virus
What is the quantity?
? Curtis Sarteur, a virologist at the University of British Columbia, said that the physical characteristics of viruses make it difficult for us to understand them.
First of all, they are small. If every virus in the human body grows to the size of a needle, the average height of adults will reach 150 km.
In a study on 20 18, Sarteur found that the number of viruses falling on every square meter of land every day exceeded 800 million. The number of viruses in a spoonful of seawater usually exceeds the population of Europe.
Sarteur said: "Most of us swallow more than 654.38 billion viruses every time we swim."
Matter or concept
Terri Shoals, a biology professor at the University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh, said that viruses are best viewed as "molecular packages". "These packages must be small enough to be suitable for infection caused by cells."
? Because viruses have no cell structure and do not produce energy through breathing, many scientists think that they are not alive. However, as soon as the virus entered the host, it began to move in a rare way in nature, invading cells with new genetic instructions and replicating at an alarming rate.
Ed Rybicki, a virologist at the University of Cape Town, said that viruses are "both a substance and a concept". He said: "I think viruses are alive because when they enter a cell, they' become this cell'."
Where did it originate?
Although the origin of viruses is uncertain, they have left a mark on almost all life on earth, including human beings. About 8% of the human genome comes from viruses, that is, the remnants of ancient viruses that infected and tolerated human beings. But their story began before humans appeared. Sarteur said: "We think the virus existed at the beginning of life."
? Are all viruses harmful?
Most viruses attract our attention because they make us sick.
In recent years, we have witnessed a large-scale epidemic of viral infectious diseases, from the current epidemic in novel coronavirus to SARS at the beginning of this century and Ebola in Central and West Africa. However, there are also benign viruses. Rybicki said: "In fact, almost all viruses are harmless to humans."
In fact, many viruses are beneficial to human health, and they will infect other organisms that are harmful to us. Another advantage is that the virus greatly accelerates the absorption of carbon by algae and helps to purify the air we breathe. They also have a wide range of health care applications. In addition to using attenuated viruses as vaccines, people have also opened up a new therapeutic field called virology, and are developing new methods to treat chronic diseases such as cancer.
According to Longevity Health Daily 202 1.6.4. Medical science edition.
gemmule
?
Bacteria dominate everything.
90% of your cells are not human cells at all. They are bacteria, viruses, fungi and worm cells that live in your body and body surface, and are often called microbiome.
? While human beings are evolving, so are our bacteria. It is not our genes that make us human, but our bacteria. It seems shocking that what happens to us and what will continue to happen to us in the future depends largely on the state of bacteria in our intestines, mouth and skin. So, don't care about 1% human genes, let's pay close attention to 99% foreign genes that make up our own.
Your fate is closely related to the billions of creatures living on you. Your microbes (such as "intestinal buddies") can help you. When and only when you give your destiny to them-another you, or you who are invisible inside-can you control your health and longevity.
What defines you is not what you eat, but what your intestinal partner digests.
? You take care of your intestinal partner, and your intestinal partner will take care of you.
You are your home of bacteria. Taking good care of this family will make you have a younger body from the inside out.
? Since the publication of Longevity Science 1 in July 2020.
? mathematics
?
If we are adults (such as parents, elders or teachers) who accompany our children to grow up, the above-mentioned "measurement" or "counting", such as 150 km, 800 million, 1 100 million, trillion per square meter of land; Another example is 8%, 90%, 99% and so on. These are vivid "data" naturally generated in the process of sharing knowledge about the relationship between human beings and viruses and bacteria with children. They may make people feel that mathematics, as a language, is accurate and concise. Learning this basic language well is conducive to the follow-up study and exploration! Can you stop and think about it: what do they mean, or is it another symbol? (For example, how high is 150km? For children, a reference can be given: the height of Shanghai Oriental Pearl Radio and Television Tower is 468 meters, which is less than half the height of 1 km = 1000 m, and the height of 150 km can be imagined. Moreover, children who have learned division can calculate the height of the Oriental Pearl Tower. ), other building materials and artistic conception of the tower can also be appropriately expanded according to the interest and acceptability. In the process of reading architecture, we can also introduce the mathematical artistic conception of "solving equations" and "like a plate of jade pouring down big and small beads" in Bai Juyi's poem Pipa Xing. ..... The "interactive question and answer" here is open and interesting, and it is worth a try. Introduction into the classroom may also be effective! If the children are in junior high school and senior high school, it can also be used as another frontier case reference for learning the knowledge of "index", which may be helpful to understand that "mathematics is everywhere" (for example, COVID-19's epidemic prevention masks need the size of "area" and the distance between people needs a safe "distance", which can be understood from the principles of mathematics and viruses, and may be more conscious or interactive), and stimulate interest in learning. Maybe I found my own exploration direction inadvertently ... It suddenly occurred to me that the first two in the topic came from the literature related to "longevity", and mathematics is also "longevity". Is it a coincidence? Or fate? ..... What do you think?
Bai Jiaxiang of An Tian? 202 1.8.2.
?