Yang, aviation engineer and aviation educator. He has been engaged in theoretical research and production practice of aircraft design and manufacturing for a long time, and has trained a large number of outstanding aviation engineering and technical personnel. His main achievement in aviation engineering is the establishment of computer-aided design and manufacturing disciplines in theory, material and organization. It has contributed to the development of aircraft design and manufacturing technology in China.
Yang, a native of Jiading County, Jiangsu Province, was born on July 19 19, 2003. 193 1 graduated from Tianjin Nankai Middle School and was admitted to Tsinghua University. At that time, it was the "September 18th Incident", and the Japanese aggressor troops occupied the three northeastern provinces and advanced to North China. He went to Nanjing with his classmates-demanding to send troops to fight against Japan, going to the Northeast Army along the Great Wall to express condolences to the troops and publicize the war of resistance in the countryside. At that time, some students joined the army and entered the flight school, which had a great influence on him. He felt that everyone was responsible and decided to take the road of "saving the country by aviation", and went to Belgium to study aviation engineering on September 1933. Because of his hard work and excellent grades, he won the highest scholarship in Belgium every year. His graduation project is to design an all-metal low-wing plane. This is an advanced design in the 1930s. 1939 passed the defense and obtained the degree of aircraft design engineer from the University of Liè ge. In order to gain practical knowledge of aircraft design, he worked as an intern engineer in Leonard Aircraft Factory. At the end of 1939, the German fascist war of aggression will soon spread to Belgium. After the war broke out, Eurasian shipping was bound to be interrupted, and he immediately decided to return to China.
At that time, half of China had fallen, and Yang and his wife resolutely went to Kunming, the home front of the Anti-Japanese War. During his stay in Kunming, he and his classmates studying aviation engineering abroad, * * *, compiled "Anglo-French-German Aviation Engineering Terminology". At the same time, I formed the China Aviation Promotion Association with my classmate * *, who graduated from The National SouthWest Associated University Aviation Department, to explore my own methods of designing and manufacturing aircraft. 1940 10, after a long journey, Yang arrived in Lei Yun, China-Myanmar border, and worked as a design engineer of Central Hangkong Aircraft Factory, mainly responsible for repairing the design of large transport aircraft, and also took time to design small aircraft with members of China Aviation Promotion Association. 194 1 At the end of the year, the Japanese army invaded Myanmar, and the Hangzhou Central Aircraft Factory retreated from Lei Yun, so the design work was interrupted. Yang returned to The National SouthWest Associated University Aviation Department to teach "Aircraft Design". /kloc-in the autumn of 0/942, he was invited to work in China gliding association as the director of the fourth group (technical group) of the association. His main task is to determine the model of glider manufactured by the factories affiliated to the Association, grasp the manufacturing progress of each factory, and solve the technical and material problems in manufacturing. 65438-0943, concurrently the director of Chengdu Glider Factory affiliated to the General Association, directly participated in the design and manufacture of gliders. 1in the autumn of 944, the technical department of China Gliding Association was placed under the management of the Aviation Committee. He was invited to be a professor in the Aviation Department of Chongqing Jiaotong University and moved back to Shanghai with the school at the end of 1945.
After the founding of New China, China's colleges and universities were adjusted to 1952. Yang became a professor and deputy director of the aircraft department of the newly established East China Institute of Aeronautics, and served as the director of the aircraft technology teaching and research section in 1954 to prepare for the aircraft technology specialty. He started from compiling teaching plans, teaching outlines and teaching materials, to giving lectures, guiding students to do graduation design and preparing for the laboratory. Together with the teachers in the teaching and research section, he completed the whole teaching process of aircraft technology specialty. 195j east China aviation institute moved to Xi' an and changed its name to Xi' an aviation institute. 1957, Xi Anhang Institute merged with Northwest Institute of Technology to form Northwestern Polytechnical University. Yang is a professor at Northwestern Polytechnical University and deputy director of the Department of Aircraft. 1958, in the atmosphere of "Great Leap Forward", the teachers and students of aircraft department majoring in aircraft design and aircraft technology initiated the design and manufacture of aircraft, and proposed to name it "Yan 'an No.1". Yang has always had a desire to design and manufacture airplanes, and thinks that students should receive some practical training, so he supports this initiative and becomes the chief technical expert. During the period of 1960- 196J, based on the teaching and practice of aircraft technology, Yang began to consider how to improve the level of aircraft manufacturing technology and the development of aircraft manufacturing industry in China. First of all, he studied the precision of aircraft production in view of the uncoordinated cooperation between workpieces and between workpieces and fixtures. Secondly, he thought that China should not only master the theory and experience of Soviet aircraft technology, but also absorb the aircraft manufacturing technology of European and American countries, so he translated and published the book Aircraft and Missile Manufacturing by French professor Gibel. Since then, in order to modernize aircraft production, he has noticed the application of automation and numerical control technology in aircraft manufacturing. Due to the influence of the "Cultural Revolution", these correct assumptions were forced to be interrupted.
