The reason why cellular networks are widely used stems from a mathematical conclusion that planes are covered with circles with the same radius. When the center of a regular hexagon grid is at the center of each regular hexagon, that is, when the center is at the grid point of a regular triangle grid, the number of circles used is the least. Although using a graph with the least number of nodes to cover the largest area is still an unknown problem to be solved, it is usually reasonable to use a circle to express the actual demand in communication even if the nodes are required to be on a grid with translation characteristics like a grid, so in order to save the equipment construction cost, regular triangular grid or simple hexagonal grid is the best choice. The network formed in this way is covered together and shaped like a honeycomb, so it is called a cellular network.

Cellular network or mobile network is a kind of mobile communication hardware architecture, which divides the service of mobile phone into regular hexagonal sub-areas, and each sub-area has a base station, forming a structure that looks like a "cellular", so this mobile communication mode is called cellular mobile communication mode.

Cellular network can be divided into analog cellular network and digital cellular network, and the main difference lies in the way of transmitting information.

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