Deng Jiaxian (1924-1July 29th, 986), a famous nuclear physicist, was born in Huaining, Anhui, China, and was an academician of China Academy of Sciences. He has successively served as an assistant researcher at the Institute of Modern Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, an associate researcher at the Institute of Atomic Energy, director of the Ninth Institute of the Ministry of Nuclear Industry, deputy director of the Science and Technology Committee of the Ministry of Nuclear Industry, deputy director of the Science and Technology Committee of the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense, member of the Department of Mathematical Physics of China Academy of Sciences, and the first and second executive directors of the China Nuclear Society. He is a member of the 12th Central Committee of communist party, China. Participate in organizing and leading the research and design of China's nuclear weapons. He is one of the founders of China's theoretical research on nuclear weapons. Great contributions have been made from the principle breakthrough and test success of atomic bombs and hydrogen bombs and their weaponization to the major principle breakthrough and development test of new nuclear weapons. As a major participant, its achievements have won the first prize of the National Natural Science Award and the special prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award. He is the main organizer and leader of China's nuclear weapons research and development, and is known as the "father of the two bombs".

：

1June 25th, 924 (May 19th of the lunar calendar), Deng Jiaxian was born in Dengjiadawu, also known as Tieyanshanfang, outside Huaining County, Anhui Province. Father Deng Yizhe was a professor in Peking University at that time, and mother Wang Shupei was in charge of housework. Eight months after his birth, Deng Jiaxian came to Peiping (that is, Beijing) with his mother and two sisters. Deng Shiru (1743- 1805), a great calligrapher in Qing Dynasty, was the sixth ancestor of Deng Jiaxian. ?

1929 In September, he entered Wudinghou Primary School in Beiping, and was in the third grade. ?

1932 entered the fourth grade of Beiping Sicun Primary School and graduated. ?

1935 1 1 year old, entered Beiping Zhicheng Middle School, Grade One. ?

1936 12 years old, studying in the second grade of junior high school of Chongde Middle School in Beiping, and attending the first year of senior high school (Chongde Middle School was closed due to War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression 1939). In the past three years, he has laid a good foundation in English, mathematics and physics. In Chongde Middle School, I became friends with Yang Zhenning of Class Two, Senior High School. ?

1937 13 years old, broke out in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. Peking University and Tsinghua moved to Kunming, Yunnan. Because his father was seriously ill, the Deng Jiaxian family stayed in Beijing after the fall. ?

1939 15 years old. In September, he re-entered Beiping Zhicheng Middle School, where he was a sophomore. ?

1940 In May, in order to avoid persecution, he did not finish his second year of high school and arrived in Kunming via Haiphong and Laojie in Shanghai, Hong Kong and Vietnam. From July to September, I studied in a cram school in Kunming. In September, he entered Jiangjin No.9 Middle School for Nationalities in Sichuan, and attended the third grade of senior high school until graduation. ?

194 1 year-old, 17-year-old, enrolled in the physics department of The National SouthWest Associated University, student number: A-4795. The National Southwest Associated University, which was formed by the merger of Peking University, Tsinghua University and Nankai University, was the highest institution of learning in China during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period. Deng Jiaxian studied here for four years and benefited from it for life. Yang Zhenning is also a graduate student in the Physics Department of the General Assembly, three years senior to him, and they are closely related. At National Southwest Associated University, Deng Jiaxian joined the "People's Youth" (the peripheral organization of the * * Production Party) through the introduction of his friend Yang Dexin, and actively participated in the student movement. ?

1945 August 2 1 year-old, graduated from Deng Jiaxian University, just as War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression won the Japanese surrender. In September, I taught mathematics in Kunming Zheng Wen Middle School.

1946 1.22 years old, working as a math teacher in Kunming Peiwen Middle School. I returned to Beijing in June and worked as a teaching assistant in the Physics Department of Peking University. That year, Xu Luxi was admitted to Peking University, and they met for the first time when he was a teaching assistant in a freshman physics class.

1947, 23 years old, passed the postgraduate examination in the United States.

1948 24-year-old, graduate student in physics department of Purdue University.

1950, aged 26, received his doctorate from our university on August 20th. The doctoral thesis is Photoionization of Deuterium. On August 29th, I boarded the ship President Wilson and returned home. In September, he worked as an assistant researcher in Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, engaged in nuclear theory research.

195 1 year-old, 27 years old, joined the Jiu San Society.

28-year-old, 1952, promoted to associate researcher of Institute of Modern Physics.

1953 29 years old, married in Xu Luxi. Xu Luxi is the eldest daughter of Professor Xu Deheng.

1954, aged 30, used to be the deputy academic secretary of the Department of Mathematics and Physics of China Academy of Sciences. That year, my daughter Diandian (Deng Zhidian) was born.

1956 3 1 year-old April, joined the China * * * production party. The son Pingping (Deng Zhiping) was born. That year, in cooperation with He Xiuxiu, Xu Jianming, Yu Min and others, he published papers such as Angular Correlation of β Decay, Influence of Radiation Loss in Accelerator on Free Vibration, and Deformation of Light Nucleus in the Journal of Physics. It has done pioneering work for China's nuclear theory research.

