Students who take the postgraduate entrance examination know that the political outline of the postgraduate entrance examination will probably be released in August every year. At this stage, in order to make a targeted review, Haitian Postgraduate Entrance Examination teacher will make a prediction and analysis of the new syllabus every year, so that everyone can know the political dynamics in advance and how to study at this stage.

The political subjects of 20 10 postgraduate entrance examination have changed greatly, and the test sites have changed greatly. After the new syllabus of 20 1 1 was released, we carefully compared the syllabus of 20 10, and found that there were no changes in the subject scope, examination form, test paper structure, etc., mainly because some test sites changed to varying degrees, involving 1 1 test sites, of which five were added. Therefore, we think that the outline of 20 12 should continue the trend of 20 1 1, and the changes will mainly be reflected in the test sites. Specifically:

The related knowledge points involved in the 90th anniversary of the founding of the Party may be emphasized in the outline.

Knowledge points around:

1. Party building, especially how to strengthen and improve the new Party building under the new situation;

2. The Party's fine tradition and advanced nature;

3. Why does the historical contribution and mission of the Party represent the interests of the people of China?

4. What is the experience and theoretical summary of the great achievements made by New China under the leadership of the Party?

Reflect social hot issues

It is a trend to combine the politics of postgraduate entrance examination with the hot social issues, so the hot social issues of 20 12 should be noted as follows:

1. How to treat a series of social contradictions in China?

2. How to treat the difficulties of employment, medical treatment, education equity and widening income gap?

3. What do you think of corruption?

4. What do you think of educational equity?

5. How to treat the Party's mistakes and achievements in the process of construction?

For each course, political examinees should pay attention to the following aspects:

1, Introduction to the Basic Principles of Marxism, 22 points. When reviewing, we should give priority to dialectics and epistemology. In the process of review, the key is to understand the relevant principles and comprehensively grasp some important concepts from the perspectives of definition, relationship and methodology.

2. Introduction to the theoretical system of Mao Zedong Thought and Socialism with Chinese characteristics (referred to as "Introduction"). It includes three parts: the general theory of Marxism in China, Mao Zedong's new democratic revolution theory and Socialism with Chinese characteristics theory formed in the process of reform and opening up. Among them, Socialism with Chinese characteristics Theory is the most important. For the politics of 20 12 postgraduate entrance examination, knowledge points related to party building, tradition and achievements will be an important concern.

3. Outline of Modern History of China (hereinafter referred to as "Outline"). The real political problems in 20 10 and 20 1 1 are all related to the establishment of new China. This knowledge point is not expected to be repeated this year, and the comparison before and after the founding of the Party may be the focus, including the comparison of China society before and after the founding of the Party; The difference between China * * * producers and other parties; The significance of the founding of the Party to China's revolution and construction.

4. Ideological and moral cultivation and legal foundation (referred to as "foundation"), which includes three parts: political thought, morality and law. 20 12 will focus on the law, mainly the society ruled by law and the concept of the rule of law. Because 20 10 and 20 1 1 focus on morality, it is expected to change this year.

5. Situation and policy and contemporary world economy and politics. This course is about the understanding, judgment and proposition of the CPC Central Committee on the current international situation and policies. Overall basic judgment: first, peace and development are the themes of the times; Second, the trend of multipolarization and globalization; Third, the relationship between China and the world; This year, a series of government collapses occurred in the Middle East and North Africa. On the occasion of the 90th anniversary of the founding of the Party, how to treat political events in other countries, how to consolidate social stability under the leadership of the Party, how to eliminate external interference, constantly solve social problems and promote social progress and harmony?

English

English for postgraduate entrance examination has been basically fixed from 2005 to 20 12, but the content of the exam has changed slightly, such as vocabulary examination, and the number of words may change slightly. Therefore, the majority of candidates don't have to care too much about the changes in English for the postgraduate entrance examination next year. Before the 20 12 English syllabus comes out, you can review it step by step according to the 20 1 1 English syllabus.

Regarding whether and how the syllabus will change, Haitian postgraduate teacher thinks that this year's syllabus will continue the style of last year. The whole test paper 100 mark consists of three parts: English knowledge application, reading part and writing part.

As for the cloze part, the content and form of the test must be the same as the original question. It is still to draw 20 spaces in an article of about 280 words, and each space has 4 options. Test sites should remain unchanged, such as word meaning analysis, fixed collocation (verbs and prepositions, adjectives and prepositions, adjectives and nouns, etc. ), as well as the investigation of conjunctions (choose appropriate conjunctions according to the logical relationship between clauses and paragraphs, etc. ).

