CATIA is an excellent 3D design system which integrates CAD/CAM/CAE developed by Dassault France. It has been widely used in machinery, electronics, aviation, aerospace and automobile industries. Because the software system is huge and complex, it is not as easy to master as two-dimensional software such as AutoCAD, and there are few books and materials about software application. To skillfully use this software, you not only need to explore and experience slowly in learning and application, but also need to communicate with others and learn from each other. Here is a brief introduction to some skills mastered in the process of learning and using software.
Several Drawing Methods of 1. Nut
(1) Draw a hexagonal prism first, and then rotate it with a small triangle to remove it.
⑵ Draw a cylinder first, then chamfer the edges of the upper and lower bottom surfaces of the cylinder, and then stretch and cut it out with hexagon.
2. Naming when modeling 3D parts.
When modeling a part, the system will automatically name the part at the beginning of its model tree, usually in the default form, such as part 1, part 2… and so on. However, the default part name in the Model Tree may be the same every time the machine is turned on for part modeling. Because parts will eventually be introduced into the assembly drawing, parts with the same part name cannot be called at the same time in the assembly environment, so duplicate names need to be renamed. If you assemble a big part, you may encounter this problem many times. In order to avoid these unnecessary troubles, the author suggests that the name of the part in the default model tree should be changed to the name to be used when saving the part file before modeling the three-dimensional part, which not only avoids the repetition of the part name, but also facilitates the saving of the part.
3. Tolerance marking
The tolerance of Ф 39 0.05 is often marked in the engineering drawings of parts. CATIA default font SICH cannot be marked as required, but it is marked in the form of Ф 39 0.05. At this point, the tolerance type can be set to TOL- 1.0 and marked with αCATIA symbol font.
4. The application of the right mouse button
(1) When marking the size of a hole in a semi-sectional view, the dimension line is often half, and the extension line is only on one side. If you directly click on the outline of the hole and press the left key to confirm, the whole dimension line will appear. You can mark half of the dimension line by right-clicking and selecting Half Size before placing the size.
(2) When marking the distance between the outer edges of two arcs, when the mouse selects two arcs, the system automatically captures the size of the distance between the two centers. At this point, click the right mouse button before placing the dimension, and select the type to mark in the "Extension Anchor Point" in the pop-up menu.
(3) Sometimes it is necessary to mark the horizontal or vertical distance of the diagonal in the drawing, or mark the distance between the endpoint of the diagonal and the straight line. At this point, after selecting the object to be marked, select the required size type in the right-click pop-up menu. You can also select the required marking method by clicking "Angle Sector" in the pop-up menu to mark the angular dimensions of two straight lines.
5. reselect the graph
If the wrong drawing size is selected when converting parts into engineering drawings, such as selecting A3 as A4 paper, you can click the file → page setting in the Drawing environment and re-select the required drawing in the pop-up dialog box.
6. Activate the view
In engineering drawing, it is often necessary to cut, enlarge and fracture a view. Before these operations, you must activate the view. Novices often ignore this problem, which leads to the failure of the operation. There are two ways to activate the view: (1) Move the mouse to the blue border of the view and double-click the mouse to activate the view. (2) Move the mouse to the blue border of the view, click the right mouse button and select "Activate View" in the pop-up menu.
7. Insertion of drawing frame and title bar in engineering drawing
(1) You can first make the title bars of various drawing sizes into templates and insert them into various engineering drawings respectively. The specific operation is as follows: enter the drawing state, select the drawing size, enter Edit → Background, draw the drawing frame and title bar according to the required standards, and save. In the figure, enter the file "→" page settings, select Insert Background View in the pop-up dialog box, select the corresponding frame format, and click Insert.
(2) Before projecting the view, you can insert the prepared drawing frame and title bar. The specific operation is as follows: In the established part model environment, click File → New From, select the pre-made drawing frame template file according to the drawing size required by the projection view, and you can directly enter the drawing state where the drawing frame and title bar have been inserted.
