In just a few days, I read the relevant discussions of relevant experts and scholars, recorded and extracted some notes on the teaching of mathematics core literacy, and at the same time, I have some thoughts that I would like to share with my peers.
"Explore the mystery of numbers; Cultivate a rigorous attitude; Deepening rational thinking "is the declaration of mathematics discipline in Xishan High School. This sentence expresses the teacher's understanding of the value of mathematics education in the simplest language, and highly summarizes the functional orientation, professional value, teaching methods and educational objectives of mathematics-"understanding mathematical spirit, appreciating mathematical culture, understanding mathematical thinking, learning mathematical methods, understanding mathematical thinking and improving mathematical literacy".
Professor Sun Hongan, a famous expert in mathematics education, former vice president of Dalian Institute of Education and winner of special allowance from the State Council, wrote "What is mathematical literacy? This paper discusses from four aspects: thinking, foundation, discussion and conclusion, and finally accurately locates mathematical literacy: mathematical literacy is an essential character and key ability that students should have in the field of mathematics to meet the needs of lifelong development and social development. Necessary character refers to having necessary mathematical knowledge, mathematical application consciousness, data and calculation, scientific attitude and correct mathematical values. Key abilities include spatial imagination, logical reasoning, calculation and data, including mathematical abstraction and generalization, mathematical expression and communication.
Feel the growth of mathematics, experience the research of mathematicians, and try to express the taste of mathematics. First, let students go through the process of mathematics, find ways to learn mathematics, realize mathematical ideas and internalize them into a kind of mathematical wisdom.
? Specific to the core literacy of mathematics, there are also three aspects (six key words): (1) Observing the world from the perspective of mathematics and developing the literacy of mathematical abstraction and intuitive imagination. (2) Analyze the world with mathematical thinking, and develop logical reasoning and mathematical operation literacy. (3) Express the world with mathematical language, and cultivate the literacy of mathematical modeling and data analysis. It should be pointed out that although the core literacy of mathematics is divided into three aspects (six key words), it is actually a whole. Observing the world from a mathematical point of view, that is, people input information from the outside; Analyze the world with mathematical thinking, that is, people process information by themselves; Expressing the world in mathematical language means that people output information to the outside world.
The focus of teaching reform:
1, let mathematics learning really happen. Gu of Yangzhou Educational Science Research Institute in Jiangsu Province pointed out: How can we realize "making learning really happen"? The core value of "making learning really happen" lies in focusing on literacy, the core logic lies in meeting domestic demand, and the core wisdom lies in pursuing transcendence.
2. Let students study deeply. By analyzing the characteristics of "deep learning", Zhu Kaiqun of Suzhou Institute of Educational Science in Jiangsu Province put forward the teaching viewpoint that "deep teaching" leading students to "deep learning" is based on core literacy, and pointed out that "deep teaching" should be based on value-oriented teaching, real-life teaching, high-quality problem-based teaching, and integration within and between disciplines. From "deep learning" to "deep teaching", the cultivation of students' core literacy moves from idea to action.
3. Strengthen theme reading. Mathematics teaching is also the teaching of mathematics language. Mathematics reading is the premise of mastering mathematics language and one of the important foundations of developing mathematics learning activities smoothly and effectively. Through math reading, students can gradually understand math language, cultivate math ability and improve math literacy.
Reading ability based on self-awareness development; "Want to study" is based on students' intrinsic motivation; Can read based on students' mastery of certain reading strategies and reading evaluation; Adhere to reading based on students' wishes and efforts. From "wanting to read" to "reading well", students need to have good reading skills and will quality.
4. Establish the basic framework of mathematics learning. Li, a special math teacher in beijing no.11 high school, believes that in math class, a basic routine for students to learn math objects can be constructed, that is, by designing a series of math activities, students can experience the complete process of "fact-concept-nature (relationship)-structure (connection)-application" (which is the bright line of teaching content) and complete the "fact-method". From the point of view of the core literacy of mathematics, if we want to integrate "mathematical abstraction" from facts into concepts, we can create problem situations to let students enter the state as soon as possible and stimulate their desire for exploration; From understanding concepts to understanding nature, this process should make students get the basic training of "mathematical reasoning", including discovering nature through inductive reasoning and proving nature through (logical) deductive reasoning; From understanding the essence to forming the structure is mainly "mathematical reasoning", because it is the process of establishing the connection of related knowledge and forming a mathematical cognitive structure with good structural function and strong migration ability; In this process, teachers should always pay attention to guiding students to solve problems other than mathematics with mathematical knowledge, so that students can get effective training in "mathematical modeling".
At the key points of the above steps, we should pay attention to timely guidance and strengthen the guiding role of "general concepts", such as "how to think", "how to find" and "from what angle to observe"; We can observe the structural characteristics from two angles (number and shape). From a dynamic point of view, we can change the form of the current problem, and then let the students observe it after the equivalent transformation and make the necessary pattern recognition. Students often make new discoveries, and then they can be trained in "intuitive imagination" and "data analysis".
5. Teachers' leading role must be ignored. It is to strengthen two points in the leading role of teachers: first, from fragmented classroom design to systematic teaching design of learning units, that is, from the original teaching design to learning design, from only designing processes to designing learning courses. The second is from the normal teaching plan design to the flip teaching design that integrates teaching evaluation, highlighting the understanding of six elements.
The basic framework of the curriculum design scheme is: learning and training objectives, cooperation objectives, attention to essential qualities and core competence; Learning course navigation chart: the content range of class hours, defining the position and function of related content, pointing out the learning path, introducing the key and difficult points and their breakthrough strategies, and explaining the evaluation criteria. The learning process is presented in the form of tables: thinking activities, link guidance questions, learning resources and suggestions on learning methods. Setting propositions, creating situations and asking questions conform to the core literacy evaluation concept, and at the same time, the relationship between each question and the target design should be indicated.
6, according to the structure chart of the subject ability literacy. According to the literacy goal of mathematics examination, the two-way list of knowledge structure and ability structure is listed, and the structure chart of mathematics ability literacy is compiled to locate the ability function of each examination question. When making a proposition, we should pay attention to the authenticity of material selection, closely link with the reality of social, economic and scientific development, and try our best to let students solve problems in real life scenes; Reasonably allocate the difficulty and time of the questions, reduce a large number of questions calculated and memorized, leave more room for students to think and encourage open and creative answers. It is necessary to dig deep into students' cognitive structure and problem-solving strategies hidden under scores; It is necessary to truly realize the transformation from knowledge quantity to ability literacy examination.