1, mathematics
Mathematics [English: Mathematics, derived from the ancient Greek μ θ η μ α (má th ē ma); Often abbreviated as math or maths], it is a discipline that studies concepts such as quantity, structure, change, space and information.
Mathematics is a universal means for human beings to strictly describe the abstract structure and mode of things, and can be applied to any problem in the real world. All mathematical objects are artificially defined in essence. In this sense, mathematics belongs to formal science, not natural science. Different mathematicians and philosophers have a series of views on the exact scope and definition of mathematics.
Mathematics plays an irreplaceable role in the development of human history and social life, and it is also an indispensable basic tool for studying and studying modern science and technology.
2. Economics
Economics is a subject that studies all kinds of economic activities and corresponding economic relations of human society at various stages of development and its operation and development law. The core idea of economics is the scarcity of materials and the effective utilization of resources, which can be divided into two main branches, microeconomics and macroeconomics.
Economics originated from the early economics represented by Xenophon and Aristotle in Greece. After the development of economists such as Adam Smith, Marx and Keynes, economics has derived interdisciplinary subjects such as evolutionary securities and behavioral economics. With the rapid development of the national economy, the research and application of economics are paid more and more attention by the state and people, and the theoretical system and application are constantly improved and developed.
Extended data
Second, the history of development is different:
1, mathematics
After the Renaissance in Western Europe from ancient Greece to16th century, elementary mathematics, such as elementary algebra and elementary trigonometry, has been basically complete, but the concept of limit has not yet appeared.
/kloc-the emergence of the concept of European variables in the 0/7th century made people begin to study the relationship between the amount of change and the mutual transformation between graphics. In the process of establishing classical mechanics, the method of combining calculus with geometric accuracy was invented. With the further development of natural science and technology, the fields of set theory, mathematical logic and so on, which are produced for studying the basis of mathematics, have also begun to develop slowly.
2. Economics
16 ~17th century is the period of primitive accumulation of capital in western Europe. The rise and development of commercial capital in this period led to the disintegration of feudal natural economy and the unification of domestic market, and accumulated a lot of funds through the plunder of colonies and the expansion of foreign trade, which promoted the development of workshop handicrafts and provided conditions for the prosperity of capitalist production methods.
Mercantilism, which represents the interests and requirements of commercial capital, came into being in this period. Mercantilism originally refers to the policy adopted by the state to obtain monetary wealth. After 16, many works promoting mercantilism appeared in Britain and France. Mercantilism attaches importance to the accumulation of gold and silver currency, regards gold and silver as the only form of wealth, and believes that foreign trade is the real source of wealth;
Only by surpassing can we gain more gold and silver wealth. Therefore, it advocates the development of foreign trade with the support of the state. However, the study of mercantilism is limited to the circulation process and has not yet formed a complete economic theoretical system.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-mathematics
Baidu encyclopedia-economics