The Story of Gauss-The Story of Gauss (C.F.Gauss, 4.30-.2.23) is a German mathematician, physicist and astronomer who was born in a poor family in Zwick, Germany. His father Gerchard Di Derrych worked as a berm, bricklayer and gardener, and his first wife died of illness after living with him for more than 65,438+00 years, but did not work for him. The next year, their child Gauss was born. This is their only child. His father is very strict with Gauss, even a little too strict. He often likes to plan his life for young Gauss according to his own experience. Gauss respected his father and inherited his honest and cautious character. 1999 When Derek died, Gauss had made many epoch-making achievements. Goss's childhood was mainly concentrated on his mother and uncle. Gauss's grandfather was a stonemason who died of tuberculosis at the age of 30, leaving two children: Gauss's mother Luo Jieya and his uncle Flier Ritchie. Frieda Ritchie is smart, enthusiastic, intelligent and capable, and devoted to textile trade. He found his sister's son clever, so he spent part of his energy on this little genius. Gauss's wisdom is vividly displayed. A few years later, as an adult, Gauss recalled what his uncle had done for him, deeply feeling that it was crucial to his success. He remembered his uncle's prolific thought and said sadly that "we lost a genius" because of his death. It is precisely because Flier Ritchie has a good eye for talents and often persuades his brother-in-law to let his children develop into scholars that Gauss didn't become a gardener or a mason. In the history of mathematics, few people are as lucky as Gauss to have a mother who supports him to become a talented person. Luo Jieya got married at the age of 34 and was 35 when she gave birth to Gauss. He is strong, clever, intelligent and has a sense of humor. Since his birth, Gauss has been very curious about all phenomena and things, and he is determined to get to the bottom of it, which is beyond the scope allowed by a child. When her husband reprimanded the child for it, he always supported Gauss. Resolutely oppose the stubborn husband who wants his son to be as ignorant as himself. Luo Jieya sincerely hopes that his son can do something great, and he also cherishes Gauss's talent. However, he didn't dare to let his son get into the math research that couldn't support his family at the time of fashion. At the age of 0/9, Gauss/Kloc-even though he had made many great achievements in mathematics, she still asked her friend W Bolyai (non-Euclidean geometry) in the field of mathematics. Bolyai said that her son would be "the greatest mathematician in Europe", and her eyes were filled with tears. Gauss went to school for the first time at the age of seven. There was nothing special in the first two years. At the age of 65,438+00, Gauss entered the class of studying mathematics, which was the first time that children had never heard of arithmetic. The math teacher is Barthner. He also played a certain role in the growth of Gauss. A story that is widely circulated all over the world says that when Gauss was 10, he worked out an arithmetic problem that Butner gave to his students and added up all the integers from 1. Just after Butner described the topic, Gauss worked out the correct answer. However, this is probably an untrue legend. According to E·T· Bell, a famous mathematical historian who studied Gauss, Butner gave the children a more difficult addition problem at that time:++… of course, it is also a summation problem of arithmetic progression (tolerance is, number of items is). As soon as Butner finished writing, Gauss was finished, and handed in the small slate with the answer. E. T. Bell wrote that Gauss often liked to talk about this matter with people in his later years, saying that only his answer was correct at that time. How did he solve the problem so quickly? Mathematical historians tend to think that Gauss had mastered arithmetic progression's summation method at that time. A child as young as 10 may find this mathematical method unusual. The historical facts described by Bell according to Gauss's own account in his later years should be more credible. Moreover, it can better reflect the characteristics that Gauss paid attention to mastering more essential mathematical methods since he was a child. Gauss's computing ability, more importantly, Gauss's unique mathematical method and extraordinary creativity made Butner sit up and take notice of him. He specially gave Gauss the best arithmetic book in Hamburg, saying, "You have surpassed me, and I have nothing to teach you." Then, Gauss established a sincere friendship with Bater's assistant, J.M.Bartels, until his death. They study together and help each other, and Gauss begins. Gauss, 1 1 years old, entered the college of arts and sciences. In his