1978 After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, Yang showed his talents, applied numerical control technology and computer technology to the aviation industry, and served as the director of the Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing Research Center of Northwestern Polytechnical University. Under his initiative, he established the discipline of computer-aided design and manufacturing, established the research base of this discipline, trained master students and doctoral students in this discipline, published a large number of books and papers, carried out international academic exchanges of computer-aided design and manufacturing, and completed many important national scientific research tasks under his leadership. In recognition of Yang's contribution to teaching and scientific research, the State Education Commission awarded him the title of "National Model Worker in Education System" and the medal of "People's Teacher". The Ministry of Aerospace Industry awarded the title of "Expert with Outstanding Contribution"; 1990 the first batch enjoys the special government allowance issued by the State Council.
Important achievements have been made in the research of aircraft manufacturing accuracy.
In 1950s, China's aviation industry developed rapidly, and many kinds of Soviet aircraft were copied. Yang noticed that there was a common problem in all factories at that time-the "coordination problem" in production, that is, the aircraft assembly and parts were not well matched. After thinking, he thought that the "coordination problem" was mainly a problem of manufacturing accuracy, so he began to study the accuracy of aircraft production. In 196 1, he talked about "geometric accuracy of aircraft production" in the form of a new technology lecture, and proposed that the dimensional error of parts butt joint is caused by the formation process of dimensions, that is, it is accumulated by the errors of all links that form the final dimensions. To this end, he studied the problem of cumulative error, consulted a large number of materials, and made a report on "Calculation Formula of Cumulative Error in Aircraft Manufacturing" at the scientific report meeting of 1962 Northwestern Polytechnical University. In the report, after analyzing five formulas that can be used to calculate cumulative error, he thinks that Poirot-Dachev formula should be used as the basic formula when calculating aircraft production accuracy. In order to apply this formula, he thinks it is necessary to determine the error distribution law of typical links in aircraft production and its asymmetry coefficient α and relative distribution coefficient K. Therefore, a lot of practical measurement and statistical work must be carried out. During the period of 1962- 1965, under his guidance, his three graduate students successively studied topics such as "the accuracy of assembling parts in assembly holes", "the accuracy of assembling jigsaw puzzles by fixture assembling machines" and "the accuracy of assembling jigsaw puzzles by optical instruments" on the basis of accumulated error formulas, and did a lot of practical work, and obtained the distribution curves and αk of typical links. In 1964, Yang put forward the theory of coordination accuracy, which is the basis to solve the "coordination problem" in aircraft production. At the same time, he thinks that the thermal expansion of different materials also has an important influence on the dimensional fit in the assembly process, so the problem of thermal expansion fit error is put forward for the first time in China and the calculation formula is given. In this way, the actual physical factors are considered in the geometric factors, which more truly reflects the objective facts. 1965 yang published a paper entitled "the influence of thermal expansion on aircraft assembly technology" in journal of aeronautics, and expounded his own views.
Establishing the subject of "Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing"
197j Yang led the students to make a preliminary attempt on the comprehensive application of numerical control technology in aircraft production in the factory. 1977 published the article "Practice Report on the Integration of Aircraft Design and Production", which basically expressed China's level in this technical field at that time and put forward measures to shorten the gap between China and advanced countries in the world. In order to shorten this gap, he thought that training talents was the most fundamental way, so after returning to school from the factory, he added new courses such as "program algorithm language" and "mathematical model" to the undergraduate major and taught them in person. From 65438 to 0978, he began to train graduate students in this field. 65438-0982 After the Ministry of Education issued the instruction that the State Council approved Yang as the first doctoral supervisor in China, it trained the first doctoral student majoring in computer-aided design and manufacturing in China. By 1994, he has trained 20 doctors in this subject, and 10 is being trained in the school. 1990, the state approved the establishment of a postdoctoral mobile station in this discipline, and he served as the instructor.
