According to the calculation, by the end of 20 16, the total number of elevators in China will be about 4.9 million. This is the data revealed by Jia, deputy director of the Special Equipment Bureau of the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, at the recent 20 17 China (Shanghai) elevator industry innovation and development exchange seminar.
According to public information, elevators have been widely installed in high-rise buildings, including many high-rise houses, since the 1990s. As a special equipment, the use of elevators also has a "life".
20 15 In September, Zhang Hongwei, Director of Elevator Division of Special Equipment Bureau of AQSIQ, was a guest at Voice of China. By the end of 20 14, there were 82,000 elevators with service life exceeding 15 in China, and some of them had serious accidents.
In mid-March this year, the White Paper on Elevator Safety issued by Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province stated that by the end of 20 16, there were more than 25,000 elevators in use in Hangzhou.
Almost at the same time, according to the data released by Fuzhou, Fujian Province, as of the end of February this year, there were 46,728 registered elevators in Fuzhou, and there were 1963 old elevators with a service life of more than 15 years.
According to the statistics of Beijing Quality Supervision Bureau, by the end of June of 20 16, the total number of elevators in Beijing had reached 20 10,000, of which 27,000 had been used for more than10 years.
In reality, such a large number of old elevators are still in use, which has become a major hidden danger affecting elevator safety.
In Hangzhou, by the end of 2065438+2006, * * had received 3940 fault alarms of old elevators, accounting for 5.5% of the total number, which was twice the average failure rate.
In Beijing, on 20 15, Beijing Quality Supervision Bureau received 4222 elevator complaints. Of the 3,053 old residential elevators included in the high-risk assessment, only 17 1 elevator is operating normally, and another 2,882 elevators have potential safety hazards.
In this regard, Liu Junhai, a professor at the Law School of Renmin University of China and director of the Institute of Commercial Law, told the Legal Daily reporter that old elevators are easy to endanger the personal safety of residents, and all parties concerned must pay enough attention to them.
Xu Ronggen, secretary-general of Beijing Elevator Chamber of Commerce, told the reporter of Legal Daily that old elevators should be dealt with in time to ensure the safe travel of ordinary people, and government departments should also take measures to ensure that everyone can take elevators safely.
According to the relevant provisions of the Regulations on Safety Supervision of Special Equipment, special equipment has serious hidden dangers, has no renovation and maintenance value, or exceeds the service life specified in the safety technical specifications. Users of special equipment should be scrapped in time and go through cancellation procedures with the original registered special equipment safety supervision and management department.
Xu Ronggen believes that the current "aging" of elevators is very serious for many reasons. On the one hand, elevators in many old communities are aging and worn, and they have not been well maintained after long-term use; On the other hand, people still lack elevator safety awareness and pay insufficient attention to it.
"The key question is who will pay the bill. Whether it is to renovate the elevator or replace the elevator, it needs a lot of money. " Xu Ronggen said.
A person in charge of the special department of Beijing Quality Supervision Bureau once said: "Overall, the problem of insufficient funds for the maintenance, renovation and renewal of residential elevators is very prominent, which leads to the failure to solve the safety problem of residential elevators in a timely and effective manner."
According to the "Regulations on Safety Supervision of Special Equipment", if the service life of special equipment exceeds the service life specified in the safety technical specifications, the user of special equipment shall scrap it in time. According to the public information, the reporter did not find the relevant regulations on the mandatory retirement period of elevators.
More importantly, even after the elevator is scrapped, who will solve the cost of replacing the elevator? The problem in reality is that after the old elevator is scrapped, especially in the old community, there is no such special fund, or the old elevator can't find a property right unit and can't be replaced.
Liu Junhai believes that from the perspective of elevator safety, to eliminate the safety hazards of old elevators as soon as possible, the scrapped ones must be scrapped. "For the old elevators that can't find the property right unit, in principle, whoever has the property right is responsible for paying the elevator maintenance fee; If the property rights belong to individuals, according to the provisions of the Property Law on building ownership, elevator maintenance fees need to be paid by households. "
Liu Junhai said that elevator enterprises should also be brave enough to assume social responsibilities. For the sold elevators, either a lifetime warranty is implemented, or there is an agreed free period for the warranty expenses of the sold elevators.
Xu Ronggen's point of view is that it is best to clearly stipulate this through legislation at the national level, so that the responsibilities of all parties concerned can be divided according to law.
On March 1 day this year, the Measures for Elevator Safety Management in Hebei Province came into effect. According to this method, if the elevators in residential areas have potential safety hazards and need to be overhauled, updated and transformed, the required funds will be raised in the following ways: if the special maintenance funds for residential buildings have been established, they will be charged from the special maintenance funds for residential buildings according to the Measures for the Administration of Special Maintenance Funds for Residential Buildings; Elevator failure endangers personal and property safety and needs to be overhauled, updated and transformed. Without the consent of the owners whose exclusive parts account for more than two-thirds of the construction area and more than two-thirds of the total number, they can directly apply for the use of special residential maintenance funds; If the special maintenance funds for residential buildings are not set up or insufficient, if the owners have an agreement on the expenses, it shall be implemented in accordance with the agreement; If there is no agreement or the agreement is unclear, it shall be borne by the elevator owner.
On February 27th last year, the Special Equipment Bureau of the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine organized a symposium on elevator legislation. Members of the drafting working group of elevator safety regulations of the Special Equipment Bureau and the reform task group of elevator safety supervision attended the meeting. Representatives of industry organizations and enterprises attending the meeting generally look forward to accelerating the pace of legislation.