new school, all his classes are excellent, especially classical literature and mathematics. On the recommendation of Hans and others, the Duke of zwick summoned Gauss, who was 14 years old. This simple, clever but poor child won the sympathy of the Duke, who generously offered to be his patron. Let him continue his studies. Duke Zwick of Brunswick played an important role in the success of Gauss. Moreover, this role actually reflects a model of scientific development in modern Europe, indicating that private funding was one of the important driving factors for scientific development before the socialization of scientific research. Gauss is in the transition period of private funding and scientific research socialization. 1920, Gauss entered Caroline College in Brunswick to continue his studies. The Duke paid all kinds of expenses for him and sent him to a famous German family in G? ttingen, which made Gauss study hard and started creative research according to his own ideals. In, Gauss returned to his hometown of Brunswick after writing his doctoral thesis, just as he fell ill worried about his future and livelihood-although his doctoral thesis was successfully passed, he was awarded a doctorate and obtained a lecturer position, but he failed to attract students. So I had to go back to my hometown-the duke helped me again. The Duke paid for the printing of Gauss's long doctoral thesis, gave him a building and printed Arithmetic Research for him, which enabled the book to be published in 2008. He also paid all the living expenses of Gauss. All this moved Gauss very much. In his doctoral thesis and arithmetic research, he wrote a sincere dedication: "To the Grand Duke", "Your kindness freed me from all troubles and enabled me to engage in this unique research". In, the Duke was killed while resisting the French army commanded by Napoleon, which dealt a heavy blow to Gauss. He was heartbroken. I have been deeply hostile to the French for a long time. The death of Dagong brought economic difficulties to Gauss, the misfortune that Germany was enslaved by the French army, and the death of his first wife, all of which made Gauss somewhat disheartened, but he was a strong man and never revealed his embarrassment to others. I don't want my friends to comfort my misfortune. Only when people sorted out his unpublished mathematical manuscripts in the19th century did they understand his mentality at that time. In a short article about elliptic function, a subtle pencil word was suddenly inserted: "For me, life is worse than death." The generous and kind patron died, and Gauss had to find a suitable job. To support his family. Because of Gauss's outstanding work in astronomy and mathematics, his fame spread all over Europe. The Petersburg Academy of Sciences keeps hinting that Euler's position in the Petersburg Academy of Sciences has been waiting for a genius like Gauss since his death in 2006. When the duke was alive, he strongly discouraged Gauss from going. He was even willing to give him a salary increase and set up an observatory for him. Now, Gauss is facing a new choice in life. In order not to lose Germany's greatest genius, B.A.on Humboldt, a famous German scholar, joined other scholars and politicians to win Gauss the privileged positions of Professor of Mathematics and Astronomy at the University of G? ttingen and Director of the G? ttingen Observatory. 1820, Gauss took office in G? ttingen, and his family moved here. Since then, except for a scientific conference in Berlin. He has been living in G? ttingen. The efforts of Humboldt and others not only made the Gauss family have a comfortable living environment, but also gave full play to his genius, creating conditions for the establishment of the Gottingen Institute of Mathematics and Germany becoming a world science center and mathematics center. At the same time, it also marks a good beginning of scientific research socialization. Gauss's academic position, people always admire him. He has the reputation of "prince of mathematics" and "king of mathematicians" and is considered as "one of the three (or four) greatest mathematicians in human history" (Archimedes, Newton, Gauss or Euler). People also praised Gauss as "the pride of mankind". He is a genius, precocious, prolific and creative person. In all fields of pure mathematics and applied mathematics, he has opened up many new fields of mathematics, from the most abstract algebraic number theory to intrinsic geometry, leaving his footprints. He is the backbone of18-19th century in terms of research style, methods and even concrete achievements. If we think of mathematicians in the18th century as a series of mountains, then if we think of mathematicians in the19th century as rivers, their source is Gauss. Although mathematical research and scientific work did