How to develop good math study habits: develop good math classroom study habits; Develop good math homework habits; We should develop the good habit of previewing before class and reviewing after class. How to cultivate a good foundation of mathematics learning: teachers should optimize the teaching process and pay attention to the cultivation of learning foundation (interest); Teachers should teach students to establish "typical problem sets of mistakes", lay a solid foundation and improve their ability; Teachers should teach students to ask questions, dare to ask questions, find deficiencies from problems, and implement the foundation from deficiencies.

"Mathematics Curriculum Standard" (experimental draft) clearly points out: "The mathematics curriculum in the compulsory education stage should be basic, universal and developmental, so that mathematics education can face all students and realize:

Everyone learns valuable mathematics;

Everyone can get the necessary mathematics;

-Different people get different development in mathematics.

This is the requirement of new mathematics curriculum standards for mathematics education. From a psychological point of view, students have personality differences. For all students, we can't ignore this difference, but should teach students in accordance with their aptitude. Under the educational concept of "let every student get the best development", we must realize that the problems existing in exam-oriented education are not cramming teaching or passive learning, but the process of students' initiative to start, explore, practice and acquire knowledge. The inherent characteristics of junior high school mathematics knowledge are: there are many knowledge points in grade one, many difficulties in grade two and many test sites in grade three. However, rural junior high school students are generally influenced by school education, family environment and other aspects, with poor study habits and uneven learning foundation. This paper talks about how to cultivate rural junior high school students' study habits and lay a good foundation in mathematics teaching in rural middle schools in recent years. I hope to guide students to actively participate in the process of teaching environment, stimulate students' enthusiasm for learning, cultivate students' ability to master and use knowledge, and let every student get full development.

First, develop good math study habits:

Mr. Ye Shengtao said: "What is education is to form habits." There is a habit study in ancient China. The first sentence of the New Three-Character Classic says, "At the beginning of life, human nature is good and temperament can be molded." It means to cultivate good habits. Mr. Chen Heqin, a modern educator in China, said: "If you form good habits, you will benefit all your life. If you don't cultivate good habits, you will suffer for a lifetime. "

1, develop good math classroom study habits. Students in rural middle schools have uneven levels and poor discipline. In class, students should be organized to participate in the process of teaching environment. They should not be distracted, do little tricks or do anything irrelevant to the classroom, concentrate on listening and thinking, and follow the steps of classroom teaching. Listening to lectures is the main channel for students to acquire knowledge. Therefore, learning to attend classes is particularly important for junior high school students. We should deal with the relationship between "listening", "thinking" and "remembering" in the method of attending classes.

"Listening" means directly accepting knowledge with "ears", so students should be instructed to pay attention to: (1) Listen carefully to the requirements of each class; (2) Understand the process and formation of knowledge introduction; (3) Understand the key points and difficulties of each class and the teacher's analysis of them, especially the difficulties in preview. (4) Understand the reflection of problem-solving ideas and mathematical thinking methods; (5) Make a summary after the lecture. Of course, in class, teachers should pay attention to the methods of preventing "injection" and "cramming", grasp the best opportunity to impart new knowledge, make students effective after listening, and achieve the fundamental purpose of listening to lectures.

"Thinking" refers to students' thinking activities. Without thinking, students can't play the main role, and their initiative and enthusiasm can't be mobilized. In the way of thinking, students should pay attention to: (1) think more, think diligently, listen and think, and ask "why" more in the learning process. (2) think deeply, that is, trace back to the source, ask questions boldly, and "ask why"; (3) Good thinking refers to association, conjecture and induction through listening and observation; (4) Establish critical consciousness and learn to reflect. It can be said that "listening" is the key to "thinking", and "thinking" is the deepening of "listening" and the core and essential content of learning methods. Only by thinking can we "learn".

"Taking notes" means that students take notes in class. Junior high school students generally don't take reasonable class notes. Usually, students copy what the teacher writes, and use "copying" instead of "recording" and "listening" instead of "thinking". Although some students have made complete notes, they have little effect. Therefore: (1) Note-taking should obey the lecture, grasp the recording opportunity, (2) Write down the main points, doubts, problem-solving methods and ideas. (3) Remember to summarize the thinking questions after class. Let the students understand that "remembering" is for "listening" and "thinking".

Grasping the relationship between these three aspects will enable students to reach a better level in this main link of classroom learning.

2. Develop good math homework habits. Some students' homework is scrawled and the error rate is high; Some students' homework is not standardized and the format does not meet the requirements; Some students don't correct their homework in time and have no habit of reflection. "Good homework habits" refers to homework habits that are conducive to students' development. Therefore, students are required to develop good habits in math homework:

① Develop the habit of standardized operation: concentrate, be careful and write clearly, and correct mistakes in time and seriously. Don't procrastinate and hand in your homework in time, but not just to catch up.

(2) Cultivate students' habit of independence, cooperation and inquiry: students can learn to choose their own homework and write their own homework, and they can reasonably divide their work and unite and cooperate in comprehensive and research-oriented homework.

(3) Develop the habit of students' reflection on homework: through reflection on homework, sum up knowledge in time, check for leaks and fill gaps.

