Analytic geometry method is a method to solve geometric problems by establishing coordinate system and corresponding the basic element points of geometry with the basic research objects of algebra. Its origin can be traced back to the study of conic curves by ancient Greek mathematicians. The French mathematician Descartes first introduced the coordinate system and became the founder of this method. Newton, Euler, Lagrange and others also made important contributions to the development of analytic geometry.

The basic idea of analytic geometry is to introduce coordinates into the plane, establish a coordinate system, and then correspond an algebraic equation with the shape of f(x, y)=0 with a curve on the plane: transform geometric problems into algebraic problems, and discover new geometric results through the study of algebraic problems. Algebraic problems also have geometric explanations. The founders of this branch of geometry are two French mathematicians-Descartes and Fermat.