The traditional four reading articles have been basically fixed in the types of questions, namely, semantic questions, attitude questions, inference questions, details questions and topic questions. From the content point of view, some articles are easy to read but difficult to get the title right, and some articles are difficult to read but the title is relatively simple. No matter what kind of article, everyone is required to master the answering skills and problem-solving ideas through the study of real questions over the years, and adopt different coping strategies for different topics.

Looking at the new types of questions, we feel that the probability of sorting questions is still very high. It is necessary to examine the logical thinking ability of candidates and sort the whole article in a certain order according to the prompt of the context. When answering such questions, candidates must pay attention to the thinking and skills of answering questions, such as taking the given options as a breakthrough and answering questions according to the principle of proximity. Pay attention to the symmetry and juxtaposition of sentence patterns, the substitution of synonyms and the referential relationship of pronouns when answering questions.

Formally speaking, the examination center will not change. Translation, as another subjective question besides composition, is considered to be a very difficult one, but in recent years, students' translation achievements are still considerable, and 10 can get 6 or 7 points. This fully shows that students' reading comprehension ability is improving.

Basically, the three-stage investigation of writing has also been fixed. In order to get high marks in writing, students must pay attention to accumulating writing core vocabulary, beautiful sentence patterns and English expression habits during practice. Therefore, giving students three suggestions can also be three highlights of writing: ① using independent nominative form; ② There are more passive sentences; (3) Use brackets.

Finally, I remind you that it is absolutely no problem to review according to the 1 1 year postgraduate entrance examination outline. With regard to English review, it is very important to be familiar with the real questions. The application of English knowledge: it must take time; Reading: four traditional reading comprehension, focusing on skilled problem-solving ideas and answering skills; Attention should be paid to the basic skills of English-Chinese translation, and more points and more combinations should be made in peacetime; Writing: Be sure to read more and practice more.

mathematics

The outline of postgraduate entrance examination plays an important role in the review of candidates, and there are guidelines to follow, so that the review can be targeted. For students preparing for the 20 12 postgraduate entrance examination, an examination outline is needed during the review process, and the 20 12 examination outline will not come out until the middle and late August. Therefore, the teacher of Haitian Postgraduate Entrance Examination suggested that students should review according to the mathematics outline of last year's postgraduate entrance examination, and then wait until the outline of 20 12 exam comes out to check for missing places and focus on reviewing the changed test sites. What will happen to the new outline of 20 12? Firstly, from the comparative analysis of the outlines in recent years, the outline of mathematics postgraduate entrance examination in 20 12 years is preliminarily predicted.

In recent years, the outlines of Math 1 and Math 2 have hardly changed in content except for the modification and changes of individual words and punctuation marks, so the new outline of 20 12 will not change much, and the content and requirements of the exam should be similar to last year, so candidates of Math 1 and Math 2 can review according to last year's outline. When the new examination syllabus comes out, students will compare it to see if there are any changes. If there is no change, they will review it as planned. If there is any change, students must seriously think about the changed part and practice it, consolidate it by doing the questions to meet the outline requirements, and conduct a comprehensive review according to the outline. As for Math III, the Ministry of Education began to integrate the original Math III and Math IV in 2009, which was called "Math III" after integration, which was a relatively big year of adjustment. Since then, the three outlines of mathematics have remained stable in 20 10 and 20 1 1 year. Therefore, it is predicted that there will not be much adjustment this year.

Judging from the setting of questions, there has been no change in the last four years, with 8 choices, 6 blanks and 9 answers.

Judging from the proportion of content, in recent years, 56% of the candidates who count one and three have high numbers, 22% are line generation and probability, 78% are high numbers and 22% are line generation. This proportional distribution of knowledge structure is more in line with the requirements of mathematical knowledge structure and ability that graduate students of different majors should have.

In fact, candidates are concerned about the outline, mainly the difficulty of the test paper. Generally speaking, in recent years, the members of the mathematics proposition group are basically stable, and the difficulty of the mathematics test paper is gradually stable. In recent years, the difficulty of examination questions has basically not fluctuated greatly.

Through the analysis of the contents and requirements of the mathematics examination syllabus in recent years, we summarize the key points and difficulties of the postgraduate mathematics as follows:

Advanced mathematics group

Function, limit, continuous part, two important limits, the limit of undetermined formula, equivalent infinitesimal substitution, the existence of limit, the judgment and classification of discontinuous points, all of which have a high probability of appearing in real questions over the years, are important contents, but they are all very basic and not difficult, so this part must not lose points.

