(1)① According to the change law of isobar, the wind direction of the ground can be obtained; In winter, there will be polar night and aurora in the Arctic.

(2) Looking at the map, Eurasia is the center of high pressure. In winter in the northern hemisphere, the terminator line is tangent to 70 north latitude, and the days in the northern hemisphere are short and the nights are long. The higher the latitude, the shorter the day, and the polar night appears in the area north of 70 north latitude.

(3) The geographical position of the Arctic Ocean is important, and there are abundant mineral resources such as oil, and the international competition is becoming increasingly fierce.

So the answer is:

(1) northwest wind; Extreme night, Aurora.

(2) The days are short and the nights are long. The higher the latitude, the shorter the day, and the polar night appears in the area north of 70 north latitude.

(3) The Arctic Ocean is rich in resources; It is a convenient sea passage connecting three continents; Expand the living space and relieve the pressure of land environment.