1, the essence of mathematics is its freedom. cornel
2. Mathematics is an infinite science. Herman Weil
3. Mathematics is symbol plus logic. Bertrand Russell
4. Half proof is equal to 0,-gauss.
5. Mathematics dominates the universe. Pythagoras
6. Mathematics is the key to science. bacon
7. Pure mathematics is a magician's real wand. Novalis
8. Mathematics is the highest achievement of human thinking. Misra
9. Mathematics is the king of science. Gauss
10, mathematics is all kinds of proof skills. -Wittgenstein
We appreciate math and we need it. Chen shengshen
12, mathematics is the highest form of all knowledge. -Plato
13, life is only for two things, developing mathematics and teaching mathematics. -Porsin
14, mathematics is a culture that will continue to evolve. Wilde
15. Mathematics is the brightest pearl in the crown of human wisdom. -Courtney
16, learning mathematics, there will never be excessive efforts.
17. Mathematics is the theory of studying abstract structures.
18, mathematics is the symbol that God describes nature.
19, the first is mathematics, the second is mathematics, and the third is mathematics.
20. Mathematics is a clever art. ..
2 1, the queen of mathematics and science; Number theory, the queen of mathematics.
22. Mathematicians are fascinated by nature. Without infatuation, there is no math.
23. God created integers, and the rest are man-made. -Kroneck
24. Mathematicians are actually fascinated. Without infatuation, there is no math. Novalis
What pleases me most about mathematics is what can be proved. Bertrand Russell
26. In mathematics, we find that the main tools of truth are induction and simulation. Laplace
27. The great architecture of the universe is now beginning to appear as a pure mathematician. ——JH· Jings
28. The motive force of mathematical invention is not reasoning, but imagination. Augustus de Morgan
29. Non-mathematical induction plays an indispensable role in mathematical research. -Shure
30. The main goals of mathematics are the public interest and the explanation of natural phenomena. Fourier transformation
3 1, new mathematical methods and concepts are often more important than solving mathematical problems themselves. -Hua
32. Mathematics is the study of quantitative relations and spatial forms in real life. -Engels
I always try my best to get rid of that heavy and monotonous calculation. Napier
34. Mathematics is a rational spirit, which enables human thinking to be applied to the most perfect degree. Klein
35. Mathematics is an unshakable cornerstone of science and a rich source of promoting the progress of human cause. -Barrow
Mathematical origin
Mathematics is a science that studies the relationship between spatial form and quantity in the real world. Including arithmetic, algebra, geometry, trigonometry, analytic geometry, calculus and so on. Primary school mathematics refers to the basic knowledge of arithmetic, simple algebra and geometry.
With the development of human society, mathematical science has its own development process. A·H· Colmo Golov, an academician of the former Soviet Academy of Sciences, once divided the history of mathematical development into four stages: in the first stage, the concept of natural numbers, calculation methods and simple geometric figures were produced, and in the later stage, the writing of numbers, arithmetic operations of numbers and the application of some geometric figures appeared to solve simple algebraic problems; The second stage gradually formed branches of elementary mathematics, namely, arithmetic, algebra, geometry and trigonometry; The third stage, the establishment of analytic geometry, calculus, probability theory and other disciplines; In the fourth stage, there have been major breakthroughs in computer science, many branches of applied mathematics and some problems of pure mathematics.
China Mathematics has made outstanding contributions in the history of world mathematics development. As early as ancient times, people used knots to indicate the number of things. A large number of symmetrical patterns, such as straight lines, triangles, circles, squares, diamonds, pentagons and hexagons, were painted on painted pottery, and geometric figures were also found on the bases of house ruins, indicating that ancient people had already had the concepts of numbers and shapes to some extent.
On the painted pottery bowls in the Neolithic Age, there are many depicting symbols, including,, ×,+and so on. Probably the earliest notation symbol in China. After the appearance of characters, special characters and decimal notation appeared in Oracle bone inscriptions in Yin Shang Dynasty, and ruler and moment were used as simple drawing and measuring tools. Records of the Laws of the Pre-Han Dynasty recorded the method of expressing numbers and calculating with bamboo sticks, which was called calculation and compilation. In the early Spring and Autumn Period, multiplication formula was called "99" Song Dynasty, which has become a very common knowledge.
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, academic prosperity produced quite wonderful and valuable mathematical ideas; In the 6th century BC, there was a simple algorithm of volume and proportion distribution, and the data of scores and angles were recorded in the examination records. In the Qin Shihuang period, the weights and measures were unified, and the decimal unit of measurement was basically adopted, and the definitions of geometric nouns and geometric propositions were put forward in Mo Jing. Du Zhong Arithmetic and Xu Shang Arithmetic are the earliest mathematical monographs, but both of them have been lost. Up to now, the ancient mathematics monograph is The Book of Arithmetic, with more than 60 subheadings and more than 90 topics. The contents of the book involve four operations of integers and fractions, proportion, area and volume, etc. , and contains mathematical ideas such as "combination and division" and "less and wider".
