Meaning: Teaching method is a method in which teachers make a comprehensive, systematic, focused and in-depth analysis and explanation of new textbooks in language, and students listen attentively to the teacher's remarks, seriously think about various questions raised by the teacher and take some notes appropriately.

Notes on explanation methods: (1) The lecture content should be scientific, ideological, systematic and logical; (2) Teachers should be good at inspiring students to think positively; (3) Teachers should use blackboard writing properly and reasonably, so that it can complement dictation and image demonstration to facilitate students to read and take notes; (4) Teachers' language should be concise and targeted.

Advantages and disadvantages of the explanation method: Advantages: It can ensure the systematization, initiative and coherence of teachers' knowledge, easily control classroom teaching and make full use of time; Disadvantages: students are in a passive state, which is not conducive to cultivating students' self-study habits and independent thinking ability. Maybe it will become a full house irrigation.

2. Discussion method

Definition: refers to the teaching method that guides or guides students to inspire and learn from each other on a certain mathematical content in order to realize a certain teaching task.

Matters needing attention in using discussion method: (1) Make full preparations to avoid organizing students' inefficient discussion on low-level issues at will; (2) Pay attention to the summary after the discussion; (3) It should be noted that many contents of mathematics learning need independent thinking.

Advantages and disadvantages of discussion method: it can better highlight that students are the main body of learning, give full play to students' initiative and enthusiasm, promote students' thinking ability and oral expression ability, inspire students to learn from each other and enhance the spirit of cooperation.

Disadvantages of discussion method: it is not easy to control the topic and the result of discussion, it is not easy to control the time, and it is easy to lead to the reduction of classroom efficiency.

3. Self-study counseling method

Definition: Self-study guidance is a teaching method in which students learn independently, acquire knowledge, develop their abilities and form autonomous learning under the guidance of teachers. This teaching method was put forward by researcher Lu Zhongheng from Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences on the basis of experiments, which has a great influence on mathematics education in China.

The teaching process of self-study guidance method is divided into four stages: reading practice stage, inspiring self-study stage, self-study guidance stage and teaching research stage.

Advantages and disadvantages: Advantages: It embodies the educational concept of students' development. Students actively participate in learning activities, which greatly develops the potential of the brain and mobilizes the vitality of cognition, emotion, interest and motivation. It is easy to establish an equal and cooperative relationship between teachers and students. Disadvantages: the structure is loose, which is not convenient for teachers to use it on a large scale in actual teaching. It needs a series of preparation and continuous follow-up, which increases the workload of teachers.

4. Discovery method

Definition: Under the guidance of certain teaching purposes and with the guidance or encouragement of teachers, students explore and discover mathematical concepts, theorems, formulas and problem-solving methods by themselves through thinking activities such as analogy, induction, questioning and reflection.

General steps: (1) design the discovery situation to stimulate the interest in inquiry; (2) Seeking the solution to the problem; (3) exchange summary; (4) Integration of applications

Advantages and disadvantages: Advantages: Make students learn mathematical knowledge, understand mathematical thinking methods, experience the general methods of finding and exploring problems, and form the habit of questioning, exploring and researching. ? Disadvantages: time-consuming, difficult to control, fully prepared when using; Discovery teaching method needs the scientific research ability of mathematics teachers, and it is difficult for a teacher without strong scientific research ability and mathematical discovery experience to use discovery teaching method properly and freely in mathematics teaching.

practise

Meaning: This is a teaching method that enables students to master basic knowledge and skills through practice and independent work under the guidance of teachers.

Advantages: Under the proper organization of teachers, students can give full play to their main role and improve the abilities of different students.

Basic requirements: (1) Teachers should be well prepared and have multiple sets of multi-level exercises that are suitable for different students and can attract students from easy to difficult; (2) Teachers should give individual guidance and solve problems in time; (3) contact the class to fill in the dissatisfaction; (4) After practice, there should be further practice to give students a chance to practice and experience.

6. Combining lectures with practice

Meaning: This is a teaching method that combines teaching with practice through teachers' lectures and students' practice.

Advantages of the combination of lecture and practice: teachers' teaching and students' learning can be closely linked, and teachers' leading role and students' main role can be brought into full play.

Disadvantages: it is difficult to control the connection between speaking and practice, and it is difficult for teachers to predict various situations that may occur in practice.

Basic requirements for the combination of lectures and practice: (1) The explanation should be focused and detailed properly, and the key points, difficulties and key points of the textbook should be handled properly; (2) Practice should be based on speaking, but not limited to "speaking"; (3) Pay close attention to waist training with clear purpose and careful planning.

7. Selection of teaching methods

The general principle of choosing teaching methods is heuristic, which is usually considered from the following aspects:

(1) According to the purpose of mathematics teaching

(2) According to the content of mathematics teaching

(3) according to the actual situation of students

(4) According to teachers' own literacy conditions.

(5) According to the characteristics of teaching methods.