3. Develop the good habit of previewing before class and reviewing after class. Junior high school students are often not good at previewing and don't know what role previewing plays. Preview is just a form, and you can't see the problems and doubts at a glance. Therefore, when previewing, we should do the following: First, read roughly, first browse the relevant contents of the textbook and master the general situation of this section of knowledge. Secondly, read carefully, read and understand important formulas, theorems and laws repeatedly, pay attention to the formation process of knowledge, mark difficult concepts, and attend classes with questions. In terms of methods, classroom preview or unit preview can be used. Before preview, you can make a preview outline, so that preview has goals and priorities. Practice has proved that developing good preview habits can fully improve students' learning efficiency.

Junior high school students are often eager to finish their written homework after class, ignoring the necessary consolidation, memory and review. Therefore, the phenomenon of imitating solving problems by formulas as usual appeared, which led to doing homework in order to hand in homework and failed to consolidate and deepen the understanding of knowledge. Therefore, in this link, we should (1) read and understand the teaching materials first after class every day, review the knowledge and methods taught in class, and memorize formulas and theorems in combination with the key and difficult points of note taking. (2) Secondly, complete the homework independently, write the specification as required and express it clearly. (3) Finally, make a summary of the content of this lesson and write your own experience or postscript.

Second, cultivate a good foundation of mathematics learning:

1. Teachers should optimize the teaching process and pay attention to the cultivation of learning foundation (interest). In mathematics teaching, rural middle school students often deviate from and violate teachers' correct classroom teaching activities and requirements, resulting in disharmony between teaching and learning. This phenomenon directly affects the difficulty of improving teaching quality in a large area, and gradually affects students' interest in mathematics learning, and students' mathematics learning foundation cannot be cultivated. This phenomenon is mainly manifested in not attending classes, not doing homework after class, and not reviewing and consolidating. The direct consequence of this phenomenon is that many students change from "not listening and not doing" to "not understanding and not doing", thus forming a difficult situation. In the whole teaching process, how to eliminate students' "this phenomenon"? My experience is that different teaching methods must be adopted according to the different contents of teaching materials to stimulate and cultivate students' interest in learning. For example, when reviewing the chapter "Rational Numbers", students always think it is a review class, and they feel a sense of contempt psychologically. In view of this, I divide the content of this chapter into three levels, namely, concept level, law level and operation level, and find out the knowledge points, lessons and points that should be paid attention to in each level through discussion in a limited time, such as positive, negative, negative, number axis and absolute value meaning in the concept level. After the discussion, select the student representatives, explain them in the whole class, and finally summarize them by the teacher. Through this activity, we can not only consolidate old knowledge, but also make students in a state of "knowing how to do". For another example, I arranged such a class after learning the chapter "Quadratic Radical". I arrange for students to collect all kinds of mistakes that may occur in this chapter in advance and write them on a big piece of paper. During the break, the team leader called the whole group of students to discuss the wrong questions they found within 5 minutes before the start, and arranged the order of "participating in the war". At first, each team took turns to send "challengers" to post wrong questions on the blackboard, and other teams scrambled to answer them. If no one can correctly point out the mistake within one minute after asking the question, the challenger will answer it himself and get extra points. If the students of a team answer correctly and point out the mistakes, the team will give them extra points, and the team with the highest total score will win. The atmosphere of this class is lively, and the challenger is actively preparing. He should think hard and expose the mistakes in the chapter on "quadratic root", which is much better than simple teacher induction.

2. Teachers should emphasize that students should establish a "wrong typical problem set" to lay a solid foundation and improve their ability. Dialectically speaking, the meaning of learning lies in doing wrong questions, and only wrong questions can reflect a person's shortcomings in the learning process. The value of correcting ten wrong questions is no less than that of doing ten new ones. We must get out of the strange circle of "doing wrong once, doing wrong again, doing wrong again". Therefore, we should carefully analyze and summarize the wrong questions in every homework and exam, establish a set of "typical questions with wrong questions", find out where we were wrong at that time, and point out our "root cause", so as to realize the process from "not knowing" to "knowing".

3. Teachers should teach students to ask questions, dare to ask questions, find deficiencies from problems, and implement the foundation from deficiencies. Find problems you don't understand and actively ask others for advice. This is a very normal truth. But this is what many students can't do. There may be two reasons: first, insufficient attention has been paid to this issue; Second, I'm sorry, I'm afraid of asking teachers to be trained and asking students to be looked down upon by them. With this mentality, you can't learn anything well. "Building a car behind closed doors" will only make your problems more and more. Knowledge itself is coherent, the previous knowledge is unclear, and it will be more difficult to understand later. When these problems accumulate to a certain extent, you will gradually lose interest in the subject. Until I can't keep up. Therefore, if you have questions you don't understand, you should dare to ask your classmates and teachers. I often talk and discuss with students after work and between classes to gain students' trust and knowledge gaps, thus teaching students to dare to ask questions and solve problems.

The above is my practice and experience in mathematics teaching in rural middle schools for more than ten years. Especially since the implementation of the new curriculum reform, in the case that the rural economic and social development has a negative impact on the school teaching environment and students' learning mood, on the basis of standardizing students' learning habits and laying a good foundation, these practices are indeed feasible in practical practice and have achieved many results. This article also refers to the views and practices of other comrades, and expresses my gratitude here!