1957 33 years old, in August, transferred to the No.9 Research Institute of the Second Machinery Department as the director of the theoretical department, leading the theoretical design of nuclear weapons. From then on, Deng Jiaxian worked incognito for 28 years until his death.

Deng Jiaxian, who was 35 years old from 65438 to 0959, chose neutron physics, fluid mechanics and physical properties under high temperature and high pressure as the main direction of developing China's first atomic bomb according to the decision of the Central Committee to "build an atomic bomb from scratch in eight years". Choosing the right main attack direction is Deng Jiaxian's most important contribution to the theoretical design of atomic bomb in China.

1962, 38 years old, September, 1 1, approved by Luo Ruiqing, the Second Engine Department reported to the Central Committee: "Two-year plan", proposing to explode China's first atomic bomb in 1964 at the latest in the first half of 1965. At this time, Deng Jiaxian and his colleagues put forward the theoretical design scheme of the atomic bomb, which laid the foundation for China's nuclear weapons research.

1963 39 years old, in February, participated in and guided the bombing simulation test before a nuclear test in a certain place in North China. In September, ordered by Marshal Nie, Deng Jiaxian and Yu Min led the original team of the Theory Department of the Ninth Academy to study the atomic bomb and undertook the theoretical design task of China's first hydrogen bomb.

1964 40 years old 10 year 10 month 16 June 15 year, China's first atomic bomb exploded successfully.

1967 43 years old 17 in June, the first hydrogen bomb explosion test in China was successful.

197 1 47 The "Cultural Revolution" invaded the Ninth Hospital, and many scientists who made great contributions were wronged and punished. Deng Jiaxian, Yu Min, Hu Side and others were also concentrated in Qinghai base area for criticism. Just then, Yang Zhenning flew to Shanghai from the United States via Paris and returned to the mainland to visit relatives for the first time. He made a list of people who met in Beijing. The first person was Deng Jiaxian. Premier Zhou Enlai ordered Deng Jiaxian to return to Beijing for a meeting, which saved a group of valuable scientists in Deng Jiaxian and China. Following Premier Zhou Enlai's instructions, Deng Jiaxian wrote to Yang Zhenning overnight: "China's atomic bombs and hydrogen bombs were all developed by China people themselves, and no foreigners participated." This letter was sent to Shanghai by a civilian flight and was given to Yang Zhenning at the farewell dinner on August 197 1.

1972, aged 48, served as vice president of the Ninth Research Institute of the Ministry of Nuclear Industry.

1979 55-year-old President of the Ninth Research Institute of the Ministry of Nuclear Industry. That year, in an experiment, the body was affected by radiation, but still insisted on working.

At the age of 56 1980, he was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences (formerly a member of the Faculty).

1982 won the first prize of national natural science at the age of 58. Elected as a member of the 12th CPC Central Committee.

At the age of 60, 1984 was rated as a national expert with outstanding contributions. That year, the underground nuclear test made a breakthrough. Deng Jiaxian happily wrote: "Red clouds are shining in the sky, and the nuclear force of fate is shaking. After 20 years of climbing the peak, the second-generation canoe has crossed the bridge. "

1985 6 1 year-old was hospitalized for rectal cancer on July 30th. That year, because of "the breakthrough and weaponization of atomic bombs" and "the breakthrough and weaponization of hydrogen bombs", it won the national special prize for scientific and technological progress.

1April 2, 986, at the age of 62, a proposal signed by Deng Jiaxian and Yu Min and containing the painstaking efforts of many scientists from No.9 Institute (Institute of Physics, China Academy of Engineering) was completed and submitted to the Central Committee. Writing a proposal to the Central Committee has brought China's nuclear weapons development into a new stage. In May, he served as deputy director of the Science and Technology Committee of the Ministry of Nuclear Industry and deputy director of the Science and Technology Committee of the Science, Technology and Industry Committee for National Defense. Won the first prize of National Natural Science Award in May. /kloc-was awarded the title of "National Model Worker" by the State Council in July, 0/7. On July 29th, he died in Beijing. On August 3rd, the memorial service was held in Babaoshan, Beijing.

1989 won the national special prize for scientific and technological progress for "a major breakthrough in nuclear weapons" on the third anniversary of his death.

1September, 99918th, on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the founding of New China, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the State Council and the Central Military Commission solemnly commended 23 scientific and technological experts who have made outstanding contributions to the cause of "two bombs and one satellite" in China, and awarded the "two bombs and one satellite meritorious medal". Yu Min,,, Zhu Guangya, Sun Jiadong, Ren Xinmin, Wu, Chen Nengkuan, Zhou, Qian Xuesen, Tu Shoue, Cheng Jiakai and Peng Huanwu were awarded the "Two Bombs and One Satellite" Meritorious Medal, and Wang Gaochang, Deng Jiaxian, Zhao Jiuzhang, Yao Tongbin and Peng Huanwu were posthumously awarded.

Reference source: Baidu Encyclopedia-Deng Jiaxian