Because the length of pendulum chain is 4m, AC = 1/2 * 4 = 2m, BC = 2m.
And CD = ACCOS 30 = 2 * (root number 3)/2= root number 3.
So BD=BC-CD=2- root number 3
That is to say, the difference between the height of the swing to the highest position and the height of the swing to the lowest position is (root 3 of 2) meters.