Comprehensive 2 1 1 Mathematical analysis published by Fudan University is generally used in the department of mathematics in universities, and mathematical analysis published by East China Normal University is generally used in the department of mathematics in normal universities. At present, the latest version is the third edition. In other editions, Mathematical Analysis published by Nankai University is more difficult, and it is only used in mathematical experiment classes in Nankai.
Mathematical analysis is the oldest and most basic branch of analysis. Generally speaking, it refers to a relatively complete mathematics subject with the general theory of calculus, infinite series and analytic function as the main content and including its theoretical basis (basic theory of real number, function, measure and limit), and it is also a basic course for college mathematics majors.
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The answer is that the cosine of the vector PA and the normal vector N =¡Ì2/4, and the normal vector