optimistic and open-minded in the face of setbacks and difficulties throughout the ages? Talk about your feelings.
Sixth, summarize the assignments.
This essay by Wang Zengqi has no mysterious philosophy, no grandiloquence to swallow mountains and rivers, no thought-provoking epigrams, only ordinary work, plain language, peaceful mind and peaceful life! He is free, free, and does what he has to do. Natural words, like flowing clouds, show his mind, knowledge and interest, which are both shining and swaying. How do you feel after learning this article? Then learn from Wang Lao, write this little feeling into the text, and be a person who loves words and life.
Finally, we end with a sentence from Mr. Wang Zengqi:
One should always use his work to make the world a better place and add something beautiful to the world. In any adversity, you can't lose your lyrical interest and love for life.
—— Wang Zengqi
Blackboard writing:
Climate and phenology in lunar month
Wang Zengqi
Wen-Grape-Simple and Natural
People-fruit farmers-are really peaceful.
Spiritual quality is optimistic and open-minded
Chapter II Teaching Objectives:
1, through learning, we can understand the growth habits of grapes and enrich our knowledge.
2. Through discussion, we can simply understand the rigorous and unique structural features of this article.
Taste the simple, natural and leisurely language of this article by reading aloud.
4. Experience the author's spirituality and elegant taste through imagination and association, and inspire his love for life.
Teaching focus:
Through the study of the text, we can understand the common expressions of things and understand the reasons for choosing and using these expressions according to the needs of expression.
Teaching philosophy:
This article is a very unique essay. The focus of teaching should be on things. When studying, you should read articles and write all kinds of knowledge about grape planting and harvesting according to the month. At the same time, from the text to the characters, Wang Zengqi's love for life and positive and optimistic feelings can be felt as a whole.
Teaching time: one class hour.
Teaching process:
First, the introduction of new courses.
Life is not always stormy, and there is no need to sit still everywhere. Many times, most of us are in a normal or even dull state of life. Someone told me that only by seriously feeling and appreciating the happiness, bitterness, dullness and poetry in ordinary life can we truly appreciate the taste of life. Thinking about this sentence, I thought of Wang Zengqi. Today, we will follow Wang Zengqi into that beautiful vineyard and learn about grapes, people and life in the changes of the four seasons.
Second, from the characteristics of the object prose into the preliminary interpretation of the text.
Entanglement is a common writing type and expression in literary works, especially prose works. It takes things as the main performance object, and describes some or all things or a certain kind of things as needed, so that people have a clear understanding of the description object. At the same time, narrative, discussion, lyric and other contents are appropriately interspersed in the description, which makes people feel the author's attitude towards things, the relationship with things, the significance of things in life and the author's sustenance. However, the description of things is always the center of this kind of article writing. Next, let's take a look at how the author completes the object task.
1. Read the full text and see what the article says about grapes. What are the key points?
It says out of the cellar, on the shelf, watering, spraying, patting, kneading, peeling, topdressing, as a result, off the shelf and into the cellar. It focuses on the four months of putting on shelves, absorbing water, bolting, growing leaves, flowering and bearing fruit in March, April, May and August.
2. Why is this arrangement?
Because this is the most emotional content in the process of grape growth, it is the moment when the whole vineyard is full of vitality, it is a season full of vitality and vigorous growth, and it is also the most touching moment when people see natural life.
In fact, the sketch part is not hasty. For example, the first month, although only three short lines, wrote the tranquility and beauty of the orchard. The snow is silent and the grapes are sleeping. How peaceful and peaceful. Finally, the grapes returned to the cellar. "The bustling orchard has no color now", which echoes the beginning. Although short-lived, it has far-reaching significance.
3. The general method of writing scene objects is (1) to describe the color, shape and sound of the scene, so that the scene has a three-dimensional sense. (2) mobilize your vision, hearing, touch, taste and other senses to describe the scene and highlight its sensibility. This is what Ouyang Xiu said, "It's difficult to write a picture. For example, at the moment, there are endless meanings, which can be seen outside the text, and then the ultimate. " Of course, these are inseparable from careful observation. Please read the full text and see how the article reflects this feature.
Morphology: Some heads grow buds and spit out pale leaflets as big as nails.
Color: after a while, the leaflets change color and the leaves turn red; -And not for a while, Green.
Growth: the grapes are peeled and I don't know how to control them. Just blindly growing up! In a few days, I took out a large section of new articles.
Fruit: White is like white agate, red is like ruby, purple is like amethyst, and black is like jet. A string, full, magnetic, crisp and dazzling.
The climate and phenology of a month in the lunar calendar.
Of course, observation alone is not enough. Observation must be integrated with knowledge, among which knowledge about seasons, agronomy, natural history and ancient literature can be seen everywhere.
5. Generic prose is different from general expository prose, but it still needs some explanatory methods. Students should look for them and see if they use those explanations. "Tu Jing" says: "Roots and seedlings are connected in the air. Nursery people will buy goods and want to make a lot of money. They water their roots at dusk but soak in the water in the morning, so they are commonly known as Akebia. " ), number (behind the grape root, a foot away from the trunk, dig a half-moon ditch and pour the shit in it), than (the tendrils of grapes are useful when they are still wild, and you can climb other trees. Now, someone has fixed it on the shelf, which is useless. For example, white is like white agate, red is like ruby, purple is like amethyst, and black is like jet.
6. An important aspect that distinguishes material prose from general expository prose is that it is often emotional and interesting. From a scientific point of view, subjective factors are not excluded, and its use methods are often literary, such as metaphor, exaggeration, personification and analogy. Please look for it. What are some examples?
Metaphor: white is like white agate, red is like ruby, purple is like amethyst, and black is like jet.
Grapes are a little long, one by one, like buttons made of green glass. It's hard.
Exaggeration: You just put the jade character in Shuo Wen Jie Zi.
Move all the words on the side, that's not enough!
Personification: the vines are bare and black. Some heads have sprouted buds and spit out pale leaflets as big as nails. Can't wait.
Third, "this essay is really scattered. At first glance, it feels like a running account. Through careful observation, the author introduced the growth of grapes for twelve months in detail. The language is plain and natural, very colloquial. Why did the author write this article just to write about the growth of grapes all his life? "
Of course not. In chronological order, the author not only wrote about the growth of grapes in each month, but also described the state of roots, vines, tendrils, leaves and fruits in different seasons. At the same time, it also wrote about people's labor and feelings for grapes, and also expressed the author's open-minded and cheerful attitude towards life. This is also an important feature of his prose: remembering people, writing landscapes, talking about culture, telling anecdotes, eating, drinking, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating, eating,