From the perspective of teachers' teaching, the main reason is that teachers lack the foresight of all kinds of thinking misunderstandings that students may have in this knowledge point and cannot eliminate the problems in the classroom. On the other hand, after mistakes appear, teachers also lack the collection and analysis of students' wrong questions, so they can't give timely and targeted guidance in the later teaching process. Therefore, it is very necessary to collect and diagnose students' mistakes. To find, analyze, correct and prevent mistakes, we should: understand the correct things from the opposite side; You can trace the source and find out the cause of the mistake, so as to prescribe the right medicine; Answer questions completely and reason strictly. This can improve students' follow-up study more effectively. By asking students to set up a math "error correction book" (including self-analysis of wrong questions, error correction and error reasons), we can collect wrong questions and record the knowledge or reasoning that is easy to make mistakes at ordinary times to prevent them from making mistakes again.
Friedenthal said: "The only correct way to learn mathematics is to implement' re-creation', that is, students discover or create what they want to learn. The task of teachers is to guide and help students to do this kind of re-creation work, rather than instilling ready-made knowledge into students. " Some teachers say that there is so much homework every day that it is difficult to sort out the wrong questions every day. In fact, you can first press chapters, then press units, and then classify wrong questions according to knowledge points, or set up some special topics, such as proving common mistakes in questions. The selection method of wrong questions: by scanning students' homework in time every day, summarize the wrong questions that have been done in the homework in time; Typical mistakes of students found in the teaching process; Look at the wrong questions on the test paper, analyze the reasons for losing points, correct and fill in the blanks in time, concentrate the wrong questions, change the way, and practice repeatedly until you really have a solid grasp.
Second, let "error correction" become a study habit of students.
Students put the wrong questions in homework, exercises and test papers into a book, which is convenient for finding the weak links in learning, making the learning focus prominent and learning more targeted, thus improving learning efficiency and academic performance. We must make students understand the significance of establishing "correcting mistakes" and gradually make it a study habit of students.
1. The Error Correction Book is a systematic summary of its own mistakes. Summing up the mistakes together, it is easy to see the regularity.
2. The book of correcting mistakes can change students' attitude towards mistakes, and the attitude towards wrong questions is the key to reducing wrong questions. Mistakes are precious, because mistakes can make students realize their own shortcomings, and they can't be ignored because there are few wrong questions or simple reasons. A mistake is actually a blind spot. If you don't take a positive attitude towards mistakes, or lack an ideal way to solve them, mistakes will happen at any time, and often happen repeatedly. We must treat mistakes "kindly" and "strictly".
3. "Error Correction Book" can help students get rid of bad habits. It is the most critical link to analyze the causes of errors and make clear whether they are errors in answering questions or errors in thinking methods, knowledge and operation.
In order for students to learn how to set up a "revised edition", it is the key to know how to choose the wrong questions efficiently.
First, the overall reading is wrong. Don't forget the notebook for the problems that you can actually do because of carelessness. You just need to mark your exercise books and test papers and keep them. When you are free, go and see them. For this kind of problem, you just need to deepen your impression and avoid making mistakes again. There is no need to copy those questions that are easy to find out mistakes and can be understood without spending too much time.
Second, we should write down the mistakes that we often make and the topics that we can't fully grasp after listening to the teacher's explanation, analyze the reasons for the mistakes, and then deal with them and get familiar with them. However, it should be noted that copying is not simply copying the title process into the book, but focusing on analyzing your own wrong steps and ideas and unexpected points. In this way, even if you can't find the test paper when reviewing, you can still review by reading the "corrected version". However, don't take "correcting the wrong book" as an exercise book. You should understand all the topics in the "error correction book" thoroughly, and don't make similar mistakes next time, so as to improve the follow-up study.
Third, in junior high school math problems, such as some key and difficult problems, even if they are not wrong, as long as they are not fully mastered, it is necessary to extract them and record the complete problems, problem-solving ideas, knowledge points, analysis, correct answers, summary and so on. , so as to provide a strong guarantee for improving follow-up learning, but also a kind of knowledge accumulation, practice makes perfect!
Fourth, teachers should use their eyes, ears and hands when marking papers, write down key points, correct wrong questions and take notes to prevent them from forgetting some key points in the future. Of course, it is the best way to improve the follow-up study by using spare time and self-study to look at the wrong questions, deepen understanding and promote mastery.
Third, guide students to learn how to use the "corrected version" correctly.
1. Read frequently. Always "encounter" mistakes, just like the problem of "1 1=2", even in dreams, there will be no mistakes. Reading "correcting the wrong book" is equivalent to reading your own wrong questions twice, and then constantly training and repeating them. Later, seeing this type of questions will soon be reflected. Weak places are not enough for a while, but also need appropriate intensive training.
2. Learn to communicate with each other. Being an "error correction book" is the least feared. On the contrary, accuracy and rich content are the characteristics of a good "correction book". Students exchange "correcting books", learn from each other, inspire each other, and look for "gold" in "wrong questions" in order to improve together.
3. Be good at expanding functions. It is suggested to improve several functions in the "error correction book", just like the module, to make the "error" very clear, such as: marking the causes of errors such as "conceptual error", "thinking error", "understanding error" and "examination error"; Mark "wrong knowledge points" and so on; Write the methods and skills of answering questions.
4. stick to it. Stick to it, don't be lazy, accumulate it bit by bit, so that you can have a well-thought-out plan, draw inferences from others, and be handy when necessary.
5. Be good at leaving blank spaces. Leave a blank on one side of the notebook so that you can write down your thoughts and feelings at any time. When the teacher explains the correct answer, students should write down the reasons for not doing or doing something wrong in the blank space below the original question with a red pen, and finally do the original question step by step according to the teacher's correct thinking, deepen the impression and gradually form the ability. If there are many solutions to this problem, you can write down the brief ideas of several solutions with another colored pen.
As the saying goes, learn from mistakes. Junior high school students don't need to stay up late under the lights, nor do they need to wander endlessly in the sea. It is most important for everyone to have a set of learning methods that suit them. You know, today's error correction and leak detection is a powerful guarantee for tomorrow's final exam. If students can organize their exercises and simulated test papers into a "correction book", browse it again. Pay more attention to the wrong questions, analyze the causes of the mistakes, thoroughly understand the knowledge points involved, get inspiration from the wrong questions, and avoid making similar mistakes in the exam, then students' follow-up study will be greatly improved, and their academic performance will also be greatly improved.