8. How to solve the problem that icons become English labels?
In the process of using CATIA software, I have encountered very vivid tool icons in the environment of "part design" and "assembly design", which are all expressed in English words, such as chamfered "ChamferHeader" and stretched "PadHeader", which is extremely inconvenient to use. The reason may be that in the process of using CATIA, some temporary files, such as CATsettings and CATtemp, will be automatically saved due to operational reasons, which may have some influence on the use of CATIA. So we should find these files in time and delete them. Another solution is to set "Reset" in "Tools → Options" to "All tabs". After these operations, the toolbar will change back to the form of image icon. Friends who encounter such problems may wish to give it a try.
9. Constraint skills
When assembling parts in virtual assembly, it is best to completely constrain one part at a time, and impose face-to-face constraints as much as possible, such as face-to-face coincidence, face-to-face distance, center line coincidence, face-to-face angle, etc. These constraints are very stable assembly constraints. Edges and vertices of geometry should be avoided as much as possible, because they are easy to change when modifying parts.
10. How to call parts multiple times?
Sometimes a part needs to be called many times in assembly, and it can be copied directly by "fast multi-instantiation".
UG is a flexible software tool for numerical solution of partial differential equations, which is developed by using adaptive multigrid method on two-dimensional and three-dimensional unstructured grids. Effective simulation of a given process requires knowledge from application fields (natural science or engineering), mathematics (analysis and numerical mathematics) and computer science. Some very successful techniques for solving partial differential equations, especially adaptive grid encryption and multigrid method, have been used in the past. ...
UG is a flexible software tool for numerical solution of partial differential equations, which is developed by adaptive multigrid method on two-dimensional and three-dimensional unstructured grids. Its design idea is flexible enough to support various discrete schemes. Therefore, the software can be reused in many different applications.
Effective simulation of a given process requires knowledge from application fields (natural science or engineering), mathematics (analysis and numerical mathematics) and computer science. In the past ten years, mathematicians have studied some very successful techniques for solving partial differential equations, especially adaptive grid encryption and multigrid method. The great progress of computer technology, especially the development of large parallel computers, has brought many new possibilities.
However, all technologies are not easy to use in complex applications. This is because combining all these methods requires great complexity and interdisciplinary knowledge. Finally, the implementation of the software has become more and more complex, so that it is beyond the manageable scope.
The goal of UG is to provide a flexible and reusable software foundation for solving complex application problems with the latest mathematical technologies, namely, adaptive local grid encryption, multi-grid and parallel computing.
overall structure
Large-scale software systems like UG usually need different levels of abstract description. UG has three design levels, namely architecture design, subsystem design and component design.
At least on the level of structure and subsystem, UG is designed by modular method, and the principle of information hiding is widely used. All specified information is distributed in the subsystem. UG is implemented in c language.
The detailed structure design is given, and its building blocks are DDD, UG kernel, problem class and application program.
UG structural design
DDD programming mode
A parallel programming mode is provided for processing irregular data structures and distributed objects on parallel computers. It deals with basic tasks such as identification (creation) of distributed objects, communication between distributed objects and dynamic transfer of distributed objects. An independent version of the tool can be provided, and its portability can be ensured by providing interfaces to share mem, MPI and PVM with Paragon NX, PARIX, T3D/T3E.
UG kernel program
The intention of UG kernel program is independent of the partial differential equation that requires solution. It provides geometric and algebraic data structures, as well as many grid processing options, numerical algorithms, visualization techniques and user interfaces.
Of course, every programming abstraction is based on some basic assumptions. At present, the grid management subsystem only supports hierarchical grids. The data structure itself can support a more general loosely couple grid hierarchy. Parallelization is based on the data partition with the least overlap.
UG kernel program has the following characteristics:
Flexible region description interface. Because UG can generate/modify meshes, it needs geometric description of region boundaries. At present, two formats are supported, and CAD interface work is in progress.
