Primary schools, also known as grammar schools, include 1-6 grades (sometimes 1-8 grades) and teach basic subjects. Sometimes primary schools also include kindergartens. All pupils receive the same education every day, except those who need special help alone. Students are not allowed to choose their own courses. Besides PE, music and art classes, they often stay in one or two classrooms all day. Usually, the curriculum of public primary schools is decided by each school district, and the school district chooses curriculum guidance and teaching materials according to the national education standards and the standards of each grade. American primary schools are generally small in scale (each class generally has no more than 20 students), and each class has one teacher. Teachers must complete the teaching tasks of various courses and guide students' extracurricular activities. American primary school curriculum is extremely flexible; There is neither a clear subject nor a fixed teaching time. Chinese, mathematics, natural science, social studies, physical education, fine arts, music and other courses are generally offered in primary schools in various States, and Chinese accounts for the largest proportion in primary school courses in the United States. American primary school Chinese is subdivided into reading, grammar, writing and conversation, among which reading is the key. Mathematics is the longest subject except Chinese for American students in primary school. Judging from the actual situation of American schools, American primary schools generally lack strict training and requirements for mathematics, and the requirements for curriculum arrangement are as low as possible. The whole primary school seldom involves abstract algebra or difficult mathematics, and mainly focuses on the four operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Natural science courses generally include scientific knowledge and principles, environmental education, science and technology, physical knowledge and so on. Social studies cover a wide range, generally including history, geography, politics, economy, knowledge of resource protection, etc. Social studies in American primary schools often teach students the common sense of social life in a life-oriented way, such as arranging visits, students collecting articles or materials related to related topics, group discussions, audio and video recording and other modern audio-visual teaching equipment, so that students can accept the relevant course content through their own personal experience rather than rote learning. However, many people think that American social studies education methods are not academic. Therefore, since the 1980' s, more and more people have demanded the reform of social studies in primary schools, and turned social studies into systematic education of history, geography or other traditional social subjects. Although the curriculum content of American primary schools has been expanded and strengthened in recent years, on the whole, Chinese is still the core in the minds of school teachers and students, and other subjects often fail to attract enough attention for various reasons, sometimes the content is reduced, and sometimes even cancelled. Idea-When primary school students enter school, the teacher will give them a bag of twelve kinds of gifts, each of which will let them learn a virtue: the first toothpick. Pick out the strengths of others. The second rubber band. Stay flexible and everything can be done. The third one is ok. Restore the hurt feelings of others and yourself. The fourth pencil. Write down your daily wishes. The fifth rubber. Everyone makes mistakes, and it doesn't matter. Everyone makes mistakes. It doesn't matter. The sixth piece of gum. Stick to it, and you can finish the work. You will be happy when you try. The seventh cotton ball. Remind you that this classroom is full of kind words and warm feelings. The eighth chocolate. It will make you feel better when you are depressed. The ninth piece of tissue paper. To remind you to help others dry their tears, to help others dry their tears. The tenth gold thread. Remember to tie our hearts together with friendship. Eleven, copper coins. Remind you that you are valuable and special. Remind you that you are valuable and special. Life buoy (life buoy candy), you can come to me when you need to talk. This greeting ceremony is not to remind children to be quiet and disciplined, nor to inform the school rules, but to remind "you are a valuable and special person", to remind "to pick out the advantages of others" and to remind "to help others dry their tears" At the end of each semester, the teacher will grade the pupils. In addition to the results of various subjects, there is also a "ability to surpass subjects", which is divided into five parts: 1, social ability 1) respect others and their property; 2) Respect teachers; 2, research ability 1) can find research topics from related issues; 2) Being able to collect data in various ways; 3) Can effectively transfer the learned knowledge; 4) Be able to use technology correctly; 5) The library can be used to strengthen learning; 3, thinking ability 1) can learn and study information related to the theme; 2) Effective use of knowledge; 3) Be able to reflect and make decisions; 4. communication skills 5. Self-management ability 1) Effective use of class time 2. Finish the assigned homework 3. Obey the organization Responsible for people and things. Demonstrate self-restraint in research and thinking, which can only be met in universities in China. Here, primary schools begin to learn. They will let students find their own topics within one academic year and hand in their reports at the end of the term. Each of those children has a thick book. The United States attaches great importance to the cultivation of reading ability as the most important lesson. Children are not afraid of reading thick books, so they use the evening self-study time (no more than 1 hour) to cultivate students' reading habits and abilities. Teaching objectives-1. Kindergarten graduates can recognize numbers and express abstract mathematical concepts with concrete objects such as small stones, pieces of paper and sticks. Know 26 English letters and distinguish vowels from consonants; Distinguish what people in different occupations generally do, such as doctors, teachers, postmen, policemen, firemen ... Understand the evolution of biological life, including birth and death, caterpillars become butterflies; Learn geography from globes and puzzles, and understand that there are many residents, many countries and different skin colors on the earth; Understand that people need housing, children need to go to school and adults need to go to work. 2. In the first grade, I can count from 1 to 100, even numbers or multiples of 5. If I know odd and even numbers, I can simply add and subtract. Learn to observe and classify different things and objects; Can explain the evolution of life and understand the interdependence between animals and plants in nature; Learn to use pictures and photos to express meanings other than words; Understand the necessity of a family's food, clothing, housing and transportation; Understand the relationship between family members and neighbors. 3. The second grade can read and write three digits, and five digits can be randomly selected from decimal to large or from large to small; Proficient in the addition and subtraction of two digits, able to measure the length in inches or centimeters and understand the time on the clock; Insist on writing reading notes or diaries, learn to write summaries, know how to distinguish different literary forms such as poetry, prose, novels and biographies, and know the difference between fictional works and non-fictional works; I began to study animals independently, such as insect ecology. 4. Learn how to make data into graphics in the third grade; Can compare the size and addition of numbers within 65438+ million, and master the addition, subtraction, multiplication and division of three digits skillfully; Can use local materials from the surrounding environment, collect and sort out information, understand how people keep healthy, and understand the life evolution process of frogs, butterflies, chickens, mice and other small animals; Know how to use a dictionary; I can understand the ideas expressed by my favorite writers and painters through their works, and I am also good at reading literary works from different cultural backgrounds. 5. In the fourth grade, use a computer to calculate large numbers, compare numbers within 1 million, learn decimals and fractions, and draw charts; Can explain the differences of climate in different parts of the world through maps, photos and charts; Through reading, we can learn more about different literary forms, such as science fiction works and biographies. 6. The fifth grade will list and read various forms, and master the addition, subtraction, multiplication and division of scores and Divison; Ability to use library systems and materials for research; Compare and synthesize all kinds of information by taking notes; Start writing a non-virtual report and five compositions; Learn to write formal, informal and friend letters; Knowing how to classify different types of books, we can master the main content of a book and comment on its conception, background, characterization, expression and language art.