Mathematical thinking refers to the spatial form and quantitative relationship of the real world reflected in people's consciousness, which is the result of thinking activities. Mathematical thought is the essential understanding after summarizing mathematical facts and theories; The thought of basic mathematics is the basic, summative and most extensive mathematical thought embodied or should be embodied in basic mathematics. They contain the essence of traditional mathematical thought and the basic characteristics of modern mathematical thought, and are historically developed. Mastering mathematical thought means mastering the essence of mathematics.

Mathematical method is to express the state, relationship and process of things in mathematical language, and to deduce, calculate and analyze them, thus forming a method of explaining, judging and predicting problems. The so-called method refers to the operable rules or patterns contained in the means, ways and behaviors that people take to achieve a certain goal. Through long-term practice, people have discovered many means, methods or procedures of applying mathematical ideas. The same method, channel or program is used repeatedly for many times, and it has achieved the expected purpose, and it has become a mathematical method.