A manager supporting two-dimensional and three-dimensional unstructured grids, with various element types, such as triangle, quadrilateral, tetrahedron, prism, pyramid and hexahedron. Used to restart the complete grid structure and store and load the solution.
Local and hierarchical encryption and coarsening. Provide consistent and stable triangulation on each grid layer.
The flexible sparse matrix data structure allows the freedom of nodes, edges, surfaces and elements corresponding to the grid. The first and second BLAS processes and iterative methods are implemented in the data structure.
Extensive numerical algorithms with problem-independent and object-oriented frameworks have been implemented. Including BDF( 1), BDF(2) time step scheme, (inexact) Newton method, CG, CR, BiCGSTAB, multiplicative local multigrid, different types of grid transfer operators, ILU, Gauss-Cedell, Jacobian and SOR smoother. These algorithms can be used for equations and scalar equations. They can be nested into simple script commands at will. For example, BDF(2) uses Newton method to solve nonlinear problems at each time step, Newton method uses multigrid accelerated by BIGCSTAB, multigrid uses ILU smoother and special truncated mesh transfer suitable for jump coefficient, and coarse layer solver uses BIGCSTAB and ILU preprocessing.
Scripting language interpreters and interactive graphics tools provide simple visualization tools when the program is running. In addition, for example, the sparse matrix data structure can be given graphically, which is very useful for debugging. The device driver of UG supports X 1 1 and Apple Macintosh. It also provides graphic output to AVS, TECPLOT and GRAPE.
The data parallel implementation of this function is based on DDD.
Problem class hierarchy
A problem class discretizes a special kind of partial differential equation with UG kernel program, estimates the error, and finally realizes a nonstandard solver. You only need to provide a solver if it can't be implemented with any provided tools. Discretization can be supported by tools that allow element types and dimensions to be independent of finite element and finite volume method codes.
The problems based on the latest UG kernel program include scalar convection diffusion, nonlinear diffusion, linear elasticity, elastoplasticity, incompressibility, density-driven porous seepage and multiphase flow. All these problem classes run 2D/3D and are parallel.
So it is suggested that catia and uG should be proficient, at least that's what our company requires.
Auto cad is not as good as UG and PROE in drawing three-dimensional drawings, but Auto CAD is easier to learn.
References: personal summary UG software introduction
UG software originated from McDonnell Douglas Aircraft Company. UG was merged into American EDS Company on 199 1, and the latest version of UG NX 2.0 software was released this year. It combines the experience of American aerospace and automobile industry and becomes one of the mainstream CAD/CAE/CAM software for mechanical integration. Mainly used in aerospace, automobiles, general machinery, molds, household appliances and other fields. The composite modeling technology of constraint-based feature modeling and traditional geometric modeling is adopted. It is strong in surface modeling and NC machining, but weak in analysis. But UG provides the interface between NASTRAN, ANSYS and PATRAN. IDAMS interface of mechanism dynamics software: MOLDFLOW interface of injection mold analysis software, etc. Unigraphics provides the company with a complete digital product model from design, analysis to manufacturing.
Unigraphics adopts process-based design wizard, knowledge embedding model, freely chosen modeling method, open architecture and collaborative engineering tools, which are just some of the unique technologies Unigraphics uses to help you improve product quality, productivity and innovation.
1, knowledge-driven automation
The so-called knowledge-driven automation (KDA) is to acquire process knowledge and use it to promote the automation of product development process. Acquiring and reusing knowledge is the most important feature of Unigraphics. It reflects our consistent commitment to customers and always protects their investment in research, design, production and personnel. The way of applying knowledge in automation environment makes Unigraphics different from any other products. KDA is a revolutionary tool, which not only makes it possible to acquire knowledge, but also makes this process more effective, practical and powerful.
By automating the repeatable parts of the engineering process and helping inexperienced engineers solve complex problems, KDA shortens the cycle of product operation.
2. System modeling
Using parametric modeling, customers can view various shapes and sizes of parts simply by modifying the size of the model, while using systematic modeling, customers can view the complete product and its production process by changing any workpiece in the product and making various deformations.
