lorentz transformation

The basic expression of space-time coordinate transformation of physical events between different inertial systems in special relativity. Let two inertial systems be S system and S' system, and their corresponding Cartesian coordinate axes are parallel to each other. The S' system moves in the X direction at the speed of V relative to the S- system. When t = t' = 0, the S' system coincides with the coordinate origin of the S- system, then the Lorentz transformation of the event between the space-time coordinates of the two inertial systems is X' = γ (x-vt), and Y' = Y. C is the speed of light in vacuum. Under the Lorentz transformation, the laws of physics in different inertial systems must remain unchanged.

Before the theory of relativity, H.A. Lorentz started from the concept of absolute static ether and considered the material process of object motion and contraction, and obtained Lorentz transformation. In Lorenz theory, the quantity introduced by transformation is only an auxiliary means in mathematics, and it does not include the relativistic view of time and space. Einstein is different from Lorenz. Based on the observed facts and two basic principles: the principle of relativity and the principle of invariability of the speed of light, Einstein made great efforts to modify the basic concepts of motion, time and space, re-deduced the Lorentz transformation, and endowed it with brand-new physical content. In the special theory of relativity, Lorentz transformation is the most basic relationship. The kinematic conclusions and spatio-temporal properties of the special theory of relativity, such as relativity of simultaneity, length contraction, time delay, velocity transformation formula and relativistic Doppler effect, can be directly obtained from Lorentz transformation.

About Maxwell's equation, because there is a formula, please see/