For a long time, there have been different opinions about the principle of doing problems and the psychology of examination. I also want to discuss with my colleagues my years of thinking and teaching practice. In my opinion, there are seven principles to be followed in doing exercises and three formulas to be grasped psychologically in exams, as follows:
First, the tool principle.
Move the ladder to the house, tighten the screws and find the wrench. Only with some tools can the problem be solved smoothly. We must find suitable principles, formulas, ideas, etc.
Second, the principle of original number
The number in the formula must come from the original data in the topic, otherwise the score will be reduced.
For example, there are 30 students in the fourth grade class, of which girls account for 1/2 of boys. How many girls are there? As soon as some students are optimistic about doing it, they will list it directly: 30 ÷ 3 = 10 (person). Where does 3 come from, but there is no 3 in the conditions of the question? This violates the principle of original number and will be deducted. The correct formulation should be to write 3 as 2+ 1, which is more reasonable.
Third, the format principle.
Everything in the world has a formal problem, and the principle of format is the reflection of this understanding in mathematics.
For example, to solve an equation, you need to set it first, and the result of formula solution should take units. To solve the equation, you need to write the solution word in the lower left corner of the equation, and the equal sign must be aligned up and down. The correct format reflects the correct thinking of solving problems.
Fourth, the principle of simplicity.
Is to choose the simplest and most time-saving method. Will use three equal signs, never use four equal signs; What can be solved by oral calculation can never be solved by written calculation. If you can solve multiple problems, you must use the simplest solution. If you can solve a problem with a formula, you will never use an equation (because the equation needs to be deformed). If you can solve it with an intermediate formula, you will never use a textbook formula. This can save us a lot of time, and it is too important for us to save a lot of time during the exam.
Five, the principle of accuracy
For example, the final result should not be rounded as much as possible unless the topic requires it.
For example, when we calculate the problem of 1/3+0.5, do we use fractions or decimals? Some students said, of course, it is good to unify decimals, because our teacher said that for addition and subtraction, decimals are good because they can be added directly without ordinary points, and for multiplication and division, scores are good because they can be simplified and easy to operate. However, 1/3 needs to be rounded when it is converted into decimal, and the sum obtained is an inaccurate number. Although the addition and subtraction of fractions require division, the accuracy of the results can be guaranteed. In this case, the principle of precision is higher than the principle of simplicity, in other words, precision and imprecision are mathematical mistakes.
Sixth, the principle requirements
That is, do the problem according to the requirements of the topic, and if the solution of the equation is required, list the equation; If a formula is needed, it will be listed; If the result needs to be rounded, the exact value cannot be written. Only by solving the problem as required can we get recognition and get full marks. This reminds us that we must carefully examine the questions, make clear the requirements, and take careful examination of the questions as the top priority of thinking.
Seven, the principle of cleanliness
Because in the same wrong situation, the clean and tidy test paper is easy to be recognized by the marking teacher and the score is improved.
How to treat exams?
A test paper, to be honest, is there anything the teacher said, yes; Is there anything you haven't said, there must be; Do you see anything, yes; Is there anything you haven't seen? There must be. Then when you meet something you haven't said or seen, you will be nervous, escape, give up, turn a blind eye and do nothing. Okay, no! In this case, how to treat the exam will be much clearer. Seven words: "Look at the topic carefully and use your head". Like soldiers, we should be full of wisdom and strength, dare to think, dare to start work, and dare to find a way out where there is no way out. Only in this way can we play a good level.
Of course, under the correct view of examination, we should adhere to the "three formulas and seven principles"
Three formulas:
1 = 100.
Meaning: 100 points are composed of 1 points, so don't be careless and throw things everywhere. Remind yourself that high scores are accumulated by 1 points and 1 points, so that you can be careful consciously.
Will be ≠ right ≠ full marks
Meaning: many people can do it, but not many people do it right, and even fewer people think it is right. When taking the exam, you must always remind yourself whether it is certain, accurate, whether you have lost your unit, and whether you require rounding. In short, we must pay attention to the details, and we must never lose big because of small things.
High score = will be fine+difficult to try.
Significance: the meeting must be all right, and the problem should be done on the basis of nothing. In other words, this formula reminds us that in the exam, we are not comparing difficult problems, but comparing scores, so what we can do is the key.
Editor in charge: Cao
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