During the period of 1978, while domestic aviation factories and colleges focused on computer drawing, NC machining and NC measurement, Yang first wrote the article "Light Pen Graphic Display and Its Application in' Integration'" for graphic display (also known as imager) and its role in aircraft design and manufacturing. Then, together with several teachers, I personally mastered the use of the imager and its software system, and compiled a set of application programs for fixture design, which opened the way for the realization of computer-aided design. At the same time, he attached great importance to the establishment of a laboratory equipped with graphic display, and built the first set of "Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing Experimental Base for Interactive Graphic Display" in 1982. 198j With the support of the Ministry of Aviation Industry, the base updated its equipment and established a computer-aided design system based on PRIME—550ⅱ Ⅱ. The establishment of this system has played an important role in the cultivation of graduate students and the development of scientific research. 1992 obtained a loan from the world bank to establish a national professional laboratory of computer-aided design and manufacturing in Northwestern Polytechnical University. During the preparation period, he personally participated in the demonstration meeting of equipment selection and software selection, and often put forward important decision-making opinions.
198 1 yang served as the consultant of the key project "7760 computer-aided design, manufacturing and management system" of the sixth five-year plan of the Ministry of Aviation Industry. This is a large-scale integrated software system composed of scientific research institutes, factories and schools, with more than 140 experts. Completed on 198J, it was selected as the top ten scientific and technological achievements in China by Science and Technology Daily and CCTV. 1988. Since the early 1980s, he has been instructing graduate students to use graphic display to program multi-axis NC machining. After 10 years of practice, improvement, re-practice and re-improvement, a complete and practical NPU (Northwestern Polytechnical University) computer-aided design and manufacturing system has been formed. 1992, the system won the first place in the evaluation of "National Independent Copyright Software" organized by the State Science and Technology Commission, and its masterpiece "Research on Geometric Modeling and Multi-axis NC Machining Image Programming System for Large Turbine Blades" won the National Science and Technology Progress Award in the same year. For more than ten years, it has also accepted a number of scientific research tasks such as key technologies of computer-aided manufacturing for a certain engineering of the Ministry of Aviation Industry. Yang's idea of undertaking scientific research tasks is leading, that is, leading internationally in academics; It is a major national scientific and technological task; In order to have greater economic benefits. He also said: "Important projects that have a significant role in the national economy and need national defense should be done even if they lose money."
After years of hard work, Yang and his colleagues have made remarkable achievements in personnel training, experimental base construction and scientific research, and finally formed a computer-aided design and manufacturing discipline. 1984 Yang was officially appointed as the leader of the leading group of this discipline in Northwestern Polytechnical University. 198j school established an interdisciplinary computer-aided design and manufacturing research center, and he served as the director of the center. 1985 published the paper "Overview of Computer Aided Aircraft Design and Manufacturing" in Journal of Aeronautics, pointing out that computational geometry, interactive graphic display, data structure and database, and numerical control technology are the four technical foundations supporting the computer aided design and manufacturing discipline, thus providing a theoretical basis for the establishment of this new discipline. The new disciplines 1984 and 198j were successively identified as the key disciplines of the Ministry of Aviation Industry, and 1988 was awarded as the key discipline of the State Education Commission. The discipline of computer-aided design and manufacturing in Northwestern Polytechnical University has always been adhering to the spirit of "combining the old with the young, building a talent echelon and working together", which is one of the main reasons why the discipline enjoys a high reputation in China.
The establishment of computer-aided design and manufacturing discipline is a great contribution of Yang to China's science and technology, and has realized his long-cherished wish of "developing aviation engineering and rejuvenating China".
It has trained high-level scientific and technological talents for China.
