Floor tile 1 construction technology. Material requirements (1) cement: ordinary portland cement or slag portland cement above 325. (2) Sand: coarse sand or medium sand. (3) Floor tiles: After entering the site, unpack and check the color, specification, shape and paste quality. Meet the design requirements and relevant standards. 2. Main machines and tools: small bucket, half bucket, broom, spirit level, 3m or 5m tape measure, flat shovel, iron trowel, big bar, middle bar, small bar, sieve, narrow trolley, wire brush, watering can, rubber hammer, hardwood clapper (240mm×K6~K8+020mm×50mm) and alloy chisel. 3. Casing penetration is completed, and the operating conditions (1) are completed. The door frame is well protected to prevent the trolley from colliding. (2) The ground waterproof layer is completed, the water storage test is completed, and the acceptance formalities are completed. 4. Operation process: cleaning the base course, springing the line → brushing the cement mortar bonding layer → leveling the cement mortar → paving the floor tiles → jointing and trimming → jointing → maintenance → skirting board installation (1) Cleaning the base course and springing the line: cleaning the base course and shoveling the surface mortar skin. Play a horizontal elevation line on the wall. (2) Brush the cement slurry bonding layer: evenly sprinkle water on the cleaned ground, and then evenly sprinkle cement slurry with a broom (water cement ratio is 0.5). This layer must work closely with the mortar leveling layer laid in the next working procedure. (3) Make cement mortar leveling layer: 1) Screw: Make ash cake first, subject to the horizontal line of the wall, and the level on the ash cake is lower than the floor tile thickness. Then screed around the room every 1m in the middle of the room. For flooded rooms, the leveling layer should be radial in the direction of floor drain. 2) Installation of file: After screed, use 1: 3 hard cement mortar (hardness is subject to hand kneading and ground flowering) with a thickness of about 20 ~ 25mm. Mortar should be compacted and leveled with big poles, and the surface should be smooth and find out the flooding. (4) Tiling: 1) Check the clearance size of the paved room, find a prescription, and pop up the vertical control line of the prescription on the leveling layer (leveling layer is generally divided into "soft bottom" and "hard bottom". On the same day, laying brocade bricks on the leveling layer is called "soft bottom", and laying brocade bricks on the completely hardened leveling layer is called "hard bottom". When looking for founder, you can put a control line on the hard bottom. The control line on the soft bottom). Calculate the number of plates to be laid according to the construction details. If the sheets are less than the whole, throw them in the corner and don't lay them in a conspicuous place. 2) Cement-mortar bonding layer: When laying the brocade brick on the "hard bottom", spray water to wet it first, and then scrape a layer of cement slurry with a thickness of 2 ~ 3 mm (107 glue, accounting for 20% of the cement weight). When laying brocade bricks on the "soft bottom", water the slurry and brush evenly. Brush with a sticker. 3) Before the initial setting of the cement slurry, the floor tiles shall be laid from the inside to the outside along the control line, with the back of the tiles facing upwards and plastered with bonding mortar. The mixture ratio is not less than 1: 2.5, and the thickness is not less than10 mm. Due to the high strength and rapid hardening of mortar, it should be used with mortar to prevent mortar from sticking after false setting. 4) The plastered bricks should be stacked on the bottom ash of the brushed cement mortar, and the bricks should be aligned. 5) After all the tiles are paved, boards should be placed on them, and people should stand on the pad. 6) Grooving: Grooving and finishing: Grooving the paved brick with guy wires, straightening the joint, sweeping away the excess mortar in the joint, and compacting the brick. If there are any bad bricks, replace them in time. 7) Tick joint with 1: 1 fine cement mortar to ensure that the tick joint is dense and the joint is smooth. If the design requires no gaps, the joints should be straight. On the paved and trimmed brick surface, sprinkle the cement surface and water it with a kettle. Sweep the cement slurry into the joint with a broom and fill it with cement slurry. Then, the mud is dispersed and vibrated with a clapper. Finally, clean it with dry sawdust. The ceramic mosaic surface layer shall be continuously paved in the whole room at one time, and the jointing shall be completed before the final setting of the cement slurry bonding layer. If the room is too big to be paved at one time, it is necessary to cut the seams together and clean up the remaining ashes. 8) Maintenance: within 48h after the floor tile is laid, dry sawdust and sprinkle water for normal temperature maintenance; 9) Winter construction: No construction is allowed without indoor heating and insulation measures. Raw materials and operating temperature shall not be lower than +5℃, sand and plate surface shall not be frozen. In the curing stage, the surface must be covered. 10) skirting board construction: skirting boards generally adopt the same varieties, specifications and colors as ground blocks, so the vertical joints of the blocks should be aligned with the ground joints. When laying, a brick should be built at both ends of the internal corner of the room, the thickness and height of the wall should meet the design requirements, and the hanging line should be based on the edge of the brick. Start paving, with the back of the brick facing up, and daub bonding mortar. The mortar ratio is 1: 2 cement mortar, so that the mortar can stick the whole brick. Should be pasted on the wall in time, so that the brick is straight and dense. Then scrape off the mortar extruded from the brick surface and clean the brick surface. 5. The quality standard (1) ensures that the variety, specification, color and quality of the floor tiles must meet the design requirements, and the combination of the surface layer and the base layer must be solid without hollowing. (2) Foundation engineering: 1) The surface is clean, the patterns are clear, the colors are consistent, the joints are even, the periphery is straight, and the bricks are free of cracks, corners and gaps. 2) The slope of the floor drain shall comply with the design requirements, without flooding, and the joint between accumulated water and the floor drain (pipeline) shall be tight and firm, without leakage. 