Alan mathison turing, a British mathematician and logician, is known as the father of computer science and artificial intelligence. 193 1 year, Turing entered King's College, Cambridge University, and went to Princeton University to study for a doctorate after graduation.
In order to commemorate its great contribution to computer science, the American Computer Association (ACM) established the annual Turing Award in 1966 to recognize people who have made outstanding contributions to computer science. The Turing Prize is known as the "Nobel Prize in Computer Science".
1949, Turing became the vice president of the Computing Laboratory of the University of Manchester, and devoted himself to developing the software needed to run the Manchester Mark 1 stored program computer. 1950 published the paper "Computing Machine and Intelligence", which provided a pioneering idea for the later artificial intelligence science.
1956 this article by turing is entitled "can machines think? Republish for this topic. At this time, artificial intelligence has also entered the stage of practical development. Turing's machine intelligence thought is undoubtedly one of the direct origins of artificial intelligence.
Turing's main achievements:
1, computability theory
Turing defined computable function from a new angle in the article "On computable number and its application in judging problems".
It comprehensively analyzes the calculation process of human beings, and simplifies the calculation into the simplest, most basic and most certain operation actions, thus describing the intuitive mechanical basic calculation program with simple methods, so that any mechanical program can be simplified into these actions.
2. Electronic computers
Turing's wartime service organization successfully developed a general loss machine in 1943, and the design of this machine adopted some concepts put forward by Turing. A 1500 electron tube and a photoelectric tube reader are used. Input with punched paper tape; The electronic tube bistable circuit is used for counting, binary arithmetic and Boolean algebraic logic operation to complete the password decoding.
3. Mathematical Biology
Turing published a paper "Chemical Basis of Morphogenesis" in 1952. My main interest is Fibonacci leaf sequence, Fibonacci number existing in plant structure. It applies the reaction-diffusion formula, and now it has become the core of the pattern formation category.