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Buddha's view of mathematics
How big is the universe?

Ask the greatest mathematician in the world to go to the most advanced computer in the world, ask him to use the largest number known to mankind to represent the scale of the universe, let all mankind be his assistant, and constantly help him add "0" after this large number. What will be the final result of calculus? The result will be "no result", and human beings will never solve this problem, because this problem itself is not a math problem.

"Infinite universe" and "Infinite universe". Philosophers in ancient and modern times have repeatedly answered this question, thinking that it is an accurate expression of the problem of cosmic scale. In fact, philosophers are not much better than mathematicians. When mathematicians can't figure it out, they have used a philosophical symbol-∞, indicating that the universe is infinite. The "nothingness" and "infinity" of philosophers themselves mean that human thinking can no longer think about this problem, or that it has no philosophical solution, so it is not a philosophical problem.

God is supreme. Compared with the universe, who is bigger than who? If there is God in the universe, then "God is supreme" is a lie. If God is not in the universe, then there is no God in the universe. No matter how theologians imagine the universe and God, they can never imagine the exact boundary between the universe and God, so there is no theological solution to the problem of "how big the universe is" and it is not a theological problem.

Just because physicists, mathematicians, philosophers and theologians can't figure out the size of the universe, it shows that there is something wrong with the problem itself. "Zhuangzi Gengsang Chu" said: "Those who are true and have nothing to do are called yeyu. Some people are long and rootless (beginning) (end), and Zhou also. " "Huainanzi Qi Customs" said: "The past is called the universe, and the four sides are called the universe." So the universe itself refers to space and time. Asking about the size of the universe is like asking about the size of pure space, the length of pure time, the mass of pure mass and the temperature of pure temperature. These questions are incomplete and lack key words.

Any space refers to the size of things, and any time refers to the length of things, so the universe refers to the space and time occupied by things. It is meaningless to ask an abstract space-time scale without the subject word "something" Just like asking the height and age of an abstract "creature", there is no answer.

In fact, when people discuss the "universe", they often stand from a completely different angle. The universe mentioned by physicists is completely different from that mentioned by philosophers, and the universe mentioned by philosophers is also completely different from that mentioned by theologians. This is not because there is any difference between space and time in the universe, but because people study time and space in completely different ways.

Obviously, the understanding of the universe can only be obtained through observation, and it must be verified through observation. Any cosmic solution that cannot be observed with the naked eye will not be accepted by physicists. Therefore, the physical universe is an observable universe, and its solution exists in the human horizon, and its scale is equal to the human horizon.

The philosophical solution of the universe must be based on the understanding of the existing things in the universe, and be induced, deduced and reasoned according to the conclusion theorem confirmed by observation. The time and space of the philosophical universe will be expanded by the thinking logic until this thinking comes to an end and it is impossible to continue thinking. The scale of this philosophical universe is equal to the human thinking universe.

The theological solution of the universe does not exclude the cosmic solution of physics and philosophy, but theologians try to explain the universe with a "God" that cannot be observed and thought. The authenticity of this "god" obviously depends on human imagination, so the scale of theological universe is equal to the limit of human imagination.