Galois
Galois,/kloc-one of the greatest mathematicians in France in the 9th century, and the only one I call a "genius mathematician". 16 years old to take the entrance examination of Paris Institute of Technology. As a result, the examiner didn't know what to say because there were too many steps to solve the problem during the interview, and finally he failed.
In the history of mathematics, Galois is undoubtedly the most legendary and romantic mathematician. /kloc-at the age of 0/8, galois beautifully solved the number one problem in mathematics at that time: why there was no general solution to polynomial equations of degree five or above. He submitted this research result to the French Academy of Sciences, and the great mathematician Augustine-Louis Cauchy was responsible for reviewing the manuscript. But Cauchy advised him to go back and polish it carefully (he always thought Cauchy had lost or hidden his paper, and the recent archives research of French Academy of Sciences only rehabilitated Cauchy). Later Galois handed the paper to Joseph Fourier, secretary of the Academy of Sciences, but Fourier died a few days later, so the paper was lost. 183 1 year, galois submitted for the third time. The reviewer at that time was Poisson. He thought Galois's paper was difficult to understand and refused to publish it.
Because of some extreme political acts, Galois was arrested and imprisoned. Even in prison, he continued to develop his own mathematical theory. He met a doctor's daughter in prison and soon fell in love. But the good times didn't last long, and their feelings soon broke down. The second month after his release from prison, Galois decided to fight for his beloved girl and one of her political opponents. Unfortunately, he was shot and died in the hospital the next day. Galois's last words were to his brother Alfred: "Don't cry, I need enough courage to die at the age of 20."
As if he had a premonition of his own death, the night before the duel, Galois stayed up all night and wrote down all his mathematical thoughts, together with three manuscripts, to his friend Chevalier. At the end of the letter, Galois left a will, hoping that Sheva would give the manuscript to Karl Gustav Jacob Jacobi and C.F.Gauss, two great German mathematicians at that time, so that they could publicly express their views on these mathematical theorems and let more people realize the importance of this mathematical theory.
Chevalier followed Galois's wishes and sent the manuscript to jacoby and Gauss, but they didn't receive any reply. It was not until 1843 that the mathematician JOSEPH LIOUVILLE recognized Galois's research results and published them in his own Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics (JOURNAL DE MATH? Matix Chun and APPLIQU? ES)。 People summarized Galois' whole set of mathematical thoughts as "Galois Theory". Galois made a unique analysis of the structure of solutions of algebraic equations by means of group theory. A series of algebraic equations, such as the roots of polynomial equations and the impossibility of drawing rulers, can be solved simply and perfectly by using Galois theory. Galois theory played a decisive role in the development of algebra in the future.