not become enviable occupations at the end of 18, Gauss was born at the right time, because the development of European capitalism made all countries attach importance to scientific research. With Napoleon's attention to French scientists and scientific research, the czar and many monarchs in Europe began to pay attention to scientists and scientific research, and the socialization of scientific research was accelerating and the status of science was constantly improving. As the greatest scientist at that time, Gauss won many honors, and many world-famous scientific leaders regarded Gauss as their teacher. In, Gauss was elected as an academician of communication and a professor of Kazan University by Petersburg Academy of Sciences. Now, Denmark appointed him as a scientific consultant, and in this year, Hanover, Germany also hired him as a scientific consultant. Gauss's life is a typical scholar's life. He has always maintained the frugality of a farmer, making it hard to imagine that he is a great professor and the greatest mathematician in the world. He was married twice, and several children annoyed him. However, these have little influence on his scientific creation. After gaining a high reputation and German mathematics, a generation of Tianjiao completed the journey of life. I rebel against my fate whenever I get a chance-Beethoven Ludwig van Beethoven (-), a great German composer and one of the representatives of the Viennese classical school. Beethoven was born in Bonn, a small town near France on the Rhine River, on February 6th, 1968. His grandfather is the music director of the Bonn Palace Orchestra. His father is a court tenor. Beethoven showed his musical genius from an early age. His father is eager to train him to be a genius like Mozart. He was forced to learn piano and violin from an early age. At the age of eight, he began to perform in concerts and tried to compose music. However, his music education in this period has been very chaotic and unsystematic. At the age of twelve, he was able to play freely. In addition, he worked as an assistant to the organist Nie Fei (1960- 1969). At this time, he began to formally study music with Nie Fei. Nie Fei is a versatile musician. He broadened Beethoven's artistic vision, familiarized him with some excellent examples of German classical art, and consolidated Beethoven's understanding of lofty goals. Beethoven's formal study and systematic upbringing actually began with Nie Fei's careful teaching and training: Nie Fei also led him to teach Mozart in Vienna. After listening to his performance, Mozart predicted that Beethoven would shake the world one day. Beethoven soon received the news of his mother's death in Vienna, and he had to go back to Bonn at once. Due to the drag of his family, he didn't come to Vienna for the second time until his father died in 1920. But Mozart is no longer alive at this time. After Beethoven came to Vienna for the second time, he quickly won the title of the most outstanding performer in Vienna (especially improvisation). Later, he studied under Haydn, Schenk, Ablisberg and salieri. Through his association with the Bonn intellectual Breinen, he came into contact with many famous professors, writers and musicians at that time, and received a lot from them. His thought was mature several years before the French Revolution, but it developed rapidly in the revolutionary years. 1990 The progressive thought of the French bourgeois revolution inspired him greatly, thus laying a curtain for his humanistic world? -Believe that human beings are equal, pursue justice and individuality, and hate feudal autocracy. Although the three famous composers of Vienna Classical Music School lived in similar times, Beethoven's thoughts obviously did not belong to the same "era" as Haydn and Mozart. Haydn suffered a lot in his life. Although he was occasionally provoked, he always resigned himself to his fate. At that time, progressive literary thoughts and revolutionary emotions rarely excited him. His musical struggle is always isolated. Mozart's mental pain is no less than Haydn's. He dared to resist, preferring poverty to be insulted by the archbishop. But in his music, from behind the joy full of sunshine and youthful vitality, we can often feel a trace of pain, melancholy and sadness. Only Beethoven, who not only angrily opposed feudal autocracy, but also called on people to fight for happiness with his music. Beethoven's creations in Bonn (1920- 1930) were mostly small piano pieces, ensembles and music, so it can be said that he was still in the preparatory stage of creation. During his first ten years in Vienna (-), he only had famous works such as Sorrow, Moonlight, Croce Sonata and Piano Concerto No.3, so that he had a better understanding of social issues and could achieve his goal of hard