The full name of Montessori teaching method is Montessori teaching method (1). The purpose of Montessori teaching is to help children form a healthy personality. I think it is very important for children to face the fierce competition in modern society in the future. I believe parents will feel the same way. 2. Cultivate the seeds of a new generation of human beings. The new human seed has two meanings. The first meaning is that if human beings want to love peace and build a harmonious society, they should start from everyone, from childhood. This is related to the social background of World War II at that time, and also coincides with the background of "building a harmonious society" proposed by our country today. The second meaning is that she thinks that a child should be a high-quality citizen no matter what position he is engaged in when he grows up. Early childhood education is to prepare for high-quality citizens in the future. (2) The characteristics of Montessori teaching method. 1, Montessori discovered the essence of children and changed people's views on children. From the perspective of development, children are a developing organism and a developing mind; The period of children's development is the most important period in one's life. Children are in the process of constant growth, development and change, mainly internal natural development. Children have the ability to absorb. Children are psychologically active from birth. Before the age of 6, the brain absorbs the surrounding stimuli as easily as a sponge. She calls it "absorption brain", which has five senses: hearing, smell, sight, taste and touch, and gradually changes from unconscious absorption to conscious absorption. (2) Children have different sensitive periods at different ages. Children's psychological development will have various "sensitive periods". She said: "It is this sensitive period that allows children to contact the outside world with a unique intensity. During this period, they can easily learn everything and are full of vitality and passion for everything. " The development of human intelligence is based on the sensitive period of children. For example: 65438+ 0-2 years old when walking is sensitive; 1.5-4 years old hand sensitive period. There are also order sensitive period, detail sensitive period and language sensitive period. (3) Children have spontaneous activity needs. Such as: crying; Move your hands and feet slowly. These demands bring about the formation of independent ability. (4) Children have different characteristics. (Individual differences) Psychologically speaking, children's psychological development has both certain processes and hidden characteristics. Montessori believes that a child is a "mental (psychological) embryo". Every baby has creative instinct and positive potential, and can build a spiritual world depending on his environment. Therefore, children are not only a physical existence, but also a spiritual existence. Every child's spirit is different, and each has its own creative spirit. Therefore, don't compare your children with other children, because each child has his own strengths, and your comparison will affect his self-confidence. The above four points are the characteristics of children's physical and mental development. We adults should follow these development laws of children to carry out educational activities. 2. Montessori redefined the essence of education. Montessori believes that the essence of education is that children educate themselves, not adults, whose task is to help children grow up. Children should be in a dominant position, in a position of freedom, autonomy and activity. She is an active activist, and she is free. Of course, she means freedom with rules, but rules should also focus on the needs of children, not the needs of adults. For example, we can't make all kinds of rules to restrict children's freedom of movement just because we think children are too noisy or annoying, which doesn't meet children's needs. Children are naturally active. However, we adults can't let our children go with the flow just because we want to give them freedom, which will cause some destructive behaviors or affect other people's activities. Therefore, we should guide children to work with them to formulate rules that will not hinder others and let them move freely. This is the so-called freedom with rules. Montessori emphasized that children are independent individuals completely different from adults, not adults. Adults should discover the value of children's existence, instead of arbitrarily imposing self-awareness on children and erasing their personality awareness. Adults should learn to seek children's opinions, observe children, don't influence children, and quickly appear in front of children when they ask for help. So parents here, don't think that you have the right to control everything about your children just because you are a parent. Children are also members of society with dignity and independent personality. You should respect their development. So is our teacher. In Montessori activities, we allow children to choose freely and move independently. They can freely choose the materials needed for work and development through repeated operations. This is also an important aspect that Montessori's teaching activities are different from other teaching activities. It doesn't mean that the teacher teaches one content today, and all children have to learn it at the same time. We allow some children who are not quick-witted and have poor understanding ability to digest and understand slowly in future activities. Teachers fully respect children's choice and freedom of activities in activities, and the role of teachers is to demonstrate the operation methods of teaching AIDS to children. When children need your help, you should give some guidance. For example, if a child gets a new teaching aid and doesn't know how to operate it, you can help him. When the child finds difficulties in the operation and wants to give up, you should encourage him and help him in time. The rest of the time, the teacher will stand in an inconspicuous place that does not affect the child, observe the child's performance in the operation, make observation records, then analyze the child's development, provide new teaching AIDS according to the child's development, and promote the child's further development. For example, which materials children like and master well, you can increase some difficulty and stimulate children's interest in challenging again, and which materials children are not interested in at all, or even shrink back. Therefore, in my teaching practice, I found that children like Montessori activities very much, because there is no restraint from adults and the atmosphere is relaxed and harmonious, so the enthusiasm for learning has improved.