In addition to designing parts, manufacturing enterprises should also design assemblies, subassemblies and parts. Unigraphics technology promotes parametric modeling technology to a higher level of system and product design. System-level design parameters will be driven by products to subsystems, components and final parts. The modification of product definition template will be controlled and refracted to all related systems and components through automation.
3. Comprehensive cooperation
The products produced by manufacturing enterprises are usually the crystallization of collective cooperation. Unigraphics covers all technologies that enable you to integrate extended product development teams, customers and supply chains into the product development process.
4. Open design
Unigraphics is open to other CAD systems and even provides basic technology for other computer-aided tools, so that customers can easily exchange data with other systems involved in the whole development process. Unigraphics allows you to directly apply geometric rules and constraints to all models, no matter where they come from, thus broadening your access to design information. In addition, Unigraphics has good flexibility, and can combine different modeling methods according to the specific working environment of customers and the specific work at hand.
5. Practical application tools
From conceptual design to in-product processing, the rich functions and inheritance depth of Unigraphics products are unparalleled. Advanced CAD/CAM/CAE software integrates customers' best practices and processes, and Unigraphics provides first-class solutions for every field of product development cycle. Today, thousands of customers-global leaders from aerospace products to consumer goods-are benefiting from the value brought by this solution. They use this software to develop novel and high-quality products, and can quickly surpass their competitors and take the lead in putting the products on the market.
Introduction of Pro/ENGINEER software of PTC
65438-0985 founded PTC Company in Boston, USA, and began to study parametric modeling software. 1988, Pro/ENGINEER of V 1.0 was born. After the development of 10 years, Pro/ENGINEER has become the leader of 3D modeling software.
PTC series software includes many functions in industrial design and mechanical design, as well as large-scale assembly management, functional simulation, manufacturing, product data management and so on. Pro/ENGINEER also provides the most comprehensive and tightly integrated product development environment that can be achieved at present. The following briefly introduces the characteristics of Pro/ENGINEER.
key property
1, completely related
All modules of Pro/ENGINEER are completely related. This means that modifications made in a certain place during product development can be extended to the whole design, and all engineering documents, including assembly, design drawings and manufacturing data, can be automatically updated. Total correlation encourages modification at any point in the development cycle without causing any loss, and makes concurrent engineering possible, so some functions in the later stage of development can play a role in advance.
2. Parametric modeling based on features.
Pro/ENGINEER takes the familiar features of users as the structural elements of product geometric model. These functions are common mechanical objects and can be easily modified according to preset settings. For example, design features include arcs, fillets, chamfers and so on, which are familiar to engineers and therefore easy to use. Assembling, machining, manufacturing and other disciplines have made use of the unique characteristics of these fields. By setting parameters for these features (including not only geometric dimensions, but also non-geometric attributes) and then modifying the parameters, it is easy to carry out multiple design iterations and realize product development.
3. Data management
In order to speed up the market, we need to develop more products in a short time. In order to achieve this efficiency, engineers from multiple disciplines must be allowed to develop the same product at the same time. The development of data management module is specially used to manage simultaneous work in concurrent engineering, which is made possible by using the unique full correlation function of Pro/ENGINEER.
4. Assembly management
The basic structure of Pro/ENGINEER allows you to assemble parts easily with some intuitive commands, such as "Join", "Insert" and "Align", while maintaining the design intent. Advanced functions support the construction and management of large complex components, and the number of parts in these components is unlimited.
5, easy to use
The menu appears in an intuitive way, providing logical options and pre-selected most commonly used options, as well as short menu descriptions and complete online help, which is easy to learn and use.
6. Universal module
Pro/DESIGNIER is a conceptual design tool of industrial design module, which enables product developers to create, evaluate and modify various design concepts of products quickly and easily. High-precision geometric models of surfaces can be generated, which can be directly transmitted to mechanical design and/or prototyping. Pro/NETWORK ANIMTOR greatly speeds up the animation production process by distributing the frames and pages in the animation to multiple processors in the network for rendering.