exploration. In-,his creation entered a mature stage, which later became his "heroic era". The mature process of Beethoven's creative activities seems to be quite slow, but in fact it is very stable. He began to compose his first symphony at the age of thirty. At this age, Mozart had written about forty symphonies. Beethoven began to feel that his hearing was getting weaker and weaker, but he didn't tell his friends until he was sure that his ear disease could not be cured. However, his love for art and life overcame his personal pain and despair-suffering became the source of his creative power. At the peak of such a spiritual crisis, he began to write his optimistic heroic symphony. The Heroic Symphony marks the turning point of Beethoven's spirit and the beginning of his "heroic era". In the later period of Beethoven's life in Vienna, because Europe was experiencing a serious reactionary period, that is, the period when metternich's reactionary rule was particularly rampant, his creation also declined temporarily (-). Although he was completely deaf, his health deteriorated, his life was poor and his spirit was tortured, he still wrote the ninth (chorus) symphony with great perseverance, summed up his glorious epic life and showed the good wishes of mankind. Beethoven died in Vienna on March 26th, 2008. He died without relatives, but when he was buried on the 29th of the same month, he became popular. All schools and colleges. Twenty thousand people escorted his coffin pivot, and his tombstone was engraved with the inscription of the Austrian poet Greer Bache (-): "When you stand in front of his coffin, it is not despair but a noble feeling that hangs over you; We can only say to him that he has accomplished a great cause ... "Beethoven is one of the great composers in the world art history. His creation embodies his giant character and reflects the progressive thought of that era. His revolutionary hero image can be transformed into joy through suffering. "To sum up, it is' winning by struggle'. His works are magnificent, unpretentious and rich in music content, which is easy to be understood and accepted by the audience. Beethoven's music embodies the pain and joy, struggle and victory of his time, so it always inspires people in the past and inspires people's fighting spirit, and even now it makes people feel cordial and inspiring. Aspiration refers to the determination of ambition. Everyone has hopes and plans for the future. Determination is the starting point of success. With great ambition and unremitting efforts, we can succeed. Where there is a will, there is a way. After all, everything will be fine. Everything comes to him who waits, three thousand armour can swallow Wu. -Pu Songling's famous saying 1, determination lies in youth. However, Su Xun, a litterateur in the Song Dynasty, was furious at the age of 27, determined to study hard day and night, and finally became one of the eight masters in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Example 2: Wang Mian, a painter of Ming Dynasty in China, was determined to paint the beautiful scenery of lotus flowers vividly when herding cattle. He paints day and night. Later, he became a famous painter at that time. 3. Gou Jian, the king of Yue, was defeated by the Wu team and was greatly humiliated, becoming a slave of Fu Cha, the king of Wu. Three years later, he was released and returned to China, determined to avenge his country. He tried his best to defeat Wu at last. It means giving your life and fighting fiercely. This means trying your best to achieve his goal. How many times can you fight in life? (Rong Guotuan) 3. Life is a hero, death is a ghost. (Li Qingzhao) A famous example 1. Beethoven struggled to grow up. Beethoven was unable to go to school because of his poor family when he was a child. 17 years old suffered from typhoid fever and smallpox, followed by lung disease, arthritis, yellow fever and conjunctivitis. At the age of 26, he was unfortunately deaf and his love was frustrated. Beethoven vowed to "take life by the throat". In his tenacious struggle with life, his will prevailed, and his life became more and more prosperous in his music creation career. 2. Sima Qian wrote historical records. Sima Qian inherited his father's footsteps and decided to write history books. He traveled all over the country and read many books. Unexpectedly, when he was doing Historical Records, he was implicated in the disaster of Li Ling. You are quiet and angry. After more than ten years of hard work, you finally wrote a masterpiece-Historical Records. 3. Diligence and sweat are the nectar that moistens the soul, and diligence is the ladder to realize the ideal. 1, your career is good at hard work, but it is ruined by thinking. -Han Yu 2. If you don't work hard, the boss will be sad. -Yuefu poetry