1. Preview. Preview of autonomous learning is an important link for students to acquire basic knowledge independently. According to the principle of "help-release", we can first set up a "guiding learning outline" and design a series of questions to guide us from two aspects: "what to learn" and "how to learn". When students have a certain practice on how to preview, the outline will be gradually simplified, and finally students will lose their crutches to guide the outline and embark on the road of self-study.

2. Encourage students to think independently and express their opinions boldly. Mr. Lv Shuxiang once said: "In class, we should focus on students' activities and minimize teachers' activities." Mobilize students' sense of participation, let them express their opinions and dare to discuss with teachers and classmates; Provide students with opportunities to participate, so that all teaching activities revolve around how students learn.

A. Panel discussion

In the classroom, group discussions and classroom communication are often designed to make students become the masters of learning, to promote students to constantly reflect on their own thinking process, and to analyze and think about other students' ideas and make their own judgments. This kind of cooperative learning provides each student with an opportunity to express himself, which not only enriches and comprehensively understands his own knowledge, but also cultivates the spirit of cooperation among students. For example, when evaluating cloze in the past, the teacher analyzed it in detail. Students have to listen whether they understand or not, which is very passive and easily distracted. It takes about 20 minutes to complete a gestalt, which is difficult for both teachers and students. Later, in the form of group discussion, the teacher gives the answers first, the students check the answers, and then discuss and exchange opinions in groups. In this way, most of the problems can be solved by the students themselves, and the teacher only explains the difficulties. In this way, students can not only grasp the difficulties, but also study deeply, killing two birds with one stone.

B. Be a primary school teacher.

In the teaching process, let students act as primary school teachers and let them explain some reading comprehension questions. Let them explain the reasons for the multiple-choice questions from their own perspectives and ideas. Some students did a good job, not only telling their own reasons, but also telling the reasons for their confusion and mistakes. People who listen benefit a lot. Teachers can learn more about students, grasp the key points, adjust the teaching direction, and cultivate students' ability of independent thinking and independent learning.