3) The skirting board has clean surface, smooth and uniform joints, consistent height, firm combination and appropriate wall thickness. 4) The materials and dimensions of the adjacent edges of each surface layer meet the design requirements and construction specifications, and the edges and corners are neat and smooth. (3) Allowable deviation items: See Table 4-20. Table 4-20 Inspection Method of Allowable Deviation (mm) of Floor Tiles 1 Surface Smoothness 3 Check 2 joints with 2m straightedge and wedge feeler gauge, 3 pull 5m lines, less than 5m pull lines and straightedge gauge, 3 joint height difference is 0.5 feet, wedge feeler gauge check 4 skirting board flowing straight, 3 pull 5m lines, less than 5m pull lines and straightedge check 5. Plate gap width is not more than 3 feet. Note: Item 5. If there is no requirement in the design, it should be inspected according to the limit value in the table. 6. Finished product protection (1) After the floor tile is laid, if other processes are inserted more, a cover protection surface layer should be laid. (2) When cutting the floor tile, use the backing plate, and it is forbidden to cut on the paved ground. (3) When transporting materials, the cart should pay attention to protecting the door frame and finished product surface, and the legs of the cart should be wrapped. (4) Don't touch the pipeline during operation, and don't drop mortar or floor tiles into the installed floor drain nozzle. (5) Don't pollute the ground when painting or pulping. 7. Attention should be paid to the quality problem (1) that the ground standard is too high: during the construction of precast or cast-in-place floor slab, the elevation of the slab should be strictly controlled, the thickness of waterproof layer should also be strictly controlled, and floor tiles should be laid horizontally. (2) Uneven joints: floor tiles should be selected before operation, and the whole mosaic with the same length and width should be used in the same room. When poking the seam, pull the grid seam through the line, and straighten the bricks above the line. (3) The surface layer is empty: after the leveling layer is finished, the surface layer should be made to prevent pollution and affect the bonding with the surface layer. The cement slurry scraped before tile laying should be prevented from air drying, and the thickness should be uniform. (4) Ground leakage: pay attention to the protection during the construction of the waterproof layer on the ground of the toilet and bathroom. The pipe holes passing through the floor should be plugged, sleeved and closely connected with the waterproof layer to prevent leakage. The second water storage test should be carried out after the mosaic surface in the bathroom and bathroom reaches the strength of the master. (5) The surface layer is seriously polluted: the residual cement slurry should be wiped clean when the joints are wiped. After the surface layer is finished, it must be covered to prevent pollution from other types of work. (6) The floor tiles around the floor drain are irregular: find the slope of the floor drain when making the leveling layer. When paving a large area, the floor tiles around the floor drain should be paved again, and the number of blocks should be calculated in advance according to the diameter of the floor drain for processing. After the trial paving is suitable, the floor tiles will be officially laid. During construction, the floor elevation should be carefully checked to prevent superelevation, and the construction thickness of each process should be strictly controlled to prevent superelevation. (2) The flooding is too small or the slope is partially reversed: the installation elevation of the floor drain is too high, and there are pits on the uneven base, resulting in local water accumulation. Because of the floor elevation error, the ground slope decreases, and 50cm horizontal line is not allowed, or construction is not carried out according to the horizontal line. It is required to carefully check the 50cm horizontal line. Plumbing and civil construction personnel should follow the horizontal line, and the size and elevation should be accurate. Before ground construction, the reinforcement should be filled before drying to ensure the correct slope direction. (3) The ground is not paved evenly, resulting in height difference: the thickness of the bricks is inconsistent, and there is no strict selection, or the brick surface is uneven and angular, or there is no paving when paving, or the bonding layer is too thick and premature. To solve this problem, we must first choose bricks. Non-standard and non-standard bricks shall not be used. When paving, it should be compacted. Close the door after the floor is paved, and the sawdust should be cured at room temperature for 48 hours. (4) Empty drum and kicking on the ground: the base course is not clean and impervious, which is caused by early dehydration. The master arrived too early, and bonding mortar failed to reach the strength, which affected the bonding strength and formed an empty drum after drying. Solution: Clean it carefully, check it strictly, pay attention to controlling the operation time of people and strengthen maintenance. Causes of empty drum after kicking: the base of the wall is not cleaned, and there is still residual ash. After bonding the tiles, the bottom ash is pulled up to form an empty drum; Incomplete watering leads to early dehydration. Bonding mortar behind the skirting board didn't reach the edge, and the amount of mortar was small, so it couldn't squeeze the corners, resulting in empty drum. The solution is to strengthen the cleaning and watering at the grass-roots level and stick it when kicking. (5) Black edge: When the whole brick is not enough, it is not necessary to cut half a brick for paving, but to fill the edge with mortar. Dry will form a black edge, affecting the look and feel. The solution is to trim the edges according to the rules. I hope the above can help you solve the problem!