Nine Chapters Arithmetic, an ancient mathematical masterpiece, was written in 1 century in the early Eastern Han Dynasty. This book lists 246 math problems and their solutions. * * * There are nine chapters in total: The first chapter "Square domain" introduces the calculation of land area, including the formulas of square, rectangle, triangle, trapezoid, circle and ring, the approximate formulas of bow area and spherical area, the calculation methods of quartering, divisor, general division and finding the greatest common divisor. The second chapter "Millet" introduces the proportion of various grain conversions and the method to solve the proportion, which is called "skillful presentation"; The third chapter "Cuǐ" introduces the distribution of materials according to grades or the proportional distribution of taxes according to certain standards, arithmetic progression, geometric series and so on. The fourth chapter "Shao Guang" introduces the method of finding the square root or square root of the side length or edge length of a known square area or cube volume, and the diameter of a known sphere volume. The fifth chapter "quotient work" introduces the calculation of solid volume, including the calculation formulas of cuboid, prism, pyramid, frustum, cylinder, cone, frustum and wedge. The sixth chapter introduces the calculation of reasonable tax sharing. According to the conditions of population, price and distance, the direct ratio, inverse ratio, complex ratio and arithmetic progression of migrant workers are calculated. The seventh chapter "insufficient profit" introduces profit and loss problem's algorithm; Chapter 8 "Equation" introduces the problem of simultaneous equation, introduces the concept of negative number and the law of addition and subtraction of positive and negative numbers. Chapter 9 "Pythagorean Theorem" introduces the application of Pythagorean Theorem and simple measurement problems. Since then, famous mathematicians in history, such as Liu Hui, Zu Chongzhi, Li and Jia Xian, have made in-depth research and annotation on Nine Chapters Arithmetic, and put forward many new concepts and methods. In such fields as proof of Pythagorean theorem, repetition, secant, approximate value of pi, volume formula of sphere, solution of quadratic and cubic equations, etc. The congruence formula and the solution of indefinite equation have made important new contributions.
China's ancient mathematical monographs include Pythagoras Square, Notes on Nine Chapters of Arithmetic, Arithmetic Classics of Sun Tzu, Arithmetic of Five Classics, Composition Techniques, etc. What needs to be pointed out in particular is that Liu Hui rigorously demonstrated most mathematical methods in Notes on Arithmetic in Nine Chapters, and gave clear explanations to some mathematical concepts, which laid a solid theoretical foundation for the development of mathematics in China. Zu Chongzhi put forward a more accurate pi than Liu Hui in seal script, which became a great achievement universally recognized. The illustration, multiplication and division of "root" in Jia Xian's Nine Chapters of Arithmetic of Huangdi, as well as the grandson's problem in Sunzi's Calculation Classics, the hundred chickens' problem in Zhang Qiujian's Calculation Classics, abacus calculation and abacus calculation have had a far-reaching influence on the development history of world mathematics.
Mathematics learning method
The examination questions are in essence, not in quantity.
The improvement of mathematical ability is inseparable from doing problems. Everyone knows the simple truth that "practice makes perfect". But the problem is not to engage in sea tactics, but to think of many problems through one problem.
You should focus on the thinking process of solving problems, find out the significance and role of basic mathematical knowledge and basic mathematical ideas in solving problems, and study various ways to solve the same mathematical problem with different thinking methods. In the process of analyzing and solving problems, you should not only establish the horizontal connection of knowledge, but also develop the habit of thinking from multiple angles.
Instead of rushing in a class and sweating twenty or thirty repetitive questions, it is better to master a typical problem thoroughly.
For example, deeply understand the various connotations of a concept and try to deal with a typical problem in many ways from many ideas, that is, multiple solutions to one problem.
We should try to use * * * to explore the law of problems, that is, to solve more problems. Constantly change the conditions of the topic and test your knowledge from all aspects, that is, a topic is changeable.
The value of a question lies not in doing it right or doing it right, but in knowing what the question wants to test you.
Understanding the problem from this angle can not only quickly find a breakthrough in solving the problem, but also not easily enter the trap set by the teacher.
Analyze test papers and sum up experience.
There are some mistakes in every exam, which is not terrible. It is important to avoid similar mistakes in future exams. After each monthly exam or test, you can analyze yourself with the help of the test paper:
Usually pay attention to write down the wrong questions. The wrong notes include three aspects:
(1) Write down what the error is, preferably in red.
(2) What is the cause of the error? Analyze from four aspects: examining questions, classifying, copying knowledge and finding answers.
(3) Error correction methods and precautions. According to the analysis of the cause of the error, put forward the correction method to remind yourself what to pay attention to next time you encounter similar situations.
If you can record and analyze the mistakes in each exam or exercise, and try your best to ensure that the same mistakes will not occur in the next exam, the probability of making mistakes in the senior high school entrance examination will be greatly reduced.
Turn good practices into habits.
Good habits will benefit for life, bad habits will regret for life and suffer for life. For example, does "mistakes in examining questions" lie in being eager for success?
The tactics of "one slow and one quick" can be adopted, that is, the examination of questions should be slow and clear, the steps should be in place, the action should be fast, the work should be gradual, the stability should be fast, and the success should be based on one time. Don't get into the bad habit of being afraid of not finishing, rushing to do things and hoping to be checked.
In addition, the general examination is regarded as an important way to accumulate examination experience, and the general examination is regarded as the senior high school entrance examination, which is constantly debugged and gradually adapted from all aspects. Pay attention to the writing standard, you can't lose important steps, and losing steps means losing points.
According to the characteristics of graded answers, we might as well make a psychological transposition. According to their own actual situation, from the requirement of "correctly completing all homework" to the requirement of "based on completing some topics or some topics". Don't spend too much time on a problem, sometimes giving up may be the best choice.