From the three-dimensional modeling characteristics of the software, I-DEAS and UG belong to composite modeling, which is suitable for complex surface design. Pro/Engineer software adopts full parametric modeling technology, which is more suitable for product design with relatively simple parts and complex structure.
Introduction of CATIA software
CATIA is the abbreviation of English computer-aided three-dimensional interface application. It is the mainstream CAD/CAE/CAM integrated software in the world. In 1970s, Dassault Aviation became the first user, and CATIA came into being. From 1982 to 1988, CATIA released version 1, version 2 and version 3, and released version 4 with powerful functions in 1993. Now CATIA software is divided into two series: version 4 and version 5. Version V4 is suitable for UNIX platforms, and version V5 is suitable for UNIX and Windows platforms. The development of V5 version started at 1994. In order to make the software easy to learn and use, dassault systemes began to redevelop a brand-new version of CATIA V5 in 1994. The new version V5 has a more friendly interface and increasingly powerful functions, creating a new style of CAD/CAE/CAM software.
CATIA is an integrated CAD/CAE/CAM software of French dassault systemes company, which occupies a leading position in the field of CAD/CAE/CAM in the world. CATIA is widely used in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, shipbuilding, machinery manufacturing, electronics, electrical appliances and consumer goods industries. Its integrated solution covers all product design and manufacturing fields, and its unique DMU electronic prototype module function and hybrid modeling technology promote the competitiveness and productivity of enterprises. CATIA provides convenient solutions to meet the needs of large, medium and small enterprises in all industrial fields. Including: from large Boeing 747 aircraft, rocket engines to cosmetic packaging boxes, covering almost all manufacturing products. More than 13000 users in the world have chosen CATIA. CATIA originated from aerospace industry, but its powerful function has been recognized by various industries, and it has become a de facto standard in European automobile industry. CATIA's famous users include Boeing, Chrysler, BMW, Mercedes-Benz and many other well-known enterprises. Its user groups play an important role in the world manufacturing industry. Boeing Aircraft Company completed the electronic assembly of the whole Boeing 777 with CATIA, which created an industry miracle, and thus confirmed CATIA's leading position in CAD/CAE/CAM industry.
1. A new generation of reconstructed buildings
In order to ensure the development of CATIA product series, the new architecture of CATIA V5 breaks through the traditional design technology and adopts a new generation of technologies and standards, which can adapt quickly.
The business development needs of enterprises make customers have greater competitive advantages.
2. Support scalability of different application levels.
CATIA V5 can flexibly combine development processes, functions and hardware platforms, and can configure the most for each professional member in the product development chain.
A reasonable solution. Solutions that allow arbitrary configuration can meet the needs from the smallest supplier to the largest multinational company.
3. Independent of NT and UNIX hardware platforms.
CATIA V5 is developed on Windows NT platform and UNIX platform, with unified data, functions,
Release date, operating environment and application support. The application of CATIA V5 on Windows platform can make it easier for designers to share data with office application systems. but
The NT-style user interface on UNIX platform enables users to handle complex work efficiently on UNIX platform.
4. Acquisition and reuse of professional knowledge
CATIA V5 combines the advantages of explicit knowledge rules, which can interactively capture the design intent and define the performance and changes of products in the design process. implicit
Empirical knowledge becomes explicit special knowledge, which improves the automation of design and reduces the risk of design errors.
5. Upgrade existing customers smoothly.
CATIA V4 and V5 are compatible and the two systems can be used in parallel. For existing CATIA V4 users, V5 will lead them into the NT world. For the new
CATIA V5 customers can make full use of CATIA V4 mature follow-up application products to form a complete product development environment.
These three softwares are generally introduced above. No matter what kind of mechanical design software, it has its own advantages and disadvantages. When you choose, you must combine the environment, the working object and the future development. Generally speaking, no matter which software you choose, if it is handy, perfect and used to the extreme, it is a master.