The differential and integral part of function focuses on the differential and integral of unary function. Especially the application of differential and integral of unary function. The differential calculus of unary function needs to master the relations of continuity, derivability and differentiability, and master the methods of derivation of various functions. The application of unary function involves a wide range of problems, such as the mean value theorem, which can prove various auxiliary functions, including the proof of equality and inequality, zero point problem, extreme value and concavity. For differential calculus of multivariate functions, it is necessary to master the relations among several properties such as continuity, differentiability, differentiability and first-order continuously differentiable. These relationships must be clarified. In the application of differential calculus of multivariate functions, we mainly master the problems of conditional extreme value and maximum value. In the integral part, the first thing to focus on is the basic calculation of indefinite integral and definite integral, especially paying attention to certain calculation ability and skills. The application of definite integral is the key content, which mainly examines the area, volume and combination with differential equations. For the candidates who want to be the top candidate, the curve and surface integral part mainly grasps the Green's formula and Gaussian formula and the conditions that curve integral has nothing to do with the path.

Spatial analytic geometry is only required for students who are the top candidates, not the key point.

There are two key points to be grasped in the series problem: one is the nature of constant series, especially how to judge the convergence and divergence of series, and the other is power series. Everyone should master the convergence interval, convergence radius, sum function and expansion of power series.

Differential equation and difference equation, the difference equation is only needed by three candidates, but it is not the key point. This part also has two key points: one is the first-order linear differential equation; The other is second-order homogeneous and nonhomogeneous linear differential equations with constant coefficients.

Linear algebraic part

Inverse Matrix and Rank of Matrix

Linear correlation of vectors and linear representation of vectors. The correlation of vector combinations is likely to be similar to the proof of calculation. For example, prove that several vectors are linearly related.

The discussion about the solution of linear equations, including the solution with undetermined parameters, was also investigated more in previous years.

Properties of eigenvalues and eigenvectors, and diagonalization of matrices.

Determination of positive definite quadratic form.

The chapters of linear algebra are more coherent. When we review and summarize, especially in the later period, we should have a summary of the content of linear algebra ourselves, and then we can read review books or review guides, so as to form an intellectual framework for the knowledge points of linear parameters in our minds.

Probability and statistics part (I and III)

The nature and formula of probability need to be mastered skillfully, such as addition formula, subtraction formula, multiplication formula, conditional probability formula, total probability formula, Bayesian formula and so on.

Distribution of one-dimensional random variable function. Focus on the part of continuous variables.

Joint distribution and edge distribution of multidimensional random variables and their independence. This is the focus and difficulty of the exam.

The numerical characteristics of random variables is a very important content.

Parameter estimation. Point estimation methods of parameter estimation include moment estimation method and maximum likelihood estimation method, which is an important content.

Candidates' understanding of many concepts, properties and theories of mathematics must be based on understanding. Math problems are limited, and candidates should be good at summarizing the methods of solving problems on the basis of understanding, that is, they should be able to draw inferences from one another.

In addition, mathematics should be summarized on the basis of understanding and then practiced. Just do some exercises, and after digesting the content of the teacher's lecture, you must find a lot of exercises to do. One kind of book is like reviewing the whole book, and the other is like analyzing the real questions of previous years.

In fact, for the majority of candidates, there is no need to be too sensitive to the outline. In fact, no matter how the syllabus changes and whether the difficulty fluctuates, laying a good foundation and learning knowledge well are the basis for getting high marks in mathematics. According to the mathematics test questions in recent years, the key point is to investigate the basic concepts, theories and methods. If we only pursue difficult and technical problems, we will go in the wrong direction. Therefore, we should take the textbook as the benchmark and review it carefully.

After the remedial class for postgraduate entrance examination, students should sort out the basic content according to the handout. On the basis of the teacher's summary, through their own finishing, become their own things. Whether you really understand the lecture or not can only be explained by yourself. After finishing, see if your own method is good, right, and what is the difference compared with the method taught by the teacher.

After the summer intensive class, candidates need to combine the previous real questions, look at the content and do the questions. The real problem is the best exercise. After the examination questions come out every year, you will find that about 90% of the knowledge points, questions and questions in the examination papers will find a shadow in the real questions over the years, and the knowledge points that have not been tested will generally not exceed 10%. Therefore, the real questions over the years are the touchstone to test a person's mastery of knowledge. According to the type of mathematics tested, we should carefully complete the real questions over the years within the specified time and evaluate the results. The most important thing is to find out where the mistake is when it happens, so that we can find our own shortcomings in a targeted manner and avoid such mistakes from happening again. Doing a certain amount of exercises is the key to learning mathematics well. In addition to training the content of each part, we should also find some better simulation papers to practice. I believe that everyone will gain a lot after these stages.

In short, mathematics learning is an accumulation process. If we persist, we will make great progress and achieve satisfactory results. Candidates should not only grasp the key points, but also pay attention to comprehensiveness when reviewing.