Basic knowledge, skills, thoughts and activities of mathematics. Basic knowledge-generally refers to the basic concepts, basic properties, basic laws and basic formulas involved in mathematics courses. Basic skills include basic skills such as calculation, measurement and drawing. Basic knowledge and skills are the most elementary and basic mathematical knowledge and skills that students must have in order to adapt to further study or work in the future. The basic ideas of mathematics mainly refer to the ideas of mathematical abstraction, mathematical reasoning and mathematical model. Mathematics thought is the basis of the occurrence and development of mathematics discipline, the basis of exploring mathematics and the essence of mathematics course teaching. -After a person finishes his studies and enters the society, if he doesn't work in related fields of mathematics, most of the specific mathematical theorems and formulas he has learned may not be used, and he will gradually forget them after a few years, but if he learns the above mathematical ideas at the same time, he will certainly benefit for life.

The educational significance of mathematical activities lies in that students gain perceptual knowledge, emotional experience, mathematical consciousness, mathematical ability and mathematical literacy with individual characteristics by personally experiencing the process of mathematical activities. The formation of students' wisdom depends not only on mastering rich knowledge, but also on practice and gaining experience in practice. Mathematical thought is not only formed in exploration and deduction, but also accumulated in mathematical activities.

The "four bases" are an organic whole, which are interrelated and promote each other. Basic knowledge and skills are the main carriers of mathematics teaching, which need to spend more classroom time; Mathematical thinking is the essence of mathematics teaching and the main line of classroom teaching; Mathematics activity is an indispensable teaching form. While paying attention to basic knowledge and skills in teaching, we should also pay attention to the cultivation of students' basic mathematical thoughts, and pay attention to students' participation in basic mathematical activities and understanding of basic activity experience. This kind of teaching has a positive and long-term impact on students' physical and mental development.