A hexagonal prism has eight faces, twelve vertices and nine sides.

First of all, a hexagonal prism is a special kind of prism, which consists of two parallel hexagonal bottoms and six rectangular sides. Therefore, a hexagonal prism has eight faces.

Secondly, the number of vertices of a hexagonal prism is determined by the number of vertices of a hexagon at the bottom. Because a hexagon has six vertices, a hexagonal prism has twelve vertices.

Finally, the number of sides of a hexagonal prism is determined by the number of sides of the bottom hexagon and the number of sides of the side rectangle. Because a hexagon has six sides and a rectangular side has four sides, a hexagonal prism has nine sides.

In addition, the shape and size of a hexagonal prism can also be described by the side length and height of its bottom hexagon. If the side length of the bottom hexagon is a and the height is h, then the volume and surface area of the hexagonal prism can be expressed as:

Volume V = 2ah^2 or a 3.

Surface area s = 6a 2+4ah

These formulas can help us to calculate the volume and surface area of a hexagonal prism, so as to further determine its shape and size.

In addition, the properties of hexagonal prism can also be described by its symmetry and side length relationship. The bottom hexagon of a hexagonal prism is a centrally symmetric figure, so the hexagonal prism is also centrally symmetric. It has six vertices, and each vertex is the intersection of the diagonal lines of the bottom hexagon. In addition, the sides of a hexagonal prism are equal, so it also has six side rectangles.

In real life, the shape and size of hexagonal prism can be selected according to actual needs and application scenarios. For example, hexagonal prisms can be used as building materials, decorative materials, containers, etc. At the same time, the hexagonal prism can also be used as the research object of mathematics, physics and other disciplines to study its properties, characteristics and applications.