Yang has been engaged in teaching since 1942 for half a century. When guiding graduate students, he emphasized the integration of theory with practice, improved the theoretical level and served the national economy. He generally requires to complete the thesis in two stages: the first stage combines practical tasks, finds difficult problems, and asks to solve them theoretically; In the second stage, in-depth study of the problems found requires international-level results. Graduate students use six words to summarize the cultivation of tutors, which is "strict management and opening up". "Strict management" means requiring graduate students to have higher standards in business and ideology and morality; "Modesty" is to broaden our thinking and let academic thoughts blossom. Therefore, the level of graduate students he trained has been recognized at home or abroad in the follow-up study and practical work. The doctoral thesis "Interpolation of C and G on Triangular Mesh" has been highly valued by Professor W. Bo (hm), a world-renowned computational mathematician, and applied for Humboldt Scholarship for the author of the thesis. The doctoral thesis "Multi-node Boolean and Curved Surface Interactive Aircraft Shape Design" was praised by Professor Carlett, director of the Department of Production Engineering at Nottingham University, and invited the author to do postdoctoral research in the school. 199 1 Two doctoral students who obtained their degrees were awarded "China doctoral degree winners with outstanding contributions" by the State Council Academic Degrees Committee, and were promoted to professors by Northwestern Polytechnical University in the same year.
Yang is equally strict with doctoral students in politics and politics. Whenever they go abroad, they should tell them: "I am very supportive of going abroad for further study, but I always hope to return to China after I finish my studies." I also agree to stay for a while after studying to gain foreign experience and technology, but I hope to come back and contribute to my country in the end. "Of the 20 doctoral students he trained, 6 went abroad and 5 returned to China.
All the students educated by Yang have deep feelings for him. A young doctoral student who was promoted to professor 199 1 wrote in his "thank you" for the paper: "The completion of the whole paper embodies Mr. Yang's hard work. His profound knowledge, rigorous academic attitude and scholar style will benefit the author for life. " He graduated from the Aviation Department of Jiaotong University in the early 1950s, and he is also a member of the department. I still remember that he wrote an article in April 1992 recalling his teacher's teaching and said, "In the last year of college, Mr. Yang taught us aircraft design, and he did quite a lot of design work, which benefited me a lot. What impressed me most was that the design must be standardized. As soon as you come into contact with aircraft design, you will pay attention to the collection of instructions. When we designed the trainer, we collected the strength specifications of British AP-970, American CAM0 and Soviet Union 1947, which avoided a big loophole. This has to make me grateful to Mr. Yang for his teachings. "
As early as before the "Cultural Revolution", the first application for joining the Party was submitted to the Party organization. After smashing the "-",he once again asked to join the party, and finally joined the China * * * Production Party in June 198 1, making a careful choice as an intellectual. He often said: "The year after the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee is a year when we can really do some work. Because of the correct principles and policies, I have created a situation of stability and unity and implemented reform and opening up, otherwise my personal skills will be useless. " Yang is over 80 years old, and he still works hard in teaching and scientific research, because he still needs to take the lead in the discipline. (Author: Zhang Qingen)
Biographical notes
191July 0319 was born in Shanghai.
1931-1933 studying in Tsinghua University.
1933 ——1939 Studied in Belgium, graduated from the University of Liè ge with a degree in aircraft design engineer.
1939 worked as an intern engineer in Leonard Aircraft Factory.
1940 ——1941as an engineer of Lei Yun Central Aircraft Factory.
1942 associate professor, The National SouthWest Associated University aviation department.
1943 Director of Chengdu Glider Factory.
1944 ——195j Professor of Aviation Department of Jiaotong University, Professor of East China Institute of Aviation, Deputy Director of Aircraft Department, Director of Aircraft Technology Teaching and Research Section.
195j——Professor of Xi 'an Aviation Institute, Deputy Director of Aircraft Department, Professor of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Deputy Director of Aircraft Department, Director of Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing Research Center and Director of Computer Integrated Manufacturing Research Institute.
198 1 year as the consultant of 7760 computer-aided design, manufacturing and management system of the Ministry of Aviation Industry.
1982 the State Council Academic Degrees Committee approved him as the first batch of doctoral supervisors.
1990 deputy director of the editorial board of the aviation manufacturing engineering manual of the Ministry of aerospace industry.